Who Sank The Titanic? - The Secrets Behind the History | Free Documentary History

The sinking of the Titanic is one of the most famous and tragic stories of all time, but the way it met its fate was not just the result of a collision between an ocean liner and an iceberg. From the very day it was designed, it was almost doomed. Scientific evidence reveals the chain of events that led to the disappearance of a ship thought to be unsinkable and led to the deaths of more than 1,500 people. The largest maritime loss in modern

history

. There were many questions about the role materials played in After the ship

sank

for the first time, scientists believe they have discovered the final piece of the puzzle that has baffled experts for nearly half a century, a mystery involving a fateful combination of flaws. of design and poor choice of shipbuilding materials that put the Titanic into motion. a collision course with death and destiny April 14, 1912 in the dead of night on a calm, calm sea an extraordinary event is occurring an iceberg with a mass of half a million tons moves into the path of the iceberg

titanic

just forward starboard harder they have seconds to react at 11:39 pm

titanic

scrapes the iceberg officials believe they have averted disaster but below the waterline it is another story news about the number of lives lost breaks One day after the disaster, among the dead were some of the richest and most influential celebrities of the time, as well as hundreds of poor immigrants dreaming of a new life in America, the grieving relatives of the victims in Britain and the United States.

They are stunned and desperate to know how the impossible could have happened: the Titanic was designed to be the most luxurious and is also the safest ship ever built, even if it was hit by another ship; she was designed to stay afloat; However, it took her only two hours to sink after colliding with an iceberg. Now, almost a hundred years later, there are still some unanswered questions: who or what was responsible and why the most powerful ship of its time is sinking so quickly. Forensic mythologist Jennifer Hooper McCarty is reconstructing the events that took place on that fateful trip and is re-examining the forensic evidence recovered from the shipwreck along with survivor testimonies and archival records from 1912.

We have very little knowledge of what that impact was like, what we do know is based solely on survivor testimony from 1912 Two weeks after the sinking of the Titanic, a British public inquiry is held, a panel of judges will decide who was to blame for the disaster. and the loss of more than fifteen hundred lives the key witness is bruce ismay, the president of white star, 50 years old, the owner of the titanic, is one of the few men who survived the maiden voyage wireless operator harold bride and the second Officer Charles Lighthaller also testifies. The testimony of these three men is vital to deciding who was to blame.

I assume that you yourself gave the instructions for the construction of the Titanic. Yes, and of course he considered the issue of the ship's buoyancy in cases of accident or emergency. some special consideration to the question of providing additional accommodation for the lifeboats, I believe the position was taken that the ship was considered to be practically unsinkable. She herself was considered a lifeboat two years before the scheduled launch date. Ismei met with her chief designer, Alexander Carlisle. The ladder needs to be much larger, the bulkhead will just have to be lowered. Is there a problem? Is it not safe?

Of course, excuse me. Bulkheads are partitions used to create watertight compartments in the ship's hull, each of which could be insulated and sealed. To contain flooding in the event of an emergency, the higher the bulkheads, the safer the ship, as the more likely water would be contained within damaged compartments. Each of the 16 compartments is watertight in case of a leak. Each compartment can be closed. sealed by an electric door operated from the bridge even if four compartments are flooded, she will stay afloat just fine, let's lower the belt kits to the height of the watertight compartments will be lowered just three meters above the water line, the Ship's deck should not be so crowded, crowded, yes, crowded, people don't pay to watch the stakes of life, well, I thought 48 was a reasonable amount, especially if the board of trade increased the requirements, well, no let's guess the British border trade, let's move on to the big hold and this encounter with the mysteries can last four hours yes, we are talking about all the decorations of the ship, never mind the decorations, we are talking about lifeboats, well, the part of the lifeboat will take about five or ten minutes, how many lifeboats are there?

Did you think there should be three in each set of davits and how many would make a total of 48 votes? You thought there should be 48 yes, while in reality how many were there 16 16 while the design of the Titanic is changing two thousand miles away nature is unleashing a terrible force a glacier made of ten thousand year old snow reaches the ocean a mass of ice weighing up to two million tons - the equivalent of more than five Empire State buildings - is released. It is simply one of the forty thousand icebergs that hatch each year along the coast of Greenland.

