Paleontologist Answers Dinosaur Questions From Twitter | Tech Support | WIRED

I am a

paleontologist

sans seuss today I will answer your

questions

from

twitter

this is dino's

support

in tokaji sensuna us what is the scariest

dinosaur

? I think the scariest looking

dinosaur

would have been the spinosaurus simply because it had this huge sail on its back, but I think here in the states the t-rex is definitely people's favorite here it's part of a t-tooth rex the largest tooth, including the root, measures up to about seven or eight inches long these cutting edges are serrated like a steak knife t-rex ate the entire prey, we have t-rex fossil droppings and they show us that He ate the meat and bones, ground them up like some big crocodiles do today at Rickeydell.

Scientifically and historically speaking question, how do we know what dinosaurs sounded like? Surely the sounds that the movies have taught us are just guesses. No, in fact, it's just guesswork. In fact, it's very likely that dinosaurs were much quieter than people think. Birds sing, but most reptiles don't make many sounds except. for hisses and growls, so we thought dinosaurs would have done things like that, but certainly not this lion roar that Hollywood wants us to believe ev4 n2 k4 when he dies and goes to heaven. The first thing I ask God is what Jurassic Park did. wrong Jurassic Park was made as an entertaining film, not as a scientific documentary, the star of the films are the birds of prey, here is a real skull of an adult velociraptor, the filmmakers decided that it looked too insignificant and, strangely, they needed something more big shortly after this. was filmed, people found a really gigantic raptor in Utah and other giant raptors have since been found in South America and Asia, so there were giant raptors around, but they were actually much bigger than the ones in the movie.

The film states that -rex could only detect prey through movement; In fact, when we studied the brain of a t-rex we found that it had very large olfactory bulbs, which are the part of the brain that collects information from the nose, it had a very large opening for the optic nerve, which is the nerve that transmits information from the nose. eye to the brain and had a very complicated inner ear that allowed it to hear at least a wide range of low frequency sounds so it would have smelled the actors in front of its snout. and it would have been a very short movie, in fact, in emo hair, a western, how did the asteroid kill all the dinosaurs?

Doesn't an asteroid hit like a general area instead of the entire world? The asteroid theory is a very flat earth theory. flat earth the earth is a sphere what happened was when the asteroid hit it released the equivalent of a hundred million megatons of energy and this basically melted this huge asteroid that was six miles in diameter and this sent a gigantic cloud of glowing material towards the atmosphere, this would spread throughout the world. We see this even today when a volcano erupts. Volcanic dust spreads throughout the world. Imagine a world where drops of molten glass suddenly rain down, that's what was happening and basically all the largest animals at that time. died and that's why the dinosaurs were exterminated probably in a matter of hours at most in a matter of days in laurenberger us, how do you know what color the dinosaurs were?

For many years we really had no idea what color dinosaurs were, in fact people assumed that like many of the modern lizards, snakes, crocodiles, turtles, they would have been greenish brown and that is what you see on all of them. old books about dinosaurs. However, in recent years, thanks to some notable discoveries in China, we discovered what some dinosaurs looked like and it was a real eye-opener, we discovered that some of the small feathered dinosaurs actually had color patterns as vivid as those of modern birds. . There is a dinosaur called cow lung and it had beautiful iridescent feathers, so it would have looked like a big starling in nasty cloth.

So the world of dinosaurs was much more colorful than we previously thought. So why were dinosaurs so big back then, but now the animals are small? Scientists say that many dinosaurs were big but they were also small dinosaurs. In fact, there is a dinosaur that is just over two feet long. It was advantageous to be large for your particular way of life and there are some places on earth where roots are reversed, often on islands, generally large animals become dwarfs. About 15 million years ago there lived a gigantic hedgehog. on an island and in what is now Italy, in other parts of the Mediterranean there were little elephants running over us that would actually have been nice little pets if we had existed at the time, gods bless us, how many species of dinosaurs are there?

