Construction Fails: When Projects Go Wrong

Construction has an incredible ability to shape our world, but most people don't realize the incredible work that happens behind the scenes or the things that sometimes don't go as planned, sit back, relax, take action. popcorn and join us as we round up some of the most fascinating stories about

construction

projects

gone

wrong

San Francisco has a problem one of the city's shiny new skyscrapers is leaning on the sinking Millennium Tower tilts in San Francisco this work there is now a revised plan to help stop the sinking and tilting of the Millennium Tower the 197 M Millennium Tower has sunk at the time of publishing this video more than 45 cm, making it leans 60 cm to the west and 20 cm to the north, despite efforts to correct the problem, it continues to lean about 7 cm more to the north and 2 cm more to the west each year If nothing is done, the tower It could reach an inclination of more than one meter, at which point, according to the building's chief engineer himself, the elevators and pipes would no longer be able to function.

He now he has begun the race to write Skyscraper. Engineers are driving new pilings under the foundation of the 311,000-ton building in an attempt to prevent Forever from becoming San Francisco's leaning tower, but there's a problem there, too. The Millennium Tower always sank a little, most skyscrapers are expected to settle once. the

construction

ends up sinking a few pennies under the enormous weight of the glass and steel above them. Typically, sink sinking is so minuscule and takes so long that no one notices. Engineers estimated that the Millennium Tower would not sink more than about 10cm over the course of its life.

When the tower first opened in 2009, everything seemed fine, the building even won awards for its structural integrity, including the award for construction of the American Concrete Institution and the structural engineering project of the year. Demand for their luxury condos was so great that owners were reselling. their units at two or three times the price they originally paid for them and the penthouse sold for $9.8 million. It is a wonderful location. 8 years ago, Jerry and Pat Dodson paid $2.1 million for a two-bedroom house and planned to live out their retirement in enjoyment. the panoramic view from the 42nd floor, but it soon became clear that something was

wrong

in 2016, it was revealed that the tower was sinking much faster and more than expected, worse than expected, the sinking was uneven, giving it to the building a steep slope toward the northwest, which Montana is now suing for. developers of the sinking of San Francisco's Millennium Tower q a media storm as developers, engineers, homeowners and the city of San Francisco rush to blame and sue each other, especially

when

it became clear that the cost of fixing the problem could exceed $100 million, so what went wrong?

Well Ron Hamburger, the engineer who runs the RIT Millennium Tower, blames construction work at a nearby site while working on the Salesforce Transit Center, construction crews dug a 18M hole and pumped millions of liters of water from the ground . Hamer claims that clearing water from the soil created an effect called soil compaction where the earth began to compress at a much faster rate than anticipated, but long before the transit center began operating during basement construction. of the Millennium Tower, contractors had to pump enormous amounts of water just to keep the area dry. No matter who or what is to blame, the lawyers will have fun figuring that out, and the tilting of the trailer has had consequences: growing cracks in the sidewalk and most shocking is what the couple discovered

when

they visited the lowest part of the garage, the water It seemed to be leaking.

The concrete walls and huge chunks of walls appeared to have collapsed even though the building was only 7 years old in 2017, the building was still declared safe to live in despite the cracked windows, walls and sidewalks, but something had to be done. . Hamburger came up with a plan. To correct the leaning skyscraper, 52 additional piles will be placed under the building placed across the sidewalk and under the main foundation of the building, these piles will extend beyond the original foundation and reach 76 M to the bed layer of rock below. That's a process called shoring and it's quite common, these new piles were intended to level 50% of the building's slope over the next 10 years and level the rest over the next half century, but in 2021 the shoring efforts were halted. stabilization and it was discovered that the installation of these new piles could actually cause skyscrapers to lean even worse.

The tower sank an additional 3 cm, contributing to an additional 12 cm of lean at the top. New piles were designed to stop the subsidence when they were driven into the bedrock and secured to the skyscraper. An operation scheduled for later in 2022, there are fears that the holes being dug for the new piles were causing even more ground movement. It was later revealed that construction crews had also left a gap of 1 to 4 days between removing soil and laying grout intended to reduce the risk of soil collapse, this delay was against regulations and could have caused more damage. The building continues to cell at a rate of approximately 1/2 inch per year and tilt at a rate of approximately 3 inches per year, the building remains safe, but although the building remains safe we ​​believe the project needs to resume. construction and complete this construction quickly to prevent a settlement from tilting and allow some recovery of tilt as originally planned.

I believe the building remains safe and can actually tilt. more without becoming a safety or serviceability issue At a hearing in January 2022, Hamburger presented a new plan to save construction engineer Ron Hamburger, who is in charge of the repair, only asking for a total of 18 piles of burgers looking for only 18 piles won. It does not provide as much uniform support as 52 piles would, so you can expect less tilt recovery to the north. Instead of installing 52 piles, they would only install 18. These 18 piles would reach over 76 M and because there would be fewer of them. There would be less disturbance to the ground beneath the building.

