ALREADY PATENTED!!! - 2 Stroke Engine with Advanced Valve System From Mazda

Hello everyone, welcome to the Ft Share channel. In today's video we dive into Mazda's unique and intriguing new advancement into the two-

stroke

engine

space. Despite adhering to the two-

stroke

concept, this

engine

incorporates an internal

valve

system

in its combustion process. The captivating thing is that this engine does not require an oil mixture for its operation, the good news is that Mazda has

patented

this technology and plans to implement it in its next cars, so here we will delve into the details of this engine from its operating

system

. to its drawbacks and advantages and most importantly, could this engine potentially enter the realm of mass production without further ado, let's delve into the discussion to satiate your curiosity before delving into the intricate details, it might be beneficial to briefly summarize the operation of a conventional engine? two-stroke engine to better highlight the differences with the Mazda two-stroke engine, let's simulate the mechanism of a conventional two-stroke engine with the initial condition that the combustion chamber is full of fuel, first the engine starts its cycle when the piston is positioned at bottom dead center BDC as the piston moves upward, a vacuum is formed at the bottom of the crankcase, inducing the reed

valve

to open naturally and draw in the fuel mixed with oil from two times together with air to supply oxygen to the crankcase at the same time inside the cylinder.

The air-fuel mixture previously present in the combustion chamber is compressed as the piston reaches top dead center around 15° before the piston reaches TDC, the spark plug ignites to ensure that when the piston reaches TDC. TDC, the ignited flame spreads throughout the compressed air and fuel mixture. Upon reaching the TTC, the second step is deployed, the fully propagated flame generates energy known as expansion or power stroke. This expansion phase drives the piston towards BDC as the piston begins to open the exhaust port, combustion debris subsequently exiting as the piston moves further down. opens the transfer port or draws the air-fuel mixture under the piston into the crankcase, compresses it, and is forced into the lower pressure chamber located within the combustion chamber or cylinder.

This gas exchange phase is known as the removal process where the fuel is pushed. The combustion chamber eliminates the remains of the previous combustion. This is how a two-stroke engine operates two steps within one power cycle, as its name implies. Here we observe that in a two-stroke engine each rotation of the crankshaft triggers an ignition. The air and fuel passages remain open depending on the movement of the piston and cannot be altered conversely in a four-stroke engine the cycle follows a more structured sequence opening the intake valve to introduce the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder compression combustion or power stroke opening of the exhaust valve for the expulsion of exhaust gases followed by clearance of the cylinder to start a new cycle in this engine a spark is produced every two rotations of the crankshaft, in theory it requires double the effort to complete each power cycle compared to a two-stroke engine, however, the advantage of a four-stroke engine is that it is not necessary to extract the air-fuel mixture from the crankcase, allowing for better oil retention. of the engine without problems, in addition, the exhaust cycle in a four-stroke engine differs from that of a two-stroke engine in a four-stroke engine the exhaust system contributes to improved fuel efficiency and provides more mileage per liter of fuel .

The question arises as to how we merge these two engines and achieve the advantages of both configurations before looking for a final solution. Let's briefly recap the two-stroke diesel engine discussed above, as well as the The two-stroke diesel engine is commonly applied in larger machinery, such as ships and locomotives. It differs from the typical two-stroke gasoline engine in that it does not depend on the vacuum created by the crankcase and piston to draw in air and fuel. It uses a force induction supercharger system for compression. Additionally, this engine has an exhaust valve placed above the combustion chamber that ensures efficient air circulation and keeps the air clean during the diesel fuel combustion process.

Using a belt-driven compressor known as a supercharger is a superior option. Compared to a turbocharger, especially in low RPM scenarios, as it works more effectively, let's now delve into Mazda's new patent to better understand the workings of its innovative Discovery engine. Basically, this engine comprises elements that are somewhat similar to the camshaft intake valve and also an exhaust. Val valve similar to four-stroke engines, however, has some crucial differences, such as the use of a belt-driven compressor similar to those used in two-stroke diesel engines in terms of operation, when the piston begins its stroke from bottom dead center, the intake valve opens and As the piston rises, the compressor forces air into the cylinder, then the intake valve closes, beginning the compression process.

As fuel compression approaches top dead center, fuel is injected at high pressure, followed by the spark plug igniting and triggering the expansion process. This condition generates the force that drives the piston back to bottom dead center once all the gas energy is used, the exhaust valve opens and shortly after the intake valve reopens simultaneously, the compressor pushes fresh air inward and the exhaust gases exit through the exhaust port, however, it doesn't stop there. The valve seat of the intake ports has a unique design evident. This section is designed to direct the initial airflow toward the cylinder wall when the valve is open, maximizing the removal process.