I want to know them all, there are currently around 1100 described species of dinosaurs other than birds, even very conservative estimates place a much higher number between 2000 and 5000 and there may have been even more. One important thing to note is that they are much closer in time to a Tyrannosaurus than a Tyrannosaurus is to a Stegosaurus. We have now classified these myriad species by looking at various parts of their skeleton. The most obvious part of the skeleton is the hip region when you look. the t-rex on my shoulder here you can see a waist hip that has three bones with the frontal bone the pubis pointing downwards worse in the so called birth point dinosaurs, which unfortunately is a misnomer since they had nothing to do with birds you get a hip region that has the pubic bone pointing backwards there are many more subtle anatomical differences but basically there are two large groups of dinosaurs the lizard hip dinosaurs also called soricians and the bird tipped dinosaurs called ornithischians in the clouds of lust ask why the t-rex had little arms that doesn't sit well with me for a dinosaur the t-rex had really small but very powerful arms and you can see this here in our pride and joy, no one really knows why why the t-rex has tiny arms, it has been calculated that the arms were still strong enough to lift up to 600 pounds of weight, earlier relatives of the t-rex still have longer arms, other predatory dinosaurs actually gain arms each longer and longer that eventually become bird wings into solar wings, since when were pterodactyls not dinosaurs, since always dinosaurs and Pterodactyls are related, but pterodactyls have nothing to do with dinosaurs.

They have an early common ancestor, but diverged in their evolution quite dramatically. Pterodactyls became flying creatures with wings very different from those of birds, whose dinosaurs were mostly land animals and only a few forms later. in evolved into birds that have very different looking wings, the appearance of the soldiers made the question of the day why the first mammals, birds and fish like the sturgeon etc. did not become extinct when the dinosaurs did. That is a very good question and in fact it is one of the great mysteries of paleontology. They are basically different life strategies.

Small animals can hide. Many small animals can also go a long time without food. Dinosaurs became extinct and only a group of dinosaurs survived the birds as I just said. They are dinosaurs because they descended from small carnivorous dinosaurs, just like us, we are primates because we descended from other types of primates. We now have a beautiful series of fossils that document all the stages between small predatory dinosaurs like that and birds that would have been recognizable. as a bird, for someone alive today, it is very rare that you get such a nice continuation of fossils between a group and a group that gave rise to tree boat paleo who would win in a fight chimera source o anato titan and nato titan and camarasaurus lived at very different points in time on an adult titan at the end of the Cretaceous period about 66 to 68 million years ago and the source of the chimera about 150 million years ago my money would be on camarosaur simply because the chimera became much older large, both flowers were harmless Plant Eaters, so I don't think they would have really fought each other in Harry Bud Cheek Earth.

What was the climate like when dinosaurs roamed? The world the dinosaurs lived in was generally quite warm, however at high latitudes where the sun disappeared for months at a time, it would have been quite cold and in fact we even have evidence from fossil salts that there were permafrost salts in some areas, but dinosaurs lived there, dinosaurs really could cover almost any environment you can imagine. We know essentially living dinosaurs. under subpolar conditions we know dinosaurs that lived in really tropical regions, we know dinosaurs that lived in deserts, so basically in a warm period of geological history they were everywhere in udonis haslam 69 us, what are the fossils like?

Well, fossils are one thing, they are real three-dimensional objects. Here is a limb bone from an ostrich-like dinosaur that is approximately 90 million years old. Basically what happens is that after death, minerals seeped into this bone from the groundwater around it and contained a large amount of iron. That's why it has this yellowish-brown color and gradually fills all the spaces in it. bone. Sometimes the actual bone is still quite preserved, but in most cases the bone has changed slightly, so it is no longer possible, for example. to extract biomolecules such as DNA in the arc 315 asks what dinosaur feathers dinosaur scale or had many feathers the size of a bird really gigantic dinosaurs generally did not have feathers we only know of one really large tyrannosaurus from China that lived in a very cold environment and they had feathers, most of the dinosaurs that we know had feathers, they were animals up to five or six feet long and they had feathers the size of a bird, and we know this because the bones have little bumps on them and you can see them when you take apart a chicken. , they are called pen notes and that is where the big flight falls into a bird insert in Mr. soak us.