The new plans are currently being reviewed and will be decided in March 2022. It will probably go ahead but will further increase the cost of repair from 100 million to $500 million with millions and millions of dollars at stake in lawsuits this story seems very dramatic , but the tilt of the Millennium Towers is as bad as it sounds. Many tourist buildings around the world lean. The Elizabeth Tower in London, which houses Big Ben, tilts 0.26 at its worst. The Leaning Tower of Pisa leans. 5°, although it later stabilized at 4, if the Millennium Tower were so inclined, it would be inclined by about 13 M, very visible in its upper part.

From now on, the inclination of the Millennium Tower is imperceptible to the naked eye, its current inclination is less than 0.2 degrees. The building's engineers have continued to insist that the skyscraper is safe to live in and is in no immediate danger. Burgers claimed the Millennium Tower would need to tilt more than 180cm before it could withstand an earthquake, a far cry from its current 60cm. cm of inclination that said that the building will be uninhabitable if the pipes and elevators stop working and that could happen when the inclination reaches 100 cm, so for engineers it is a race against time to stabilize the view with millions of dollars at stake, but this is more than a case study in what can go wrong, it's also a reminder of how robust the engineering of modern mega

projects

really is.

Massive buildings with low FA tolerances are built on compatible soils in locations around the world, and virtually none of them suffer. Judging by the problems we've seen here in San Francisco and the fact that Hamburger and his team of engineers can even attempt to dismantle a 197M skyscraper is a testament to how far the construction industry has come, let's hope that during the millennium the Tower will be the third. It's the charm, it's a record that China never wanted to keep when construction began 13 years ago. The Golden Finance 117 inan Jin was going to be the fifth tallest skyscraper ever built, but today it's probably best known as that building those Daredevils on YouTube scaled despite reaching its maximum height of 5.97m in 2015, the site was suddenly abandoned shortly after and the project remains unfinished to this day, communications were cut in 2018 and there is no official information on when or even if the project will ever be completed, many have come to wonder how one of the world's strongest economies with the fastest rate of urbanization in history became home to the world's tallest ghost scraper, proposed in 2008, as cities across China competed for their place on the world stage.

The golden Finance 117 was to be the centerpiece of multi-billion dollar pan suong golden metropolitan scheme a 1.8 square kilometer luxury residential and central business district about 8 km from the center of Tangin with multiple residential and commercial towers French-style manners and Italian, a wine museum, extensive gardens and even a polo club to which the plan was aimed. The super-rich and emblematic skyscraper was going to be the jewel in the crown; We mean, literally, the building was going to be topped with a three-story diamond-shaped atrium that would have housed the world's tallest pool restaurant with observation deck and the Sky Bar.

Compared to a cane, the Tower of Mixed-use would contain 128 floors above ground, 117 of which would house hotels and commercial spaces, as well as providing the ingenious source of the building's name, 11 dedicated to mechanical and operational services and another four unique below-ground levels. Among many of the world's tallest buildings, Golden Finance 117 was to be habitable up to its highest point, foregoing the addition of any vanity height that seems to become commonplace among many of today's tallest skyscrapers, fact, when compared to other structures purely at the highest. habitable floor, the building would have been attached only to the Bur Khalifa with only half a meter without major setbacks to interrupt wind loads and with its height-width ratio of 9.5 to 1 exceeding the limit set by China's seismic code that the building should have.

It has been very susceptible to lateral forces, but was designed to resist them in a similar way to the structural system used in Malaysia's Meda pm M B18 golden Finance 117 was designed with a perimeter frame consisting of tapered Mega columns, Mega braces and transfer beams , all held and tied. to a full-height reinforced concrete core that creates an almost immovable structure, but while on the surface the skyscraper looked no different from many of the others. Rising across China at the time, underneath it appears as if the cards are stacked against it from the outside to maintain integrity. of the Chinese real estate market New developers are not allowed to start pre-sales of their projects until the authorities have inspected and approved the finished product, with exemptions normally only granted to established companies and usually state-owned at the time they Gold was sold on the properties. a publicly traded Hong Kong-based company and a relatively new player in the mainland China market, had to completely self-finance the entire 10 billion US doll master plan and could not begin recouping its investment until each building would be finished this year.

It put the entire plan in a precarious situation from the beginning, but if the developer was able to make the capital investment and there were no major disruptions to the markets during construction, then the rewards would be worth it, they went ahead and construction began on the 18th. In August 2008, while the global financial crisis did not bring down China's economy, it did shake it. The real estate market regained its footing in 2011 and with an asset-liability ratio at that time of approximately 4 to 1, the company decided to continue working on the tower with the expectation that it could be completed and ready for sales when the market reached its peak. next natural level.

At its peak, the project moved skyward, but the slow recovery of international markets compared to China put the gold group in a vulnerable situation with its asset-liability ratio reduced to almost 1:1. The company was effectively Allin on Golden Finance 117 and desperately needed to complete theproject. project before the next economic hit like something out of a movie after avoiding the worst of the global financial crisis. In June 2015, the Chinese stock bubble burst, erasing a third of the value of the Shanghai stock market in one month and market volatility persisted until early 2016. While it was not a full-blown crisis, the damage was already done and not there was nothing left in reserves to get through the turbulent period.

