Mind-Blowing Facts About Space

Less than a hundred miles above our heads lies an endless universe that is vaster than we could ever comprehend, but it is far from empty, but filled with incredible phenomena that our feeble brains can barely comprehend. Can you understand the existence of things like stars within stars, planets? made of diamonds black holes the size of an atom or even white holes before you

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out let me bring you back to Earth with information about the great starry expanse that will really blow your

mind

the Earth is not round You have probably seen photos of the earth taken from

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showing that our planet is undeniably round, but appearances can be deceiving because this big blue marble is not a perfect sphere and before all the flat earthers say no, it is not a pancake either as the planet spins creates a centrifugal force that is greatest at the equator and almost zero at its poles because the Earth's mass is distributed unevenly within it.

The force drags the equatorial section of the Earth outward. This gives the Earth a slightly squashed appearance, almost as if someone had accidentally sat on it. However, it is so small that if you compared the Earth's diameter at the poles to the equator you would only see a 0.3 percent larger latitudinal bulge, yet it is still a 26-mile hump that is almost twice as large. distance from the top of Mount Everest. to the deepest parts of the Mariana Trench. Wow, that's almost as big a lie those flat earthers tell themselves before the flat earth army descends. In the comments section of this video, help me fight back by hitting the Like and Subscribe buttons with just one click.

The thumbs up button gives this video more Like a flat earther has IQ points so don't do it just for me do it in the name of science the sun doesn't burn if any of you have been outside recently, if the pandemic has allowed it. You probably felt the warm rays of the sun shining on your face, but despite the undeniable heat it emits, this giant ball of hot gas isn't actually burning—that's because the term burning refers to a chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of electrons in an atom. So, the element itself does not change, but the arrangement of its electrons does.

However, our sun, which is primarily made up of hydrogen and helium gases, uses a process called nuclear fusion which means that instead of atoms rearranging, the very nature of the element changes rather than burning up. hydrogen the sun converts gigantic amounts of it into helium and energy, to such an extent that it releases approximately 300 million tons of energy per minute, which should be equivalent to exploding 100 billion tons of dynamite per second, according to NASA. of a big bang, but this An immense reaction requires an astronomical amount of heat and pressure, something like a pressure cooker the size of a star, except that the pressure in this cooker is equal to 250 billion times that of the Earth's atmosphere, raising the temperature at its core to a staggering 30 million degrees Fahrenheit.

It may not be burning, but a galactic stove that produces this much heat is certainly one I'd like to keep away from the heaviest thing in the solar system, although it's converting more and more of its finite fuel source into energy, the sun is still the heaviest. thing in our solar system and by no means a small amount, it contains a whopping 99.85 percent of the total mass of the solar system in comparison, the eight planets combined constitute a measly 0.135, but wait, didn't I tell you before that it is Made up of gases like hydrogen and helium, how can light vapors weigh more than traditional solids?

Well, the crushing pressure that forms this ball of red-hot gas condenses most of the gas particles together in its core, although the core makes up only two percent of its total volume. It has a density that is about 15 times that of lead, meaning it makes up a staggering half of the sun's total mass, so while it only has a diameter that is 109 times that of the Earth, weighs about 333,000 times as much, I'm sure there's an opportunity for a classic your mom joke out there somewhere, the heaviest star in the universe, our sun may be incredibly heavy, but if it were preparing for a physical fight against the other stars in our universe, he would be thrown into the lightweight category worldwide.

The ring topping the super heavyweight list would be the colossal but uninspiring name r136a1, although it doesn't sound very imposing. This giant star is estimated to weigh 315 times more than our sun, from some perspective it is almost 105 million Earths, but what is it? That's what gives this star its super heavy edge. Well, if you focused your telescopes about 163,000 light years from Earth, you could feast your eyes on the horrible Tarantula Nebula, where you would see a bright Wolf Riot star. It is a rare kind of star that carries enormous amounts of ionized helium, carbon and nitrogen.

It is these super heavy elements that give the giant star its unimaginable mass and its intense brightness, so intense that if it were compared side by side with our sun, it would outshine it as much as our sun eclipses the moon. That being said, I think we can all agree that, compared to R136a1, our sun really has no weight in this competition, the largest star in the universe, R136a1 may be incredibly heavy, but it is actually quite small, with a diameter of only 35 times. Bigger than our sun, she's more like Michelle to the Beyonce of the universe, and while Beyonce may be the biggest star in the world, Scooty is the biggest star known to man.