Idea of ​​what the most intelligent dinosaur was like. Would they have used tools to build a shelter? How much could they understand about it? world, some of these little predatory dinosaurs have really big brains, they have kind of a bulging area here, much like what you would see on a bird's skull, so these little dinosaurs probably had cognitive abilities similar to what we see today in owls and particularly in crows. and crows crows and crows have repeatedly demonstrated their ability to solve relatively complex problems and some birds also have a minimal type of tool use and something like that is not beyond the possibility for these early dinosaurs as well as for biology Hell, when did they do it?

The first humans discovered that they were dinosaurs. I really want to know how we first discovered the giants. Giant giant dinosaurs inhabited the Earth. The first record we know of a definitive dinosaur dates back to the 17th century in England, when Robert Klotz described a part of one. thigh bone didn't know what to do with it compared it to legendary giants president thomas jefferson couldn't conceive of the fact that animals had become extinct even though he found fossils of extinct animals on his property in virginia he thought these animals still existed alive somewhere in the west and that was one of the reasons he sent the Lewis and Clark expeditions.

The Smithsonian got into the dinosaur business in the early 20th century and here is an old photograph that was taken in the 1930s. An excavation in progress. and you see people here cutting big blocks of rock that have bone in them and then they take them back to the laboratory where the real excavation begins, we can glue them back together, clean their surface and finally it is ready to study and display within half an hour stoned. We who come up with these dinosaur names, like What if a dinosaur was named Hank? Why do you have to make names so complicated?

The scientists who described the dinosaurs came up with the names. Each animal has a genus and species name, and in the case of dinosaurs. The name is the same, it is Tyrannosaurus Rex in that case it is actually one of the best names ever chosen for a dinosaur because the researcher wanted to portray it as the tyrannical creature that ruled its ecosystem and because of its large size it was called rex which means king He I have been very lucky that someone named me after a dinosaur. There is an animal called Han Sousa, which is a small dinosaur with a bone head.

I take it as a complimentambiguous that I was born for it, but it's kind of nice because it's kind. From you immortalizes ed mark bessen asks how the t-rex slept curled up like a chicken asking for a friend the t-rex presumably crouched down like many birds do when they rest, however, in reality we have found dinosaurs that were preserved in boros where they were presumably sleeping or at least hanging out and some of them are kind of curled up in paul garcía the nba asks how the brontosaurus weighed 23 tons when it only ate plants you have to imagine these dinosaurs probably spent every waking minute eating minutes The other reason why the brontosaurus It is so big that if you eat plants you have a big problem.

Much of the plant foods that animals and people eat are made of cellulose, so you need a very large intestine to house bacteria and other microorganisms that can break down the cellulose into fatty acids and sugars like glucose that the host animal actually can digest, so to be a full-time herbivore you need a really big intestine. Ed Allen Elegant asks if dinosaurs were cold-blooded or warm-blooded. I really have no idea, this has been a topic of scientific debate for many years, but we now think that dinosaurs have a combination of body temperature strategies. The small feathered dinosaurs were warm-blooded much like the birds descended, but some of the really large dinosaurs were actually.

Were they warm blooded or cold blooded because when you have a really big body mass and you live in a warm climate it doesn't really matter either way in r 3 i k o x us how long did dinosaurs live? about a million years ago or something, dinosaurs as a group first appeared 230 million years ago, most dinosaurs became extinct 66 million years ago, and of course their descendants, birds, which are also

tech

nically dinosaurs , fix this to this day, we don't know much about individual dinosaurs. life expectancy in the case of the t-rex, we have now discovered that the largest and oldest known t-rex was only about 30 years old when it died.

These dinosaurs apparently grew at an astonishing rate from the beginning and sort of died young and were gone at some point. cases an attractive corpse so those are all the

questions

for today. I really enjoyed watching them all and seeing the level of interest in dinosaurs thanks for seeing the

support

for dinosaurs.