Golden's share price on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange plummeted and company chairman Pan Suong, with a 64% stake in the business, reportedly lost an eye. watering $1.13 billion of his own fortune the completion ceremony in September was intended to rekindle confidence in the project, but by December 2015 all work had ceased in 2018 it seemed to restart and hopes began to rise, but China State Construction Engineering Corporation then left again taking all their company signs on the surface, you are probably thinking that the fate of the golden Finance 117 was due to a series of unfortunate events and a market that tends to favor to state-owned companies, but even when it was put up for sale with a handful of other metropolitan gold assets, it did not attract much attention and no attempt was made to resurrect it.

It had all the hallmarks of a high-end development aimed at the super-rich, but the project's location on former industrial land on the outskirts of one of China's second-tier cities meant the appeal to those who could actually afford it simply It wasn't there, it was like trying to build New York's Hudson Yards on the outskirts of Philadelphia, it's like the gold was trying to get in from the beginning. a city that later hoped to prosper and relied heavily on China's continued growth, favorable market conditions and the philosophy of the Builder and They Will Come. The company risked an ambitious plan and lost as P.

Infamous Hotel golden Finance 117 seems destined to be not a beacon for an emerging city, but a monument and a warning. story of overambition this is the Burge Khalifa the tallest building in the world the tallest skyscraper in the world the B not only breaks the record for the tallest building in the world but it breaks it completely. It has 160 floors and is twice as tall as the Empire State Building taipe 101 stand next to it with the Eiffel Tower perched on top and still barely equal the height of it Rising 828 M into the sky, nothing else has come close to surpassing it, but that was all supposed to change, enter Jeda Tower at a staggering 1,000m Saudi Arabia's $1.2 billion mega skyscraper was due to become the first kilometer-tall building in 2020, a tower that would eventually surpass Burge Khalifa and help position Jeda as a global city on par with Duby, but things took a turn today, the building remains unfinished. and abandoned 300M in the air and after years of political repression under a global pandemic, it is unclear if the Jeda Tower will ever be able to reach its maximum height, even if construction work begins again, huge engineering feet will be needed to complete them.

There are no building codes to prepare you for this, over a kilometer tall, this building has never been built for more than a billion dollars and, to a large extent, the country's reputation depends on this tower. All eyes are on Jeda to see if it can ever complete the world's tallest tower. Now it is built like any skyscraper, the taller it is, the more attention it tends to receive. The Jeda Tower will soon be the tallest building in the world. Saudi Arabia is making a big effort to diversify its economy in 2011, billionaire investor Aled bin Talal had set his sights.

On creating a centerpiece for the economic city of Jeda, his bold plan for a skyscraper in Jeda would, you guessed it, feature 167 floors of homes, offices and hotels a kilometer high, rising well above the threshold of 600M for classification in the Mega Tool skyscraper category and would essentially try to make Jeda the Dubai of Saudi Arabia, it is important to make a distinction between this and other large projects that Saudi Arabia has recently announced, particularly around neom, they are run by their public investment fund, which is a state-driven sovereign wealth fund. seek to diversify the saudi economy away from oil jeddah is a private development, although it started with a lot of backing from many in the state, now to build something a kilometer high you need an architect with a solid resume, enter Adrien Smith if your name Te sounds familiar it's because he's the guy who designed the Burge Khalifa.

One of the biggest challenges in creating skyscrapers of this height is the extreme lateral wind loads they face. The taller a building is, the greater its tendency to want to sway towards its top and that is something that engineers must address to ensure safety and comfort to reduce movement some super tools like the taipe 101 or 4 through 2 Park Avenue used massively weighted devices called mass dampers tuned near its peaks that counteract the rolling motion, but these can take up a lot of valuable space for Jeda Tower Smith took another route, one that is at the most fundamental part of the design of the building itself, such as the bur Khalifa.

The Jeda Tower plans to use a buttress core to achieve its mega-tall height, unlike most skyscrapers which have four external walls, this approach sees a hexagonal shape. reinforced core with three Y-shaped walls and that really works. We used software from today's video sponsor, Simscale, to model how wind forces might flow around the massive shape of the Jeda Tower. It is like the analogue of the three-legged stool. John Cetra was not involved. at the Jeda Tower, but he certainly knows a thing or two about designing extremely tall buildings. It is a very, very efficient system. The triangle works in a way that it diverts forces from two sides.

It doesn't necessarily have the same effect as we say. square where you know that there is a wide side to the square or rectangle and that those forces are then deflected to the other three sides the triangle actually acts as an automatic deflector the Jedi Tower would also taper dramatically towards its peak, further reinforcing its strength to strong winds and make it more aerodynamic than a straight four-walled profile, that really matters because the winds get stronger the taller you are and on this site and with a building this tall there are no other buildings or structures around to break the air flow.

