Forgotten Wars - The Roman Invasion of Scotland ⚔️ ALL PARTS (79-84 AD)

The Romans had first set foot on the altar of Britain with Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC. C., but it would be almost a century before Emperor Claudius launched a proper

invasion

to conquer southern England and Wales. The British would staunchly resist them over the years with raids. Pitched battles and large-scale revolts, however, would ultimately find themselves crushed by the weight of the inexorable Legions. Disgruntled by this Conquest, the Romans now sought new enemies in as yet unexplored regions, pushing the boundaries of the Empire to its northernmost extent in history. To bring the famous agricultural

invasion

of ancient Scotland to life, for now I wanted to share with you the creation of a fellow worldbuilder who actually turned his work into a book called Symphony of the Sojourn to set the stage in which the book It takes place during a stay at sea in the archipelago.

In the middle of a vast ocean between great trading empires and old world powers, discovered 200 years ago, it now finds itself in the vortex of a feverish rush by outside forces to claim their rights and colonize a land with the potential to reshape the balance. such is the calling of the Church of the Weavers, whose mission is to seek out and deify Unique Individuals capable of precipitating monumental historical changes. The book's framing is inspired by the Canterbury Tales, in which multiple narrators shed light on the tapestry of the world and contribute to a larger arc, the plot reveals the mystery behind the adventurer's treasure hunt, which culminates in a great confrontation with Destiny.

You can find more information about this novel and This World by clicking the link in the description below, where you can check it out for yourself. I hope you read it and enjoy it to get the context. It is worth briefly summarizing the political landscape of former Britain. Celtic culture arrived in Britain around the second millennium BC and gradually spread to become the dominant culture in what is now England. Wales and Scotland. Britain was divided. into various tribes, such as the Aini and Banes, who regularly competed with each other for supremacy over the centuries. When our story takes place, the Romans had been fighting in Britain for four decades.

The famous Roman conquest of Britain began in 43 AD. Emperor Claudius, who ordered a campaign against hostile tribes in the south under the pretext of protecting Rome's allies and commercial interests in the region during the following years, the Romans steadily fought their way through any tribes that opposed them, creating the province of britannia regardless of how they faced each other. The tough resistance throughout its numerous campaigns and in the year 60 AD. All his efforts were seriously threatened when a great uprising broke out led by Budika, queen of the Icini. The British rebels caused significant damage throughout the province and brought down its three key settlements, but were quickly and bloodily cured by the Roman general Sutus Pinus, however, Budda's rebellion had caused considerable damage throughout Roman Britain and would take time to rebuild.

As the Empire continued to face resistance from unconquered tribes to the north, however, a succession of governors were able to continue Roman expansion and consolidate the gains made over the years while continuing the steady process of Romanization in the province; However, in the year 77 AD. These efforts were about to fail, led by a new, more energetic general. The new governor of Great Britain was nus Julius agrica a. a man who had already made a name for himself in the province long before his acrimonious appointment came from a family of senatorial origin with good political connections and both his mother and father had a distinguished history;

Traditionally it is said that he was born in the ancient Roman colony of the Forum Jul in Gaul in the year 40 AD. However, some more recent scholars have argued that he was actually born in Rome itself. However, it is clear that Agricola's formative years were at least spent in Gul, although unfortunately we know very little about this early stage of his life according to the Roman historian Tacitus, who notably was also his son-in-law Agria, showed an early interest. for philosophy while studying at Melia and reportedly pursued it with such enthusiasm that his mother felt the need to restrict his studies for fear that he would do so.

He prevented the rest of his career. Agrica previously began his career in public life in 58 AD. at the age of 18 following the traditional Roman path of serving as a military tribune. He was appointed to one of the four legions stationed in Britain and served under the famous governor Sutus Palus probably saw action during the Roman assault on the island of Mona in 60 AD. C., where Pinus defeated the ancient druids. However, news of Buddika's uprising forced the Romans to divert their forces back south before they could be properly consolidated. His profits, which allowed Mona to fall back into British hands, would have been present in the final battle against Budika, which saw their rebellion crushed, as well as during Potus' brutal reprisals against the British who had backed the insurgency.

