Naming Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals Introduction

This is an

introduction

to

naming

ionic

compounds

with

transition

metals

. Transition

metals

are the elements in this part of the periodic table and when we write the name of an

ionic

compound that contains

transition

metals, those names usually have Roman numerals in the middle, so in this video we will learn how to take the formula of a compound containing a transition metal and how to write its name with Roman numerals and everything related to transition metals transition metals are the elements in this part of the periodic table here and I have written about some of the most common ones.

I'm also going to talk about some of the metals here that are not technically transition metals but act very similar to them. These metals are unique because many of them are capable. to produce multiple ions with different charges, for example Fe iron, for example, can produce an Fe 2 plus ion, but it can also produce an Fe 3 plus ion. Well, this is different for metals, for example, which tend to always produce ions with the same charge as sodium, for example, is in this +1 column here, so when sodium is not in an ionic compound, always forms an ion with a charge of 1 plus.

The magnesium here is in this 2 plus column, so when it's in an ionic compound. forms a 2 plus ion, but transition metals can produce a wide variety of different ions with different charges, some of them can even produce 4 or 5 different ions, each with a different charge, so these different charges on the Transition metals really come into play when we want them to. to name a compound that contains a transition, here we have fecl3 and for FE, iron, we can't immediately tell just by looking at this whether the Fe is Fe 2 plus or whether it is Fe 3 plus, we have these two different ones. types of ions that Fe can produce now we can distinguish between these two ions using Roman numerals to give them different names, so we call the Fe 2 plus ion iron 2 with the Roman numeral for 2 in parentheses, we call the Fe 3 plus ion that iron 3 with a Roman numeral for 3 in parentheses and we will use these ion names when we want to name the entire compound, so if the FE here turns out to be Fe 2 plus, we will call this compound iron 2 chloride and if this iron is iron 3 and we will call the compound iron 3 chloride, so to know if we are talking about iron 2 chloride or iron 3 chloride here we have to do a little math and work backwards to determine which of these two charges the iron in this particular compound, let me show you how to do it, to find the charge of a transition metal, we start by focusing on the ion with a charge that we know for sure is not going to change and for this. that will be CL CL is in this column here in the periodic table, so we know that in an ionic compound CL always forms an ion with a charge of 1 minus, so we have CL 1 minus now, how much total negative charge do we have?

Here we have 3 CL, so it will be 1 2 3 and since we have 3 of them, the total amount of negative charge will be 3 less. Now, in an ionic compound, the negative charge always has to be balanced by a positive one. charge, so if we have 3 less on this side we have to have 3 more on this side, so what is the charge on iron? Well, there's an iron ion in this compound, which means that all the positive charge has to be on this island, which means its charge is Fe three plus, okay, so one more Fe 3 ion gives us three more charge that must be balanced with the three, here, that is distributed among the 3 CL less, that's how we calculate. remove the charge on I and since this is iron three or more, the name of this compound will be iron 3 and then 4 CL when CL when chlorine becomes a negative ion we call it chloride, the IDE is usually added to the name of a element when it becomes a negative ion, then the chloride is what we call CL one, so iron 3 chloride is the name of this compound.

We had to work backwards and calculate the charge of the iron and then we can call it iron 3, so if you want to get really good at

naming

compounds

with transition metals and using the Roman numerals and all that, you just have to have a lot of practice, so I made another video that's just a bunch of practice problems on how to name ionic compounds with transition metals, but before you review that, I want to talk about a couple of important things. The first thing I want to talk about is when we use Roman numerals for naming and when we don't, this confuses many students.

So when do we use Roman numerals? Well, we use Roman numerals when we name compounds that contain transition metals, so here are 3 compounds that contain transition metals and as you can see, we use these Roman numerals and we use the Roman numerals because copper, iron and vanadium are transition metals which means they can produce multiple ions with different charges, so we need to pin down the specific ion we're talking about in each of these compounds, so we put this one here to say we're talking about copper 1 plus. Because copper could produce other ions, we're talking about iron 3 and here we're talking about vanadium 4 plus because they could be a variety of different ions, on the other hand, we don't use Roman numerals when we name compounds. that do not contain transition metals that contain, for example, the metals here, take potassium iodide, for example, potassium K is in this column, it is in column one more, which means that in an ionic compound potassium it always forms an ion with a charge of 1 plus, which is the only option it can only be one plus, so we don't need to put a roman numeral in there to specify that it is 1 plus because that is the only option that could be calcium nitride here, calcium is in this 2 plus column and only one ion with a charge of two plus can be produced in an ionic compound, so again we don't need a Roman numeral to say that because there is only one option and that is 2 Plus.

Now the aluminum here can only produce one 3 plus ion, so there's no need to use Roman numerals with aluminum either and I should point out that some of these metals here that are not technically transition metals can still produce ions with different charges, so so we have to use Roman numerals when naming compounds with tin and lead. They do too, but here's a great point: if you're naming compounds with ions that can form different charges, you always need the Roman numerals, but don't put them in if you're naming compounds with metals that can only form one charge.

Not only is it a waste of time to put those Roman numerals, but it's wrong, you just shouldn't put them there. Now we have to use this method of working backwards to name compounds that contain most of the transition metals and we also have to Use this method to name compounds that contain metals like tin or lead that are capable of producing more than one type of ion, but there are two important exceptions and I need to tell you about these are silver AG and zinc Xion, although these two elements are Transition metals can only produce one type of ion, so silver AG always produces a g1 plus , it is always a plus and only one more.

Zink you don't have to do any calculations, you don't have to use a Working Back Approach, you just call it silver chloride ZN CL. It's super easy here, we just call it zinc chloride and since these elements always produce ions with a single charge, we don't have to use the Roman numerals when we name them, so it would be incorrect to call this silver chloride or silver chloride. zinc 2. There is only one possible ion here, so we don't use the Roman numerals, we only use the Roman numerals if we are trying to distinguish between multiple types of ions with different charges, so it is an

introduction

to how we name compounds that have metals of transition and in the next video we'll do a bunch of practice problems so you can really master it.

This is one of the things you will get better and better at with more Practice, so watch that video. You will get very good at it very quickly.