The 157th floor will be the tower's crowning feature, a stunning open-air observation deck that would easily become the world's tallest observation deck with that design finalized. Construction work began in 2013. Now, as we all know, one of the first steps of construction is also the most important foundation and to support something so tall. The engineers needed to use a lot of concrete. First 270 piles were drilled 105m deep into the ground and then a giant 5m thick concrete slab was placed on top which would become the foundation. Distributing the weight. Of the 1,000M skyscraper that will rise above it next, the core was built, allowing the tower to rise steadily around it.

The concrete was poured using a jump form system, which is a type of climbing formwork that rises with the core structure, allowing builders to work safely. and with considerable efficiency on the horizon, Medigan worked on some of the technical and operational systems within the building in terms of the configuration of the building itself. What we did, the challenge we overcame, we thought would only be for 40-story buildings and stacked on top. one from the other, so we split it into smaller parts so we could manage it in 2015. 2 years after construction began, the project secured $1.2 billion in financing from a Saudi bank and a real estate company by 2017.

Jed Tower had RIS on 63 floors up. the desert about a third of its final height despite some bumps in the road and delays it looked like the world would soon have its next tourist building extraordinary times in Saudi Arabia 11 princes four sitting ministers and dozens of former ministers have been arrested between Among those arrested is billionaire Aled Bin Tal, one of Saudi Arabia's best-known business magnates. Things took a turn when Muhammad bin Salman became Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia and began an anti-corruption purge. Two people caught up in the events included Jedar Towers. Keyb's backers, businessman Prince Hour, lead and Bakir Bin Laden, chairman of tower construction company Bin Laden Group, which will cause work on the Jed Tower to briefly stop.

The project's sponsors were eventually released and work resumed briefly, but then there were labor problems with the contra tractor. Things got even more complicated, stopping it again just as construction was about to restart in 2020, the pandemic hits and work stopped, it seems that since then the tower has been empty and incomplete, but take a look at the official website and the homepage still says jeda is happening. Tower was going to be a challenge for the engineers on a good day by including these considerable political and logistical problems and perhaps it is not surprising that things have apparently stopped, so we have seen how it is supposed to look, but even if everything restarted.

Is it really possible to build this tool well? The truth is that we will never know unless it is achieved in physical steel and concrete. What we can say is that the engineers were pretty sure they could do it and built the core at almost the same height. Like the Chrysler Building in New York, before everything stopped, they worked from the established principles established by other tall buildings and, most notably, the Bur Khalifa that they modeled, tested and simulated their designs in a wind tunnel and gave them brought to life in virtual software before even putting a shovel in the ground or attempting to pour concrete on clouds, the building's aerodynamic performance and its ability to manage lateral wind loads were tested in a wind tunnel and then modeled in software similar to that produced by today's video sponsor, simscale, which allows engineers to test how different profiles and designs will perform in a variety of conditions.

All buildings on the course have to handle wind loads and as we said, it gets more difficult the higher you go, as strong winds move around the structures, areas of lower velocity air, also known as vortices, emerge. from separation. Its opposite site creates suction forces that pull on buildings, putting them at risk of rocking back and forth, tapering a building as it rises helps to break the uniformity that causes this. We ran a model of Jed Tower through Sims scale software to show you how effectively this works, we also created a simulation showing how wind forces could influence the surrounding area at street level, both with and without the skyscraper.

You can see that the completed Tower would likely produce stronger gusts on the ground near the base, so designers need to work to minimize that and protect pedestrians Simscale is a powerful cloud-based engineering and simulation platform that allows all create high-fidelity simulation models for building physics, urban design and sustainability. You can model everything from wind conditions to thermal performance, indoor air quality and thermal comfort. By running these virtual tests early in the design process, teams can troubleshoot before construction begins, which It means you save time and money, and for the Jeda Tower time is money, the longer the construction, taking this concrete core in the desert and turning it into its entirety.

The occupied height of the building will mean carrying out tests to understand the strength and rigidity of the existing structure before restarting construction on it. Calculations of the structural useful life of the building are skewed because part of it is 6 years older than the rest once the rest of the structure is gone. An advanced cladding system must closely follow mechanical systems that withstand extreme conditions at 1,000 m altitude, then need to be designed and installed, and lead one of the tallest elevators ever built. Now, historically, skyscrapers have required people to change elevators. On the way up, that's because after a certain point around 500M, the weight of the steel cables used to lift them becomes too much, but innovations like Ultra rope per cone that we mentioned in a recent video replace those. steel cables with acarbon fiber material that is seven times lighter and more durable, means that an elevator can travel up to a kilometer into the sky and the b1m understands that the con system is specified to be installed in the jeda tower in case the building continue as you might actually be bringing the whole extreme height thing together. makes this project complicated even though some designers are taking advantage of it, at those higher elevations, there is actually a higher intensity of solar energy, for example, the top of the building has a spire, which is the architectural silo, we had to build an environment where we could control the temperature so that the concrete does not expand or contract and when rotating we use the variation in temperature to create a stack effect inside the silo so we can ventilate it properly so that it does not really use energy, it self-ventilates , that's very controlled, but The Jeta tower's location in the desert brings more than just intense heat to the table and creates a huge maintenance requirement.