Agria returned to Rome. in 62 AD. He continued his political career and also married his wife Demisha Decana. He later served as quor in the province of Asia in 64 AD. as a tribute from the plebs and Rome and in 66 AD. and finally how to prevail in 68 AD. Agria was dragged into The Tumultuous Year of the Four Emperors in 69 AD, in which a succession of Roman generals vied for control of the imperial purple following the death of Nero, during which his mother was tragically murdered by loyal Roman sailors. the usurper Atho Agria decided to support the general. He favored his candidacy for the throne, a choice that proved timely as Vespasian's forces were able to secure the throne for him at the end of the year, perhaps as a reward for this show of loyalty.

Vaspiano supported Agricola's political and military advance by appointing him. as legot of the Tenth Legion Valeria victrix around 70 AD, which he saw Agricola return to Britain, where he had begun his career. Agricola served with distinction there, reimposing discipline on his Legion, which had grown in LAX during the final months of the Civil War and a recent Mutiny, and then leading it in campaigns against hostile tribes to the north alongside Governor Quintus Pilus Keralis Agrica remained in Britain until 73 AD when he returned to Rome and was appointed governor of Gallia Aquitania. 3 years later he was recalled to Rome and appointed sufficient consul to replace him.

The previous consul, who had recently died of natural causes, but the peak of Agricola's career was approaching, for in 77 AD Vpan decided to appoint him as the next governor of Britain, probably inspired by Agricola's loyalty to his regime, as well as for his extensive experience in the agricultural region. He arrived relatively late in the year, when the traditional summer campaigning season had already passed as a result of Roman troops in Britain having become relaxed and distracted assuming that no further operations would take place during the rest of the year. This attitude of the SLX was quickly noticed by the Romans. enemies who tried to exploit this moment of vulnerability by raiding the Borders, while within the province itself the Ovis tribe rebelled and almost annihilated an auxiliary CC unit stationed in their territory as his first task as Agricultural Governor he reestablished Army discipline and He then moved to check these new threats to Roman Britain, beginning with the order of vices sour, he assembled an ad hoc army composed of legionnaires on detached duty from his units throughout the province along with the small force of auxiliaries he could muster. to his side quickly, this hasty gathering The army may seem like a very poor force to lead against an entire tribe;

However, Agricola probably wanted to crush the Ovis rebellion as quickly as possible to discourage any future uprising and was therefore forced to resort to using all troops immediately available to him in this case. In case he was following standard Roman doctrine to suppress revolts by concentrating the greatest possible concentration of force on the rebels as quickly as possible, Agricola's army was formidable enough to deter I's order of tribe from engaging him in an open battle on the Plains and instead stood in the hills around the tribe's territory undeterred. Agria led his troops into difficult terrain with Tacitus stating that he personally led the army from the front ranks.

Unfortunately, we have no details about the fighting that took place, other than the fact that the Romans won an overwhelming victory and decimated Or's army. It is likely that they would not have expected the Romans to venture into the rugged terrain and therefore may have been taken completely by surprise by Agricola's assault after the Romans set their sights on the island of Mona. which had once again become a stronghold for British resistance to Imperial rule, this operation was again hastily conceived and, unlike Palus before him, Agria did not have a fleet with which to transport his army to the island. ;

However, his auxiliaries did include cavalrymen who were accustomed to swimming in the Shallow Waters with their horses and full equipment and it would be these Troopers that Agria would primarily rely on to retake Mona. The Cavalry found a suitable location for Ford towards the island, which managed to catch the British guard completely off guard and in the end there was no fight. Necessary due to the commotion Britain chose to negotiate with Agria by handing Mona over to Rome without bloodshed. These two victories cemented Agricola's reputation throughout the province as an effective governor, as he had surprised everyone by immediately rushing into action.

Agrica also made more efforts to try to prevent future unrest. against Roman rule, first by reorganizing grain distribution and tax collection throughout the province and also through a reform of the provincial administration, whose poor performance and sour discipline he blamed for the recent rebellion in the summer of 78 AD. Agricola began his famous series of campaigns that would take him further and further north towards what is now Scotland, known at the time as Calonia. It was also probably around this time that Agria assembled the field army that he would use in his northern campaigns, probably totaling around 20,000 men.

Agria quickly became popular with his troops and was personally involved in scouting before the March column, selecting camp sites, and was quick. to praise and reward good discipline and good actions as quickly as he punished any mediocre performance. The winter months were spent building new forts to consolidate Roman territory and improve relations between Rome and the British within his province, in which Agricola was reportedly so successful that it led to a wave of provincials adopting With enthusiasm Roman customs in 7980 Agrica led his army to come into contact with peoples who had not yet been found again by Rome.

