Learn About Dinosaurs Part 1 | T-Rex, Triceratops and More | Educational Video for Kids

Welcome back to Brain Candy TV. Hello brainiacs! It's Lizzy's first trip to the museum and she is very excited to see the dinosaur exhibit! Most of the large

dinosaurs

died millions of years ago, so all we have left of these incredible creatures are fossilized skeletons like this one of a Tyrannosaurus rex. Let's imagine going back in time to

learn

about these incredible ancient animals! Dinosaurs are cool! They were some of the largest creatures that ever existed and ruled the Earth for over 150 million years. We know

dinosaurs

lived a long time ago, but how long ago was it?

It was so long ago that humans didn't even exist yet! Most of the large dinosaurs became extinct about 66 million years ago. An animal becomes extinct when it no longer exists anywhere in the world. Let's try to imagine what it was like 66 million years ago. Let's build a timeline that extends to the sky. We'll put today at the bottom and 66 million years ago at the top. The average human life expectancy is about 70 years. In this timeline, if we go back in time 70 years, before most of our grandparents were born, that would be just a sheet of paper. 5,000 years ago, which is the beginning of recorded human history, you would only have 71 sheets of paper.

Modern humans like you and me have been around for about 200,000 years, so in this timeline, that would only be 28 centimeters tall. But if the big dinosaurs went extinct 66 million years ago, that would be equivalent to a stack of paper 94 meters high! That's 1 meter taller than the Statue of Liberty! Wow, that was many lifetimes ago! Remember that each sheet of paper represents 70 years ago on our timeline. Not only that, but humans have only been around for a small amount of time compared to dinosaurs. Dinosaurs appeared about 235 million years ago. In our timeline, that would be a stack of paper 10 meters taller than the Eiffel Tower!

So dinosaurs ruled the Earth for so long, and humans have only existed for this long. So humans are definitely the new

kids

on the block, and we appeared long after the dinosaurs became extinct. Dinosaurs came in all shapes and sizes. Some were quite small, like this velociraptor that was less than six feet long. Deinonychus was a medium-sized dinosaur, about 11 feet long. Then, of course, there were the BIG dinosaurs! The Triceratops was as big as a medium-sized school bus, measuring about 30 feet long and weighing the same. Ha ha, imagine riding one of these to school! That might get some attention!

Tyrannosaurus rex (or T-Rex for short) was as long as a fire truck, including the grand ladder! That's 40 feet long! Long before T-Rex and Triceratops appeared, there were huge sauropod dinosaurs like this Brachiosaurus. It would have been as big as an excavator with two giant arms. That's 69 feet long! The largest land animal living in the world today is the mighty African savannah elephant. Look how small it is compared to these ancient giants! Let's

learn

some interesting facts about two of these dinosaurs: Triceratops and T-Rex. Triceratops was a strong and robust dinosaur. It was herbivorous, that is, it only ate plants.

But even though they didn't eat meat, they were still very dangerous and had some of the best defensive adaptations in the history of the world. Both Triceratops and T-Rex lived during the Cretaceous period, the last period of the great dinosaurs. A

triceratops

would have been an excellent meal for a hungry T-Rex, but it was too risky to take on a Triceratops. It had a unique ball joint to connect its head to its neck, giving it the ability to quickly move its head in any direction, along with those dangerous horns. And unlike the relatively soft horns of a rhinoceros which are made of keratin like our fingernails, the two horns of a Triceratops skull are solid bones, so they were very strong.

Those huge horns would have made any predator think twice about attacking a Triceratops, but the large bony frill at the back of the skull would also have protected the Triceratops' neck from any attacker brave enough to try. However, scientists now believe that the prominent horns and frills on the Triceratops skull were primarily used for courtship and other social displays, so perhaps there weren't many dinosaurs reckless enough to try a Triceratops in battle after all. This is Tyrannosaurus rex. King of the Cretaceous carnivores. A carnivore is an animal that only eats meat. The name Tyrannosaurus rex means "king of the tyrant lizards" and the name is well deserved.

It was one of the largest carnivores in the world. As far as dinosaurs go, the T-Rex was probably very intelligent. Its brain was twice as large as that of other giant carnivores. The T-Rex had the strongest bite force of any land animal. It had a bite force of

more

than 8,000 pounds of force. That's like the weight of 3 small cars pressing down on each bite of the T-Rex's powerful jaws, which were lined with sharp, banana-sized teeth up to 8 inches long. Its bite was powerful enough to break bones, which gave the T-Rex a special advantage over other dinosaurs, as it could obtain additional nutrition within the bones and consume every bit of its prey.

The T-Rex had a highly developed sense of smell and could smell its prey from great distances. Based on impressions left inside the T-Rex skulls, scientists discovered that, compared to the size of their brains, their olfactory bulbs were very large: that is the

part

of the brain used for smell. This means that the T-Rex's sense of smell was probably as good or better than that of a bloodhound, which has one of the best senses of smell in the animal kingdom. T-Rex also had excellent vision. Its eyes pointed forward, giving it 3D vision even better than modern eagles and it could possibly see prey at distances of up to 6 km.

All of these things combined—excellent vision, an incredible sense of smell, a large brain, and the most powerful bite of any land animal—made Tyrannosaurus Rex one of the most formidable carnivores the world has ever seen. I hope you enjoyed learning about dinosaurs and that you find them as interesting as I do! Thank you to all of our amazing Patreon patrons for your support of our show. Special thanks to our Super Brainiacs: Leland, Gavin, Mason and Michael H. Plus these awesome fire truck level Brainiacs: Mason James, Clay, JR, Thomas & Clara, Dougal, Emma, ​​Cole and Graham, Kasper, Henry T, PJ, Jerome, Sean P, Lincoln, Fen, Alex S and special thanks to Wilder and Monroe.

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