Sand storms are abrasive, so you can imagine it's very fine sand swirling around the building and you want to, uh, you want to have a d. Very durable coatings on the building that literally won't sand off and that also affects the cleanliness of the building. In the Middle East they use many systems that do not require a human being on the scaffold. and it's automatic now, building something as bold as the world's tallest building will bring you headlines and some jealousy, you may remember the plans for Dubai Creek Tower, a plan announced by the United Arab Emirates to return the title of global tourism structure to the country that started working. and then stopped again after the jeda tower hit the stops its foundations remain there as a sort of silent warning to jeda in case it ever starts again despite the long pause medy believes things might start moving soon there is a lot of talk at the moment and Planning to restart, they have built the utilities and the roads on the site, obviously it has been like this for a while and there are things that need to be rethought for the process, so now I think we are in a situation better. position, while it may still be possible to turn this super-tall stump into the world's tallest building at this time, the challenges of funding policy and extreme engineering seem equally daunting, and together strongly hamper progress if the first skyscraper The mile-high height of the world will ever rise from these Sands will be both record-breaking and remarkable in many ways, they say everything is bigger in Texas and that is definitely the case with the state's latest megaproject, the new Harbor Bridge that It will extend 506M across the Corpus Christie Ship Channel and will be one of the largest.

Cable State bridges in the United States replacing the aging structure that stands there today - that is, if it is ever finished mid-project - researchers halted construction after finding a series of safety issues that, if left unaddressed, could cause the bridge to collapse now that the project is over. budget and far exceeded its original 2020 deadline and officials are racing to engineer a way out of this nearly billion-dollar problem with tens of thousands of people relying on the old plate bridge every day, the pressure is on to fix the new one before it's too late. Corpus Christie Texas Home to one of the largest ports in the US, this mid-sized city has served as a major gateway to the country for more than a century and over the years has been designed to adapt As the world changed around it to accommodate the rapidly growing oil and gas industries after World War II, the port needed to build a wider passage and a larger bridge for ships to pass through, so What the state took on one of its biggest construction challenges yet, the original Harbor Bridge, was an incredible feat of engineering built without the use of modern computers and when it opened in 1959, the bridge's massive ART structure was so high that the super tankers could enter the port for the first time turning on more. economic growth, it served Texas for more than half a century, but it was only designed with a 50-year lifespan, and as the decades passed, the structure once again became obsolete compared to the size of bridges in today's ports. , so now the state is building another new bridge to accommodate larger ships, comply with updated safety measures and reduce maintenance costs, not only will the old bridge be demolished, but they are also being designed and developed more than 10 kilometers of new bridges and roads.

The new design will be a stay cable. Bridge where the road deck is supported by cables connected directly to pylons or towers. That's different from a suspension bridge where cables extend through a suspensor between the towers on the new Harbor Bridge. Cables will extend from the towers to the road platform for transportation. With six lanes of traffic and a shared path for bicycles and pedestrians, the deck will sit an incredible 62m above the water's surface, high enough to clear the massive new ships. Construction started in 2016 and was due to finish in 2020, but here we are. They are in 2023 with a half-built structure, so what happened was perfect.

Frank, a lot of things went wrong here. First, work on the bridge was suspended not once but twice. Construction was first halted in 2019 following the shocking collapse of a pedestrian bridge in Florida. That resulted in several deaths and injuries. Now you might be wondering what a bridge in Florida has to do with this one in Texas. Well, the collapse there was due to an error in its initial design by the Fig Bridge Group, the same engineers. Then working on the new Harbor Bridge, researchers examined the designs of the Texas Bridge and eventually removed the fig from the project replacing it with new construction and then finally restarted in 2021, but not long after the bridge began to work. take shape, an independent study was conducted by a third party.

The group found that there were still five key security concerns that could lead to a collapse. Construction on the main span stopped again in 2022 and the project budget increased from around $800 million to nearly $1 billion. Now the Harbor Bridge is not alone in its problems. New levels of risk are faced everywhere. All states and State Farm have stopped insuring properties in California, while some experts believe commercial real estate states are the next big crash that would send shock waves through the economy and the effects could hit real estate investors. . the ultra-wealthy are changing their strategy by seeking other safe haven investments Beyond real estate, including collectibles and art, some of b1m's subscribers are employing a similar strategy with current video sponsor Masterworks, a platform for investing in art contemporary of legends like Banky and Picasso without having to be ultra-rich Masterworks has sold over $45 million in artwork.

Distributing net profits to investors, each of its sales to date has generated a positive net return. More than 730,000 users have signed up so far, but B&M subscribers can skip the wait. list in the link in the description now let's get back to that big bridge, this is exactly what went wrong and how it is being fixed. The first problem is with the foundation system. The bridge's north and south towers sit on a giant concrete slab. The size of two basketball courts beneath each is a series of 64M drilled shafts filled with concrete and steel to transfer the weight of the bridge from top to bottom on solid ground, but research found that under certain conditions, As high winds, the shafts may not support the weight of the pylons and could sink into the ground.