Unfortunately, our sources are very vague on the details, but it is likely that these new enemies were mainly composed of the Dunon whose At this point, the governor decided to stop their advance and instead dedicated the entire following year to securing the new advances. achieved in the final months before resuming the advance in early 81 AD, this time Agria struck agricultural territory as far as the River Tay. region known today as Galloway probably aiming to secure the vulnerable western flank of the territory they had recently gained here, the Romans encountered the tribe known as the Nanti and for the first time appear to have faced serious resistance as Agria was forced to win several battles while To secure this area, the governor then took his army to the coast opposite Ireland and is said to have contemplated launching an invasion of the island according to Tacitus Agria, probably believing too optimistically that all of Ireland could have been secured. with a single Legion and a sufficient force of auxiliaries and which he envisaged would act as an ideal military base for Rome from which the rest of Britain could easily be watched regardless of whether or not it had such lofty objectives;

However, Agria had more pressing matters to attend to in the north. and so the Roman advance continued in 82 AD. Agria began the year by building new forts and consolidating new gains around the fourth year, after which the Romans continued to advance northwards during this phase of the campaign. Agria is said to have made extensive use of the Roman Navy to supporthis ground forces using the fleet to secure many cities along the coast. Tacitus also notes that a friendly rivalry soon developed between the Roman army and the marines serving aboard the fleet, with the two forces often camping together and comparing their past achievements which the Caledonians now began.

To intensify his attacks against the Romans, harassing many of their forts and beginning to gather greater numbers, some of Agricola's more cautious officers urged him to retreat to the line along the quarter rather than risk pushing further into the Romans. unknown hostile territory, but the unsuspecting general dismissed their concerns and then divided his army into three separate columns, probably to ease the logistical burdens on his army; However, this was quickly noticed by the Zionians who began probing the Roman army for a weak point to isolate and overwhelm it. They determined that the column containing the famed 9th Hispania Legion was the most ideal target, and the Caledonian warriors launched a devastating night assault on the ninja camp for a time.

The situation seemed dire to the surprise legionnaires, as the sentinels on the camp walls were quickly overrun and the defenses were breached. to hand-to-hand chaos within the camp, fortunately for the Sour Ninth, the Scouts soon learned of the debacle and informed the general, who quickly raised a relief force to assist his Baguer troops. The Caledonian ambush now, paradoxically, ended up working against the attackers as the men of the Sour Ninth stubbornly resisted throughout the night, leading to the Caledonians becoming trapped between themselves and Agricola's relief army in the morning, the Caledonians They now began to panic as their situation became more desperate and their army began to Ruta the 9th took the opportunity to recount the attack by pushing the enemy to the Fierce Gates camp where the fighting continued for some time, however, eventually The pressure on the Caledonians grew too much and their survivors scattered and fled into the surrounding forests and swamps after suffering heavy casualties.

This victory further emboldened the Roman troops and now even more cautious members of the agricultural command appear. more confident in a successful advance further north With victory fresh in their minds in Agria and the Roman army advancing ever further into Calonia, the Romans had long heard rumors about what lay in their distant north throughout the centuries. years, several commanders had tentatively ventured further and further into the lands of Brittany, however, it would be General Nus Julius Agrica who in 78 AD. He attempted to push the Roman borders to their furthest limits, but composed of 20,000 men. The first phase of this expedition saw him heal many rebellious tribes.

The resistance culminated in an ambush on the 9th Legion nearly annihilating his forces, however Agria managed to save his men by breaking the enemy and paving the way for their continued advance in the next phase of the invasion, the general would push to the far reaches of the island where he would fight. At the climactic Battle of Monopus, the last battle of the ancient Scots, with their confidence soaring after their recent victories, the Romans redoubled their efforts and once again advanced towards Caledonia in early 83 AD Agria, also receiving the unfortunate news that his son, who had been born just the previous year had died, but he endured this loss with stoic determination and moved on.

He first sent his fleet to attack the Caledonian cities located along the coast with the intention of sowing terror and confusion ahead of the advance of his main army. However, these raids, as well as their defeats of the previous year, failed to weaken the resolve of the Caledonians and their various tribes who now united to oppose the Roman invasion. They were led by a man called Kakas about whom unfortunately we know almost nothing, but he must have been a very respected man. He figures influential in being able to quickly unite the people of Caledonia in this way.