It's so

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-

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ly big, compared to our son on a computer screen. It's barely a pixel, but if it's so big, how come it doesn't constantly blind us? Fortunately for our eyes, it is located in the scutum constellation of the Milky Way galaxy, about 5,219 light years from Earth, but even though it is so far away, its size is incredible. makes it stand out from the small group of stars around it, that's because ui scooty beats the tape measure with a radius that is a staggering 1700 times larger than that of our sun, giving it a diameter of almost 1, 47 billion miles wide, so even if you were to travel at the speed of a rocket, which is a blistering 4.9 miles per second, it would still take you almost a decade to pass or, if you prefer ground vehicles, a nonstop travel at 50 miles per hour would allow you to reach the other side in an inconceivable 3,371 years I wonder what would wear out your tires or your sanity first planet 9 If you traveled beyond all the known planets in our solar system, you would reach cold space and dark, spiky known as the Kuiper belt, unlike the orderly circular orbits of our planets.

Large objects in the Kuiper belt have trajectories that look a little crooked at best, while they all still orbit the Sun, More distant objects can be seen to move clumsily in one direction, but according to the principles of astrophysics, this inequality should be impossible. However, scientists recently theorized that their crooked trajectories could have meaning, that is, if there is a huge undiscovered planet swinging in the opposite direction to balance them, according to their calculations, this ninth planet would have to be about 10 times larger. Earth's mass, considering its size, you may be wondering why we haven't detected it through our telescopes yet, but that can be explained by its mind-

blowing

orbit in perspective.

The farthest known planet from our sun is Neptune, at a staggering distance of 2.8 billion miles. It orbits the sun once every 165 years, but Planet 9's orbit would be 20 times that distance. It would take between 10,000 and 20,000 astronomical years to make a single trip around the sun, but without concrete images from satellites or telescopes, this ghost planet remains purely theoretical. Do you think planet x exists? Let me know in the comments the number of stars by counting each star in the sky sounds like an endless task, but with a little meth it's not too difficult to calculate how long this astronomical mission would take.

Let's start at the galaxy level, ours, to be precise, some calculations indicate that our galaxy, the Milky Way, contains between 100 and 400 billion stars, using it as a starting point. Next, we need to calculate how many galaxies there are in the universe, since we don't. I don't know how big the universe really is, this is a colossal question, however an astronomer called David Kornwreck has proposed a rough estimate of around 10 trillion different galaxies, multiply that by our estimate of 100 billion stars per galaxy. and you will get approximately one septillion stars. that's one with 24 zeros and a bunch of stardust behind it, so now that we have a number, how long do you think it would take you to count every star in the sky?

Well, assuming you counted one per second, you'd keep track. 31 billion years to identify them all, no matter how impossible that mission may seem. I think we just discovered what might be NASA's coolest job. Fascinating supernovae no matter how ethereal they may seem. Stars don't last forever and when they die they go out. A true explosion, these astronomical explosions are called supernovas, involve massive stars at least eight times the mass of our sun that consume enormous amounts of hydrogen in their cores. The energy this produces generates intense outward pressure that prevents the star from collapsing under its influence. own colossal gravity, but when the star runs out of fuel, gravity finally wins against the pressure and the star collapses in on itself, it happens so suddenly that it would be like watching something with a million times the mass of the Earth collapse in just 15 seconds, as you can see.

In this NASA animation, the shock waves this produces destroy the outer layer of the doomed star, but unlike what you imagined, they don't always explode so spherically as proof, just take a look at supernova 1987a located about 160 thousand light years from Earth later. It exploded in 1987. Researchers were surprised to discover that instead of the spherical blast they expected, the explosion had been faster and stronger in different directions, making the resulting blast look like a bow tie from one direction and Sauron's eye. from another. Do you see? Strange black holes While the remains of some supernovae seem otherworldly, others can leave behind something truly nightmare-inducing.

If the remaining stellar cores of huge exploded stars no longer have the external force of thermal pressure opposing their gravity, then the core collapses. In itself, this impossible-sounding event is what we know as a black hole; However, it is not the same as watching a building collapse because a star collapses in on itself; its rapidly shrinking surface approaches a point called the event horizon; This is the threshold where the speed needed to escape the gravity of the collapsing star exceeds the speed of light, meaning that anything traveling less than 186,000 miles per second is pulled and consumed by this gravity. constantly collapsing without the light time around it slowing down to the rate its observers maintain, so this means it's an infinitely collapsing object frozen forever in time, but what exactly do they look like?