To solve this problem, the team is expanding the foundations and adding more drilled shafts under each tower, allowing them to support more weight without sinking. . The second problem has to do with the foundation caps on each of the towers. towers, these are located on top of a group of piles to equally distribute the weight among all the elements below. Think of it like a handful of straws when you clutch them close together. The investigation found that the demand on the piles greatly exceeded their bearing capacity. which could have ultimately led to the collapse of the bridge, the solution here is to create more space underground so that the piles do not bend out of place on the concrete, the piles will move deeper underground and be supported for the newly drilled wells since the first solution, the third problem has to do with the design of the Delta frame, a critical element in a state cable bridge, this part supports and transfers the weight of the structure to the cables, a bit like a mast on a boat, the building code requires this project to use it. uncompressed steel throughout the Delta's frame to strengthen it, but the investigation found that the harbor bridge design did not have the necessary reinforcement, putting the structure at risk of cracking to strengthen the connections.

Engineers are roughening concrete surfaces and adding rebar across them. At the interface the fourth issue was something called uplift which occurred on two of the pairs, this means that instead of the weight being transferred onto the cables near the towers it was causing the structure to rise and with the current design of the bridge, the supports are not there. able to control this movement if uplift occurs, this could ultimately loosen the connections and cause other maintenance problems, so engineers added reinforcing bars to the last two segments at both ends of the bridge and also made modifications to some of these external bearings to prevent decompression of the fifth. and the last problem was caused by the placement of the cranes during the construction of the main span, the way the equipment was installed during construction exposed it to high winds that could cause parts of the incomplete bridge deck to now twist.

Workers are adding counterweights to balance any potential weather movement. Then, in April 2023, another problem arose when one of these cranes caught fire, injuring two workers as debris fell below the cause of the flames. The cause of the flames is currently being investigated. We reached out to the companies involved, but they declined to comment. Work to fix the new Harbor Bridge is just beginning, but as the original structure continues to age, it's important to get it done right and quickly. Construction projects like this are a Highwire Act, and the race to fix the Texas Harbor Bridge is a powerful reminder of the trust we put in this industry: infrastructure has the power to improve the lives of millions of people, but only if is built right, there's a big problem in the Big Apple and it's not the only city facing this dilemma you've heard about.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy and you can't forget the leaning Millennium Tower in San Francisco, but did you know that New York City has its own leaning skyscraper? Just the horizon that never stops evolving has become a difficult situation. This is an SE port. or one of Maiden Lane's 60 floors of prime real estate on Manhattan's Eastern Shore. At first glance, it may look like any other downtown construction project, but if you look much closer, you'll see that it is now tilted 8 cm or 3 inches to the north. It may not seem like much, but it's enough to leave a new skyscraper abandoned even before its construction opens in a standstill and no one wants to admit blame, it was supposed to have beautiful south and east facing views and has become in one of those. symbols of what can go wrong in a project with a busy highway on one side, a city full of skyscrapers and busy New Yorkers on the other, intense media scrutiny and millions of dollars in real estate deals at stake, the pressure is on to fix the tower before it's too late, so what exactly caused him to lean?

Will it ever rise again? It's no secret that New York City real estate is expensive and competitive and when it comes to the parks or waterfront side, the prices and prestige increase even more. 161 Maiden Lane was to be no exception overlooking the East River in midtown Manhattan, Tower 204 M was intended to be the tallest residential skyscraper on the Eastern Waterfront with apartment sales ranging from 1 to 7 million dollars, But after several construction delays and accidents, it's safe to say the skyscraper has had a run of bad luck,Today construction is stalled and the building only has about half its windows and finishes, making it a small stain on the New York skyline.

There have been problems throughout its development, but it is the accusations about the most important step of construction those that are generating the most interest. The foundation of the building now, for those who are not engineers, is the part of a skyscraper that is on the ground and underground. level and provides a firm foundation for it to rise essentially before you build, you have to build down, but assembling a skyscraper in New York City is unlike any other place because you are developing in such a hyperdense environment. , there are certain limitations that you have that you wouldn't have, say, in Dallas, where you have a lot of land to play with.

Here you are building, everything is vertical engineering. Now all that vertical engineering requires time, experience and, of course, money. something like this is worth it, developers need to make sure the tower can make more money than they used to build it, of course it was expected to come from luxury apartment sales and the current economic crisis has left people looking places to invest in 2022. The stock alone fell more than 18%. Bonds were down 13% and real estate was down 26%. Americans earning more than six figures were found to be living paycheck to paycheck, but major institutions like Goldman Sachs are investing hundreds of millions in alternative assets that are not correlated with hardship. stocks like Masterworks' Contemporary Art offering, the platform that lets you invest in multi-million dollar paintings without breaking the bank, all Masterwork 11 outputs to date have returned profits to their investors with those kinds of results, there's a waiting list to join Over 630,000 users, but now we're giving BM viewers special access at the link below to really understand the allegations about the foundation of this building.