Calgacus decided to confront Agrica in a pitched battle and chose a place known as mon grapus as the place of his position. Debate continues over the current location of this battlefield. However, one prominent theory is that monopus was the name of a range of hills in Scotland near the Aberin Shire. The area provided the Kakas with a natural advantage over Agrica, as he was able to position his army on high ground overlooking the flat plains which also helped negate the Roman advantage in cavalry. Agrica was undeterred by this and quickly accepted Kak's challenge. The Battle of Monopus was about to begin.

Agricola's forces consisted of elements of the 2nd Aatrix, the 2nd Austa, the 9th Legion of Hispa, and the 20th Legion of Valeria Victrix, supported by 8,000. auxiliary infantry These include the Batavian and Tongan cohorts of Germania, plus 3,000 auxiliary cavalry, as well as some recently recruited British allies, since we do not know how large the legionary detachments were, unfortunately we can only guess at the total size of the Romans . However, it is likely that it consisted of around 20,000 men. Agria deployed his infantry in two lines, the first of which contained all of his auxiliary infantry, while the legions were held in reserve in the second line, the cavalry being divided evenly between the army's flanks.

He stated that one of Agricola's reasons for placing his auxiliaries on the front line was that he hoped to win the battle without having to resort to risking the lives of his legionaries, allowing him to claim that he had crushed the Caledonians without spilling a grain. drop of citizen blood, this in turn has contributed to the popular myth that auxiliaries were considered much more expendable by the Romans; However, it is clear from the service history of the Roman army, as well as from Tacitus' own records, that his commanders did not show any considerable bias in placing the auxiliary legions or auxiliaries in the forefront of the fight, after all, both true types were in the vanguard of Roman battles in equal measure and were deployed in whatever way their generals deemed best for them;

However, the legions had a higher level of organization. compared to the many individual auxiliary cohorts and therefore function better as reserve troops, allowing Roman generals to quickly plug gaps in the line or reinforce critical points, furthermore, as the Roman citizenry gradually extended or granted early to deserving auxiliary soldiers, thus breaking down the ancient social barrier between the legions and Aries, it is likely that a significant minority of the Batavians and Turians would at least have already been Roman citizens, meaning that Roman blood would have been spilled anyway, while Tacitus himself may have interpreted Agricola's actions as an attempt to actually save Roman lives.

It was simply a practical application of the troops the Roman general had at his disposal. Meanwhile, Calus's army consisted of 30,000 warriors who were almost entirely foot soldiers but were still supported by numerous war chariots. His infantry were arrayed on top of the hills with the intention of intimidating the Rans. By making their large numbers as visible as possible to their enemies, it would also have been an ideal defensive position for the mainly infantry-based Caledonian army, which also helped to negate the Roman advantage in cavalry, meanwhile the Caledonian chariots They were placed on the open plains that they were likely to harass.

Roman lions and skirmishes in general, Caledonian deployment was sensible and contributed well to the strength of his army, however, Calakas still had to be wary of the high quality of Agrius's troops, who enjoyed considerable advantages in terms of organization, equipment and training and whose morale was high. In the wake of recent victories before the battle, both commanders gave speeches to their armies to inspire them for the bloodshed to come, it is likely that the unspoken account of Kak's speech was completely invented, as was indeed normal in many of these speeches recorded by ancient historians. However, considering his close connections to Agrica, we can speculate that his account of the Roman general's words was at least relatively accurate.

Agria quickly realized that he was outnumbered by a considerable margin and ordered his front line to be extended to prevent his troops from being outflanked despite the protest of his officers advising him to deploy the legions for battle according to tacitus. Agria had his horse dismissed and took position in the front ranks with his men. As in all battles in Antiquity, Mons Gropius began with skirmishes between the light troops of both sides. exchanging volleys of javelins tacitly reports that the Caledonians showed considerable skill in dodging the Roman volleys or even smashing their javelins from the air using their swords, apart from these acrobatic displays nothing notable developed in these early engagements after the infantry Roman heavyweight charged against them.