You've probably seen movies where black holes are depicted as planet-sized voids, but what if I told you they could get much bigger than that? 10.4 One billion light years away, in the bright cluster 85, the black hole known as tun 618 is estimated to have a mass 66 times that of our sun, and with great mass comes great size, which means that This black hole has a final diameter of more than 242 billion miles for perspective that is 2606 times the distance from the Earth to the Sun, it is not surprising that it falls into the sinister category of ultramassive black hole, but if that incomprehensible scale bothers you jaw-dropping, then shift your attention to the other end of the size spectrum, unlike Stars' black holes have no limit to how small they can be.

That said, scientists believe that a black hole can be as small as a single atom, the smallest unit of ordinary matter that exists, but don't let them fool you, even at this size, a black hole. The hole would have a relative mass as large as a mountain, so unless you think you can take on Everest in a fist fight, I would stay away from these miniature spaces - they are actually strange white holes, while theBlack holes monopolize all the attention, their neglected white twins. holes barely have any airtime, that's right, white holes are, as their name suggests, the theoretical opposites of black holes, as I mentioned above, black holes have gravitational boundaries that can prevent almost anything from escaping long after After some physicists tinkered with mathematics in the 1970s, they came to the conclusion that there could be an opposing entity that prevented something from entering, so that while a black hole gobbles up matter, a white hole spews out matter, it would be an object. incredibly bright and energetic that would blast energy into the dead of space at astonishing speed. rate, but how on earth would they form well?

Fortunately, not on Earth all paths of this theory point to them forming the opposite of their black hole brothers, so instead of collapsing on themselves, a super dense singularity would vomit matter until it assembled. in a star, however, this violates several fundamental rules of physics and since no white holes have been detected in the known universe, they remain purely theoretical and say that black holes were also just a theory until 1971 and that was just 50 years ago, maybe in the next. 50 a rogue white hole will shed some light on matter brilliant showers in some parts of the world rain is incredibly precious, but on the outer planets of our systems it is priceless not because it is rare but because it literally rains diamonds.

This incredible event begins in the atmospheres of gas giants such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. All four planets have atmospheres that contain large amounts of methane. During thunderstorms, electrical energy converts methane into soot that builds up and hardens into chunks of graphite as the chunks become heavier and are blown away. knocked down by the planet's gravity and the ever-increasing pressure of its atmosphere, as they fall, carbon atoms are compressed into diamonds of incredible sizes; some of the largest measure about a centimeter in diameter on planets like Saturn. These storms are so frequent that around 1,100 tons of these dazzling stones fall. to the surface every year or for perspective, enough to create a gala outfit for jlo by the look of this ott outfit the planet of diamonds when it comes to planets that feature large amounts of diamonds, the giants gases mentioned above can be set aside for 55 cancri e After the discovery of this super-Earth in the Can Creek constellation in 2004, scientists began to analyze its composition and estimated that this carbon-rich planet has a mass eight times greater than the of the Earth and a radius only twice as wide.

The planet must be made of dense carbon compounds like graphite and extraordinarily diamonds, but it wasn't just a few necklaces that scientists theorized that a thick layer of pure diamonds line the inner layers of the planet, making up a staggering third of its mass. In fact, if it were valued for its diamond content alone, it would probably be worth about $26.9 million, that's 26.9 followed by 29 zeros, although it sounds like an ultra-rich utopia, no? There's literally nothing good about it, in fact the surface temperature reaches a melting blush of 3,900 degrees Fahrenheit the inhospitable environment makes this planet an extraterrestrial diamond in the rough the hexagonal hurricane in school you probably learned that the most surprising feature of Saturn was its impressive set of rings, but if you look closer you'll see an even more mind-blowing side to this planet—or six, to be precise—at the north pole of this serene gas giant, a massive hexagonal storm rages constantly.

It was first discovered in 1988 in images from the Voyager probes and additional visits by the Cassini probe. in 2004 has revealed inconceivable details about the six-sided storm from thermal images. Researchers estimate it is approximately 20,000 miles wide and 60 miles deep with winds whipping at approximately 220 miles per hour, but how do all of these elements fit together to produce a perfect polygon? After all, the universe is not normally built in such straight lines. Using all this information, the researchers attempted to recreate the strangely shaped storm in computer simulations by adding small perturbations to the planet's eastward airflow around the north pole and found that the currents pushed each other. another and meandered in a hexagonal shape.