We need to catch you up on a few things, so get ready for another little round of engineering 101. with the b1m foundations they're complicated and we're going to simplify them greatly here. Please do not build your own foundation from this video. The basic job of a foundation is to provide a firm base for the building to stand firm and transfer the vertical weight or load of that building onto planet Earth, sometimes that can be done on a very strong rock or soil at ground level. , sometimes you have to go a little deeper and other times you have to go very deep, in fact, every construction site in the world is unique.

So things vary, small buildings, like houses, may use block or strip foundations, which are basically shallow cubes or strips of concrete with a slab on top, other small structures may use raft foundations, and very large buildings They often use a form of piling which is where the steel reinforced concrete columns are located. They are driven or poured into the ground to reach good material or bedrock far below, transferring the weight of the building downwards, sometimes that is done with a basement where piles are used to form the walls, sometimes there are piles that they go beyond the basement, sometimes there are swimming pools or entire subway stations down there, but you get the idea, like we said, it's not easy now in big cities with a lot of tall buildings around, like New York, you can't just dig a hole wherever you want with all those heavy buildings pressing on the ground any excavation would remove part of the earth on which it rests its weight would interrupt its so-called angle of incidence to avoid the risk of buildings collapsing the teams that excavate basements must create first retaining walls which can be made by driving sheets of steel into the ground or by creating a pile wall first and then excavating shoring up the open hole as you go.

At this point we could bore you with some top-down basin construction, but we've done it before and to be honest, it's not really relevant. The main thing we can take away from all this, as you may have already deduced, is that foundation engineering is governed by a very important material: the ground, the ground, has a load capacity that refers to the amount of force it can withstand. . First, the soil is tested, they definitely have a parking lot or something, they dug into the ground and tested the soil, then the engineer who designed the building is considering the weight of the building and is considering the weight of the furniture. of people, the weight of the glass also has strange forces like the force of the wind.

If a soil is too weak or does not meet standards, it can be treated to improve its strength, sometimes adding chemicals or mixing another material, but the most common approach is to simply opt for the more expensive but often much more reliable piles. at 161 Maiden Lane Pizer Roti, the construction contractor sued the developer of his real estate group saying that they cut corners according to the lawsuit, they took the ground improvement route instead of the pile route like many other buildings. had done nearby Pizer Roi claims that details of the method used were not revealed to him before he began constructing the tower while construction continued, this allegedly caused the building to sit incorrectly and caused it to lean approximately 8 cm.

There has been a lot of legal drama over who is ultimately to blame and the case is still being fought out in the courtroom. Peter Roti states that The building will continue to lean if the foundation is not repaired, which could create a risk of corrosion from façade panels falling off or even elevators not remaining vertical. As a result, the company says it terminated its contract with Fortis. Fortis acknowledged that the building had what it called an alignment problem, but said it was not a safety concern. The company also said that Pizzotti never terminated his contract and instead continued working.

We reached out to both parties for comment on all of this, but didn't get an answer if the tilt was caused. by a force that came from the wind it was acting on an empty skeleton and was able to push it that way the moment you put glass on it, what do you have now that you have the sail of a ship? Gather more force from that wind and it will. go further and if you have something broken, especially in the case of concrete breaks, it's already done, this could explain why reports that part of the glass facade appeared to have been removed in 2020, while that could be a solution temporary, a long-term plan still. has been largely unexplained because the case is still being fought in court.

The leaning of the building is a symptom of the problem so all the articles I've read don't say what the problem is if you don't know the problem you can't give it a solution so I really can't if the problem is a foundation broken, you're done, you have to dismantle, fix the base again and try it in San Francisco. Engineers have proposed to fix the leaning of Millennium Towers with installation of shoring. 18 new piles in deep building foundations, underpinning is now a very common procedure, especially in domestic properties, but is extremely challenging in a skyscraper. Foris claims that all it would take to fix 161 Maiden Lane is a simple redesign of the glass forart, but until we know.

The root of the problem we really won't be able to find the best way to fix it to make it very clear and especially for those who are nearby, no one is claiming the buildings that are about to collapse right now and are understood to be in a safe condition. , but the longer it remains abandoned, the more expensive it becomes and no one wants to foot that bill according to the actual agreement. Nearly all potential buyers have backed out of their deals and hundreds of millions of dollars have already been invested in construction work. It remains to be seen whether this Leaning Tower will ever be able to stand tall again as it remains unfinished on the city's skyline.

Because of all the drama of this building, countless other projects around the world move forward smoothly every day. It's a powerful reminder of how important the work of the construction industry really is and how billions of us take it for granted. If you live in San Francisco and want to get to Los Angeles, you only have two options: a 6-hour drive or a trip out of town to the airport, followed by a trip through the airport to a plane, followed by a 90-minute flight, then a trip through the Los Angeles airport, and then a drive to the location where Whichever way you go, it's not exactly easy, that's where the incredibly sensible plan for a high-speed rail line came that would better connect cities, boost the economy, reduce emissions and help usher in the world's only superpower. to the High Speed ​​Club which is currently dominated by China, but more than 20 years after it was first introduced, work has begun on the line. not as fast and efficient as the trains it hopes to one day operate plagued by difficulties and fighting America's cultural preference for flying and driving the massive construction project has not yielded much results and some now think it may never be completed completely.