Caledonian counter

parts

who advanced from the hills to confront their enemies on the plains, the assault was led by four cohorts of Batavians and two more of Tongans, all of whom fought hard and the veterans tacitly record the bloody results of the confrontation between the two sides . As cited below, these old soldiers had been well trained in sword fighting, while the enemy was clumsy with their small shields and unwieldy swords, especially since the latter, having no points, were quite inadequate for combat. cut and thrust fight. The blow that hit them with the protuberances of their shields and stabbed them in the face caused the British stationed on the plane and pushed them towards the slopes, this caused other cohorts to attack vigorously and kill the nearest enemy.

Many Britons were left behind halfway. dead or even wounded due to the very speed of our Victory, as the Roman infantry continued their attack, the cavalry on the flanks engaged the enemy chariots, while these were indeed fearsome war machines manned by some of the most notable men of the tribes, it appears that their combat methods were not suitable for the nature of the battle of mons grapus. Details are lacking, but it seems that the Roman auxiliary cavalry was able to quickly approach the Caledonian charers with the swarm of chariots in the first charge and thus deprive the Kakas of the already very limited mobility of their army, perhaps emboldened by this success, the Roman cavalry charged the Caledonian infantry up the hill, an action very rarely performed by heavy horses;

However, the Roman cavalry performed well under the circumstances and the initial impact of their charge inflicted many casualties. However, after the momentum of the Roman assault began to fade, the situation soon began to turn towards Agrica. His infantry only had a weak foothold in the hills and continued to face stiff resistance while the Roman cavalry charge had been halted thanks to the difficult terrain and depth of the enemy ranks, furthermore, chariots en route continued to prove problematic. as occasionally the horses would become separated from their vehicles and run through the mud or the out-of-control chariots would crash into the exposed sides of the Roman formation, causing much havoc.

I can only begin to imagine the chaotic nature of such a fight when witnessed amidst the cacophony of shouting and fighting on the ground level for those caught up in the hand-to-hand combat, this would have meant almost complete blindness to the overall events of the battle, perhaps expect to see this. The Caledonians had actually kept a substantial body of men in reserve at the highest point of the hills until now without engaging, now they began to march around the flanks of the Romans threatening to encircle them; However, Agricola had also come prepared for this and once the Caledonians had advanced far enough, he sprung the trap on him.

Reserve units of auxiliary cavalry were sent into battle and managed to take the Caledonians completely by surprise. This unexpected assault threw the Caledonians who had begun to prepare to outflank the Romans on a route and exposed their comrades still engaged with Agricola's main force for a second Roman charge into their rear exposed between the Caledonians now crumbled and they began to flee into the hills and forests around the battlefield suffering many casualties as they advanced, however the Caledonians were not yet completely defeated and actually began to regroup in the relative safety of the forest, here they managedsurprising the leading Roman infantry units who had eagerly pursued them and clearly expected to find only defeated and demoralized barbarians for a time.

However, this led to desperate fighting within the forests. Aga's quick thinking kept his pursuit from getting out of control. He ordered his lightly equipped auxiliary foot, supported by a dismounted Calarian, to clear the Caledonians from the forest while his heavy troops began to reform while some of the Caledonians fled to more open areas where the still mounted cavalry were able to pursue them effectively as the Caledonians Finally they saw that the Romans had recovered from their ambush, lost all hope of victory, and retreated. The battle of monopus ended. The victory would mark the apogee of Agricola's campaigns according to Tacitus.

The Caledonians lost. 10,000 men, while Roman losses were only 360, among them a prefect of an auxiliary cohort named Alis adus. At first glance, it may be tempting to simply dismiss these one-sided casualty figures as an exaggeration by Tacitus intended to elevate the glory of his father-in-law. However, we must keep in mind that ancient warfare was normally a relatively tentative affair and not the savage and bloody hand-to-hand combat popularized by Hollywood, as a result, casualties usually only became serious when one side lost its nerve and fled, allowing their enemy to massacre their disordered ranks more easily. In this context, it is quite likely that the figures given by Tacitus are at least fairly close to the truth: the Romans spent the next night celebrating their victory, while on the Caledonian side panic spread rapidly as news of their crushing defeat reached more people.

The settlements were quickly abandoned and tribes began fleeing to the highlands in hopes of evading the Romans in the difficult and unknown terrain. The next morning, the Roman explorers were met with an eerie silence wherever they went, discovering that much of the territory on their path had been Agria, completely abandoned, yet it appears to have been undisturbed by this and moved deeper and deeper. more in Caladonia spending the winter in the lands of a tribe known as the Buresti. It was also around this time that the Romans achieved another notable milestone: the entire circumnavigation of Britain.

