Understanding the Principle and Operation of an Airplane's Hydraulic System!

hello this is ten today we will be talking about

hydraulic

s in an

airplane

first lets see what is a

hydraulic

system

this is a

system

that uses pressurized hydraulic fluid for the movement of different components of an

airplane

these components could include flight controls landing its extension and retraction and the brakes now let's see the

principle

of the hydraulic system the

operation

of this system is based on Pascal's law to understand this law let's consider a closed container that is filled with hydraulic fluid according to Pascal's law if a pressure is acting on this fluid it will be transmitted equally in all directions and will act perpendicular to the surface of the container now let's look at the application of Pascal's law first we consider a force acting on the fluid in this section let this force be one thousand pounds the area of cross section at this section is one square inch, pressure is defined as force times area, so so we get the pressure in this section as thousands of pounds per square inch or thousand psi now let's consider another section here that has the same cross sectional area of ​​one square inch the pressure would be the same thousand psi therefore the force we get in this section it would be a thousand pounds now lets increase the area in this section to two square inches the pressure is again a thousand psi but if we calculate the force we get two thousand pounds so for the same pressure just increasing the area we can increase the force in this part of the container.

This is called as the stress end where the pressure has to be created is called the load end which can be connected to different components that need to move by changing the area at the load end the force is changed as per the requirement with this

principle

now let's look at the aircraft hydraulic system reviewing the components that make up the system each hydraulic system must have a reservoir holstee hydraulic fluid reservoir that we only needed for the em system this is the supply line that supplies the required fluid this is the return line in the fluid returns to the reservoir the reservoir can be pressurized so that a positive flow is maintained in the supply line pressurization can be done by taking leaded air from the engine or APU the next component we will look at is the pumps the pumps are used to pressurize the hydraulic fluid, the pump could be motor driven or it could be an electrically operated pump.

Typically a hand pump can be provided in the event that the motors and electrical supply are not available during normal

operation

of the pump, it must be able to deliver fluid at constant pressure, the next component we will look at is the filters, the filters are They are used to remove any particles or impurities from the fluid, this is important because it prevents damage to the hydraulic system. Only the supply line, the return line, and also before critical components such as the fluid enters and leaves the filter, impurities in the filter can be installed. fl uid collects in the filter the next component we will look at are valves valves are used to control and regulate the flow of fluid there are different types of valves that are used for different functions first we will look at check valves the check valve allows fluid to flow in one direction only if the fluid enters this side it is allowed to flow to the other side but if fluid enters this side the check valve closes and fluid cannot flow to the other side next In the shut-off valve, this valve shuts off hydraulic fluid to the system during emergencies, such as a fire leak or failure in the bomb When this valve closes, it prevents fluid from entering or leaving the valves.

Next, we will look at pressure reducing valves. This valve is used to reduce the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a particular line if the fluid enters here in this line the fluid will have the same pressure but in this line the pressure will be less then we are going to see valve selector this valve changes the direction of the pressurized fluid this is done by rotating the valve depending on which side the pressurized fluid is required the next component we will look at is the actuator it is used to convert hydraulic pressure into mechanical action if the fluid enters here the piston in the actuator moves in this direction and fluid from the other side is sent back to the reservoir similarly if fluid enters this side the piston moves in this direction and fluid from the other side is returned to the reservoir reservoir this actuator can be connect to primary or secondary flight controls landing gear brakes and nose wheel steering the next component we will look at is e The accumulator The accumulator contains pressurized hydraulic fluid The fluid and air inside the accumulator are separated by a diaphragm The accumulator is used to provide fluid at constant pressure to the actuators whenever there is high demand and sufficient pressure Sure is not available.

It is also the last source of pressure during emergencies, such as pump failure. Command the pressure in the supply line to drop. All of these components make up a basic hydraulic system used in an airplane. To complete the system, you must have a return. line that has a separate filter to prevent any impurities from entering the tank the advantages of this system are that it can be used to operate different components it is easy to install and provides feed that constant movement of the components operated by it the fluid that is used must have a high boiling point and a low freezing point and must flow freely under all operating conditions thanks for watching and please subscribe