IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry

property of the compound and of course its name so let's try to name this type so again we will apply the rule and look at the longest carbon chain and an important point to remember is that even the carbon of the functional group must be included in the count, okay, so that's five carbons including this one and we'll reverse that as well. number it so this functional group wasn't there it would have been a pentane right the compound would have been five carbon paint and there are only single bonds if we ignore the functional group so it would have been pentane but the rule is to remove the e and add the suffix in the name of this function group and it is an aldehyde, so we add to the, so what will be the name of this compound, then terminal and it is in position one, the smallest number, so it is basically Penton one eye or just fentanyl, it's clear, now let's take a look. in this compound, here we have three carbons and we will include the functional group carbon, so it is a three carbon chain, so the name will be propane, correct, if the functional group is ignored, but again the rule is to remove the letter e and add it for ketone, we need to add our own, so what will be the name that will be known correctly?

Now you might be thinking that we should include the number also correctly because the functional group is in position two, so you might be thinking that the name will be appropriate for possess or for Well known, but I know that the name is just well known, because a properly known propanone or three is not possible because if I move this ketone group to this side or this side, if it becomes the final carbon, what will it become? It will be an aldehyde, so the only possibility with three carbons is propanone, so we just write it as it is known now, let's take a look at this example.

I have written this in condensed form because the whole structure with the hydrogens is not expanded here again, you have to look for the functional group and you can see it, it is COOH, so this is a carboxylic acid. I'm going to just write acid here and again, let's count all the carbons in our longest carbon chain to have five carbons and remember that we need to include the carbon in the functional group as well and let's reverse the number eight here, okay, so if we ignore the functional group, the name would have been repressed because five carbons and they all have single bonds between the carbons, so it would have been pentane, but the name of this functional group will be comes in the suffix and for acid will be the suffix which will be weak acid which is added, so we're going to remove the e and add weak acid here, so what is the name of this compound?

It will be pentanoic acid, right? and we don't have to give the position of this functional group because it is in position 1, so it is Penton 1 oak acid or simply pentanoic acid. Now let's say we have chlorine here, so I'm going to remove an edge and we're going to add a chlorine here, so what is the name of this compound B? It is basically a pentanoic acid and the halogen comes in the prefix so it would be a chloropentanoic acid but we need to do the numbering right so what number should we choose if Look at the smaller number we will think about writing it as 2-chloropentanoic acid , but that is the wrong answer.

Let me explain why, because in this compound you can see that there are two functional groups, an acid and a halogen, and then there is an important priority. order that we should follow, so let me write the priority list here, so what is the priority list that you need to know? We have top priority actives, so that's co h, then we have aldehydes, followed by ketones and then alcohols. then you have the triple bond, double bond, and then you have the halogens, things like chlorobromine, and then you have the alkynes, things like methylethyl, so these are the top priority, so this is our priority list here and the main ones are has the highest priority that however and this one has the lowest priority and it's easy to remember is that this one has the most atoms one two three four so that's the highest priority here this one has three this one has two and this one it has no carbon and you I know that in

organic

chemistry

carbon is king, so that's alcohol, then you have the triple and double bond followed by this halogen functional group and then the Al Qaeda one, and remember these guys were added as a prefix in the name, so the prefix, mates, comes down to the priority list and all of this affects the name suffix, so you can write down this important priority list and the numbering will be based on that, so Let's apply this to our compound here, so we have acid and a halogen, according to our priority.

The acid on the list has the highest priority, so it wants position number one, so we should follow this numbering scheme, not this one, and the halogen is in position 4, so basically, what is this compound? It is a 4 chloro Penton 1 auric acid so we can simply write to us that instead of 2-chloro it will be a 4 chloro pent an but I won't write one because it is not necessary so it will be only for chloro pentanoic acid so this is Something important that we have learned is that when there are several functional groups, we need to apply a priority list to determine the numbering.

Here is another example. Why don't you pause the video and try typing the UI package name for this one? So what's the answer you got? to Ethel and three metals one two three four five six hexane So, this is your answer. Actually this answer is wrong. So what is the correct answer? Let's take a closer look. If you look closely, this is not the longest continuous carbon chain. Because? one has six carbons, but if you keep going like this, can you see that there will be two, three, four, five, six, seven carbons, so the longest continuous carbon chain is this one, so it's easier if we expand this and we write it as on the right, so we just expand?

There's a tile there for you and let's number our longest carbon chain here, so four five six seven and again back one two three four five six seven, so this is not basically your hexane, it's a heptane, right? and what are the attachments in front of this? name because you can see the attachments or the substituents we have here are two ch3 so that's basically it and you know CH3 is the alkyl group so it's a dimethyl so we have a dimethyl in front of the name here the part of the prefix and what are its positions is in position 1 2 3 and 4 if we number this way then 3 and 4 here and if we go this way it says 4 and 5 so again we will choose the smallest number which is 3 and 4, like this that the name is going to be 3 comma 4 dimethyl heptane so that's our correct answer here okay, let's try this one now here we have people and can you see the functional group here?

What is the functional group? That's right, it's a ketone because it has a C or carbon double bond. on both sides, so let's number our longest carbon chain 1 2 3 4 and reverse 1 2 3 4. Well, if you ignore the functional group, it would have been a butane, but there is a functional group there, so I'm going to eliminate it . the e and you know, in the ketone the own is added, so it becomes butanone and what is the position of the functional group. It's in position 2, so it would be a 2 butane in its own right, but there's something interesting here if you type this name.

That's probably fine, but strictly speaking, if you look here, if I shift the double bond over here, what will be the parent? It won't be butane 3 again. Now we'll take the smaller name and a smaller number. I mean it will be butane 2 proper again, so like propanone 4 4 ​​carbons, also only one ketone is possible, which is butane or just butanone, so this is the best answer here, which the name is just butyl because you can't have all the double bonds on carbon 1 or 4 because then it will become an aldehyde it will be at the end of the carbons and if you put it on 2 or 3 it doesn't matter the name is the same butane itself or just butanone and here is our final example for this one.

I want you to write the UI package name yourself, so let me know your answer by putting it in the comments below. I hope the UI package name is very clear to you. Here's Marie, from the rules we learned. The first thing is to find. the longest continuous carbon chain and remember to number it forwards and backwards, then you must check the functional groups, whether double or triple bonds present in the compound and add the name as a prefix or suffix and remember to use the priority list that We talked about about alphabetical order and using the smallest number to give position numbers so go ahead and use all these rules and find the answer for this compound and let me know your answer by putting it in the comments below and if you found this. useful video to share with your friends and if you haven't subscribed to my YouTube channel yet, hit the subscribe button right now, you can also check out my Facebook page and visit my website mono chai academy.com to see the quiz and The three main questions of this video.

I'll put the links in the description below. Thanks for watching.