An inside look at California's long, tumultuous, and somewhat incredible fight to build America's first high-speed rail line. The United States doesn't really build high-speed railroads. Its current fastest line between Washington DC and Boston runs trains at 150 mph, but many would say that's not high. Instead, the country is a plane and a car. Travel Center is home to some of the busiest and most congested roads and airports in the world. That's what makes California's plan for 220 mph high-speed rail stand out and feel almost revolutionary. The plan is to unite the regions. of Southern California's San Wen Valley and San Francisco Bay, providing a faster, cleaner way to travel between them, boosting the local economy and limiting disruption to agricultural and protected lands along the Route, reach between these areas has always been a headache and has always meant either a flight or a long car trip, it is a problem that originally sparked Elon Musk's idea for the Hyperloop, although that system's journey to becoming a reality It's a completely different video and the first system is likely to come online in the 2030s outside the US.

It's led by the state-run California High-Speed ​​Rail Authority, and although it was created in 1996, it was not until 2008 that voters approved the plan for the high-speed network Proposition 1A, then almost a billion dollars in bonds were issued for planning. and construction of the network that will extend more than $800 miles. Phase 1 involves construction of that line from San Francisco to La Vía, the Central Valley, which then continues to Anheim. Phase 2 will go from Los Angeles to San Diego with another branch that will extend from said to Sacramento. Construction is currently underway in the Midway section of the A 119 M corridor that connects Madera with Bakersfield with 35 different sites currently active.

A recent news item is the completion of the Sanen River Viaduct superstructure, is a bridge on the border of Fresno and Madna County that acts as a new gateway to the Central Valley, but while there has been some progress, it doesn't exactly make up for the countless setbacks that continue to force delays and drive up costs originally valued at $33 billion in 2008, with services set to begin in 2020, the latest figure now estimated at over a hundred billion and won't be ready until at least 2029 and that's just the first section in the middle, like so many things in life, it all comes down to money that the $10 billion Bond was never intended to cover.

The rest of the project was to come from private investors and the federal government, but those dollars have been hard to come by and many potential backers have not been convinced that Americans would opt to stop flying between the two cities and take the train. instead of staying. Cash has also been a battle in 2019, the Trump administration withdrew nearly a billion dollars in federal funding due to the lack of progress being made now with a new government in power and with Joe Biden famously California high-speed rail. The authority is pushing for this large amount of funds to return to your bank account.

Acquisitions have also been a total nightmare; hundreds of parcels of land are still needed to secure a 65m section in Kings County near Fresco after road construction has begun which isn't exactly ideal even once the Valley Line is finished Central, which will represent only a fraction of the entire system. Crucial connections to Los Angeles and San Francisco are not even close to beginning; those segments arecurrently stuck in the dreaded environmental review stage and there is no real indication of how long that process will take or if it will even lead to full approval and then if it is finally given the green light there is the small matter of raising all that extra money to For this to happen, it is the leaders who label the projects.

They are trained for nowhere A system that ends up serving only the Central Valley where work is actually being done, even California Governor Gavin Nome criticized plans for the overall project in 2019, saying it would cost too much and take too long, blaming to the lack of supervision and transparency. He said that right now there is no path to get from Sacramento to San Diego LED only from San Francisco to Los Angeles. I wish there was The decision to name certain contractors has also been questioned according to the Los Angeles Times, a firm that The promised $300 million in savings by altering designs for the King County Section ended up costing the project $800 million in cost overruns and those proposed changes now have been largely discarded despite all this and with progress closer to the pace of a snail than that of a bullet train.

It is difficult to ignore the benefits that this project would bring if it is finally completed. It's not just about speed and efficiency. Getting people out of their cars will be crucial for the United States to reach the climate change goal set by the Biden Administration with the approval of $2 trillion. infrastructure plan that has about $20 billion earmarked for the Inter City Railroad there is now cautious optimism about the future of high-speed projects across the United States, although California was the first to get going, it is not the only high-speed route that is planned and may not even be the first to complete a high-speed line between Dallas and Houston could be operational by 2026.

There is also bright light in West, a fast connection between Victorville and Las Vegas that It will begin construction in 2021 and would eventually merge with the California Network and private investors are also looking at potential projects in Florida and Maryland, whichever comes first, and even if there are no further delays the first high-speed rail line is still years away. of the United States, a stark contrast to what is happening in competing countries such as China or China. In a very different culture and political system, 2/3 of the world's combined high-speed rail network can now be found here and the Europeans aren't too bad at building it outside the UK, while the US may have little hope to reach out to others.

In this particular race, the completion of the California high-speed line in whatever form it takes would at least set the wheels in motion. If you enjoyed this video and want more from the ultimate construction video channel, be sure to subscribe to b1m.