Even though the Romans had been in Britain for decades, there remained much uncertainty about Britain's geography, including whether it was truly an agricultural island. Britain's campaigns were also notable for the great efforts made to map the rest of Britain and his governorship was later famous for This achievement Agria sent his fleet in a detachment of his field army on this expedition, which It probably set out from the Moray coast and appeared to have sailed first to the Shetland Islands before turning south to begin the circumnavigation proper. During the journey, the Romans encountered many new towns previously unknown to them, but unfortunately we know little else about this important expedition.

After exploring the north, the fleet would have turned west and then sailed back to its base at present-day Richboro, where it may have ended its perhaps 1 month long voyage later. All the Romans already knew the coast well and therefore may have considered it already covered and not worth sailing again as they had recently done with a Gula, regardless of where exactly it ended up. This expedition was significant and the The fact that it was performed during Agricola's term as governor by his order greatly increased its fame in 84 AD. Agria continued his efforts to further consolidate his gains in Calonia by building additional forts to garrison these lands, most notable among them.

It was the modern-day Inudo legionary fortress whose remains are still visible today; However, while in the midst of these operations, Agria received a new set of orders from the emperor, the general was recalled to Rome immediately, ending his unusually long tenure as governor. Meanwhile, the Romans continued to garrison the

parts

of Caledonia that Agrica had conquered, but ultimately these conquests were never consolidated and were abandoned in 90 AD, but why would Rome so quickly abandon these harsh conquests after all the Caledonians had been crushed in battle and were no longer a military threat. So in theory, this could make holding on to northern Britannia look easy.

Tacitus was convinced that it was a foolish decision to fire Agricola and only called out of jealousy. However, we must keep in mind that Tacitus was never very fond of dismissal. Firstly, and this bitterness combined with admiration for his father-in-law probably led him to have a biased view of the situation, in reality De Mission's decision to abandon the agricultural conquest in Calonia was sensible given the situation in which he found himself. the Roman Empire. At this time, he allowed more troops to be released to fight the resurgent Dians on the Danu border, who were a much more pressing threat to Roman interests and were targeting some of the Empire's most lucrative provinces.

In fact, this was the fate of many of Agricola's troops, such as the Second Legion AOTR, the territory Agricola had occupied was also not particularly valuable and its population had largely fled to the highlands, where they would have to be eradicated in lengthy clearing operations and were probably hostile to Rome's control of said territory. being so far from the center of Roman power would have posed a considerable political and logistical burden, so, with his enemies in the region defeated and Roman honor satisfied, the resignation made the pragmatic decision to retreat and redraw the border in a more stable location, regardless of the aga.

His achievements in Britain cemented his reputation as one of Rome's most prominent generals of the time and he was rewarded with triumphal ornaments in recognition of his victory, as well as a public statue despite his fame. of the. Agria would never command an army again, although there was supposedly much demand from the public that he would return to the battlefield to fight the costly

wars

along the Danu. Ultimately, however, Naus Julius Agria would die in AD 93, shortly after the last of his far northern conquests fell into the hands of the Caledonians. As for the region where Agricola had made a name for itself and would continue to be an active frontier until the end of Rowan Britain during the 5th century.

Several more campaigns were fought against the tribes of the region, as they sought any opportunity to attack the rich Roman province. In the south, some emperors showed interest in expanding Roman control northwards again, but otherwise the region was not considered important enough to invest the time and resources necessary to fully occupy it. Instead, the Romans preferred to maintain a defensible border from which they could monitor and control movement in and out of the province, a policy literally set in stone when Emperor Hadrian ordered the construction of a massive wall. along the northern border, from there Rome would continue to exert its influence over the province. tribes in Calonia through diplomacy and trade while continuing their

wars

against those who rose up to oppose them until the end of imperial rule over the islands.

We hope you found this episode educational and entertaining. A lot of what we do is possible thanks to our talented artists, they actually have their own store with amazing products so I suggest you check that all profits go to them and it's a great way to ensure they can continue to support this type of creative efforts. Also consider supporting the channel by joining our Patreon, where you can watch script previews, participate in polls, and get HD downloads of all our art. A big thank you to the current sponsors for funding the channel and to the researchers, writers and artists for making this episode possible.

We couldn't have done it without this team and this community. If you enjoyed this episode, be sure to like and subscribe for more content and check out these other related videos, see you in the next one.