I guess the universe wasn't taking shortcuts when it caused this phenomenon. Incredible aurorae Have you ever witnessed the largest light show on Earth? And no, I'm not talking about Americans who light up their crazy Christmas displays so bright. And for their striking appearance, they will never compare to the all-natural illuminations of the North Pole. Like waves of emerald green ribbons, the lights of the Northern Lights dance across the night sky, although these delights for the eyes are best seen at night. . Caused by the sun, the green fringes form when solar winds, which are high-speed electrified particles released by the sun, collide with the Earth's magnetic field, some of the particles travel along the magnetic field lines towards the geomagnetic poles of the earth, here the particles are trapped and begin to collide with the atoms in our atmosphere releasing energy in the form of light, oxygen releases red and green light, while the hydrogen and helium atoms glow purple and blue, but auroras are not just something that happens on earth, in fact, these solar winds can also travel very far.

Planets like Jupiter Using an ultraviolet camera, the Hubble telescope was able to capture the gas giant's immensely active auroras in 2016. This is because Jupiter's magnetic field is 20,000 times stronger than Earth's, making its Aurora is so expansive that it can cover areas larger than our entire planet and it is not just Jupiter that eclipses Earth in the field of auroras. Saturn also sports some ribbons of bright auroras around its poles captured through Hubble's ultraviolet lens in 2018. These appear to be blue; However, previous data collected by the Cassini probe indicated that for humans. Mind you, those ribbons actually look red and purple now that we've explored the auroras of Earth, Jupiter and Saturn, which one do you think has the most amazing illuminations?

Cast your vote in the comments below and let's see who wins. Doll stars, one would think that the universe is big enough for each star to have plenty of room, but according to Thorn Zeitgow's theory, some stars have no personal boundaries, but rather exist within other larger stars, like dolls. Russians that nest, as impossible as it may seem. There are two main theories that can explain this phenomenon and neither of them involves removing the top. The largest begins with a binary system where two stellar bodies are gravitationally bound. The more massive of the two stars explodes in a supernova, leaving behind a small ultra-dense one. remnant called a neutron star over time the remaining stellar body evolves into a red supergiant and slowly expands if it does the neutron star will spiral towards the supergiant center where it will settle into the hot gaseous shell of its host a bit like a cosmic parasite another scenario theorizes that energy from an explosive supernova could propel the neutron star toward the red supergiant, sort of like kicking a soccer ball into a goal if the ball weighed as much as two children and the goal was a scorching temperature. of seven thousand 7640 degrees Fahrenheit. pity that poor janitor weird sunset in 2015 the Curiosity rover sent photos of a blue sunset sky on Mars that's blue but during the day these same skies are orange it's the exact opposite of Earth so how the hell should I say Mars ?

This works well, the sky on Earth is blue because the molecules that make up our atmosphere partially block sunlight and scatter it across the sky, but they are much better at scattering the shorter wavelengths of blue light than the longer wavelengths of red light, however, during a sunset. Sunlight travels through so much atmosphere that most of the blue light is scattered leaving stunning reds or oranges. However, it works a little differently on Mars, the red planet has a much thinner atmosphere that is filled with the more commonly known iron oxide dust. Like rust, it is this dust that gives the planet its distinctive red color during the day, red light is scattered through these particles making the sky appear red or orange, but at nightfall the density of the dust scatters the most Some of the red light i.e. the shorter wavelengths of blue light can pass through giving the setting sun that amazing indigo halo, which is why sunsets look great through different atmospheres, unless you are Trapped on Venus, this hellishly volcanic planet has an atmosphere so thick you couldn't even see the sun through it.

Try it in 1981, the Soviet Venera probe sent back these images from the surface of Venus. The sky is a toxic yellow hue thanks to all the clouds of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid clogging the atmosphere, so a sunset on Venus would look like this. It's a bit like turning down the light switch in the most garishly painted room in the world, but what about planets without any atmosphere, like mercury, without molecules to scatter light? The sky would actually look very similar to the sky of our Moon, that is, completely. black, both day and night, Houston, I think we may have discovered the homeworld of the Goths, which of these amazing space

facts

really blew your mind, let me know in the comments below and thanks for watching.