Furthermore, the intake and exhaust processes occur almost simultaneously with the help of the compressor, essentially transforming the four-stroke engine into a two-stroke one, the short duration of valve opening and the almost simultaneous opening of the intake and exhaust valves They clarify that the camshaft in this engine rotates at the same speed as the crankshaft, this contrasts with a four-stroke engine where the camshaft rotates 360° in half a rotation of the crankshaft. Additionally, this Mazda engine is equipped with additional technology, such as a variable camshaft that enables the EGR system. The advantage of this EGR system is that, under low loads, the exhaust valve closes early to prevent gas from escaping.

Consequently, a portion of the exhaust gases remains in the cylinder and is expected to fill the volume and improve compression, thus delivering more power, reducing pump losses and maintaining high compression and high temperature of the

already

burned gas. Allows the engine to run without the use of spark plugs. similar to a diesel engine, how high is that pressure? The pressure at which fuel is injected into the cylinder is over 700 bar, which is three times higher than in gasoline engines and almost as high as the injection pressure in diesel engines. This mode significantly improves engine performance. Performance under low loads, resulting in better fuel efficiency.

Another critical aspect of this engine is its air-fuel ratio of 14.7 to 1, coming very close to the diesel engines' AFR of 15 to 1, therefore, instead of introducing fresh air into the engine and maintaining an AFR and a tall combustion chamber. The temperature that uses the excess exhaust gases during combustion provides different benefits. It is important to note that this gas is internal, meaning that even with a large engine, most of the cylinder space can be almost completely filled with exhaust gases that have

already

been burned and then to operate only one En In theory, a small amount of fresh air and a little fuel is needed, this allows for better performance than that of a much smaller engine.

The Mazda 2-stroke engine amalgamates several technologies. Firstly, it adopts four-stroke engine valve systems to achieve precise control of fuel and exhaust processes. Second, use. Diesel EGR systems to recycle gases to maintain compression ratio and reduce emissions. Thirdly, it provides one expansion or power stroke per revolution per minute, like a two-stroke engine, which indirectly doubles the cylinder utilization compared to a four-stroke engine. Fourthly, it does not burn oil. It employs a compressor similar to a two-stroke diesel engine, lastly, it uses SkyActive technology to improve fuel efficiency and follows thermodynamic power cycle principles similar to diesel engines. This means using compression for expansion, achieving greater efficiency and presenting a compression ratio close to 15 to 1.

How about it? its shortcomings for its drawbacks we must consider several aspects compared to pure four and two-stroke engines compared to a pure two-stroke engine firstly, the high compression ratio required with a longer stroke crankshaft means that the RPM achieved by the Mazda two-stroke engine the racing engine will not reach the levels of conventional two-stroke engines, secondly, its susceptibility to valve floating, given that the springs ideally work below the 8,000 revolutions per minute, thirdly, the loss of advantages of the assembly process, higher assembly costs and higher production expenses due to its highly complex construction. Lastly, the need for a heavy force induction system significantly increases the weight of the vehicle, significantly compounded by the additional weight of the cylinder head.

Now its disadvantages are compared with a four-stroke engine. First, the expansion process that occurs once per revolution per minute increases engine vibration. Second, the use of high performance. Injection is crucial to supply high pressure fuel at every RPM considering the high pressure injector applied in cars like the Mercedes amg2 Z lbbo M 139 with a maximum speed of 7200 revolutions per minute, dividing that RPM range by two and adding a Longest race at both Mazda. A racing engine is likely to operate within a low RPM range, around 4000 revolutions per minute, compared to electric motors. This engine could compete well by looking at thermal efficiency and referring to diesel engines, it could reach 40-50% while electric motors are around 50-60%. a bit behind the times, but considering the high cost of batteries and the relatively fragile components of electric motors, Mazda's two-stroke engine could gain a foothold in the market now.

As for sound, don't expect the high-pitched scream that a pleasant ear pleasure due to the RPM range. of the Mazda two-stroke engine still raises doubts, I also do not anticipate a harmonious blend of sounds from a Lexus four-stroke engine and a two-stroke motorcycle, however, the sound of the Mazda two-stroke engine will certainly be unique and It will have its distinctive character, okay? I think that's enough information for this video. What do you think the Mazda two-stroke engine we just discussed will sound like? Feel free to share your thoughts in the comments section below. I am very eager to hear your opinions.