Its chances of survival are small, but this iceberg is different over the next two years a strange chain of events, misjudgment and human error would put this iceberg and the Titanic on track to collide one month later, ocean currents take it on an incredible journey. Tens of thousands of icebergs break off Greenland each year and make their way down the coast of Labrador and Newfoundland, and a very small percentage of them, perhaps only one to four percent, will reach where they became. a threat to shipping as the iceberg continues to rise up the west coast of Greenland work begins on the Titanic will take two years to build and will be the world's largest man-made moving object shipbuilding is in transition machines are replacing men steel replacing iron the vast The hull of the Titanic is designed to be watertight using overlapping steel plates and three million rivets inserted by a hydraulic machine, but the machine is so cumbersome that it can only be used in straight sections of the ship in the curved area of ​​the bow they had to insert the rivets manually but the steel rivets were too difficult to hammer so instead they used wrought iron rivets which are much more malleable, this will potentially weaken a small area of ​​the bow section, but it is widespread practice and nothing unusual has ever arisen.

In the summer of 1911, the iceberg is now 18 months old and heading towards Baffin Bay, an area where most icebergs reach the end of their journey. Along the path of an iceberg's movement there are numerous bays and areas of shallow water where icebergs can be trapped, most are destroyed before reaching as far south as the island of Newfoundland, but this iceberg manages to

free

itself from Baffin Bay and continues its journey south for the next six months. The Titanic is in the final stages of being outfitted with an army. of carpenters and craftsmen are at work creating the interior splendor of the ship the captain chosen for the maiden voyage is edward john smith the most experienced captain on the white star line it will be his last voyage before retiring he was nicknamed the captain of millionaires like guggenheim or even jp morgan would change their voyages and travel arrangements to be able to sail on a ship commanded by captain smith march 1912 the sister ship of the titanic olympic returns to port for emergency repairs, so the maiden voyage of the titanic is delayed a month will now sail in mid-April, the month in which most icebergs appear in the shipping routes of the North Atlantic, against all odds, the iceberg that fell into the sea two years earlier has reached the east coast of Newfoundland and It remains a colossus with a mass of more than half a million tons, more than 10 times the weight of the Titanic and moving another 17 kilometers per day directly in the path of major shipping routes.

The Titanic leaves Belfast for Southampton, where she continues. her first passengers, but the unexpected delay of the Titanic's maiden voyage forces Captain Smith to make a last-minute reorganization of his crew. Good afternoon, gentlemen, as you all know, the Olympic is currently paralyzed, so it has been decided that the director of the Olympic Games, Mr. Wilde. You will be joining us as Chief Officer so Mr. Murdock will now be First Officer Mr. Faro you will be Second Officer Mr. Blair I would like to speak to you privately can you believe it? the arrival of olympic officers means murdoch and lightholer are demoted second mate blair is asked to abandon ship blair wants to get off the ship so badly that he accidentally takes the key to his locker it's a crucial oversight his locker contains the binoculars for lookouts in the crow's nest on the day before her maiden voyage to new york the titanic receives her final check by a british board of trade inspector 16 standard lifeboats passenger capacity 65 70 if things get bad reducing the number of lifeboats to 16 means there is now only enough space for 1,000 people less than half on board the size of ocean liners had quadrupled in the 15 years before the Titanic set sail, but lifeboat regulations of the Board of Trade remain the same.

The Titanic is approved. 16 lifeboats are considered satisfactory for more than 2,000 people. The Titanic leaves Southampton docks. for New York with 600 crew and more than 1,500 passengers, although the Titanic is the latest in luxury liners, not only does it carry millionaires, many are third-class passengers who emigrate to the United States in search of a new life, one of those was Melvina Dean at that time. then a 10 week old baby traveling with his parents my father was going to open a tobacconist in kansas he spent all his money on it and then couldn't afford to do anything but go third class because it was a luxury ship all the time time there were millionaires in it and also the most important thing is that they said it was unsinkable after picking up more passengers in france and ireland captain smith's plan is to cross the atlantic in six days he will need to cross the ocean at just over 19 knots the equivalent of 35 kilometers per hour captain smith is well aware of the risk posed by spring icebergs to keep his ship out of danger he charts a route south across the atlantic away from the known ice region the huge white iceberg continues to move further towards south towards the Great Banks despite having been eroded by the sea, it is still more than four times the size of the Titanic.

About one-eighth of an iceberg's mass is above the sea surface. The term classical, of course, is just the tip of the iceberg. Most of the dough. It is below the surface of the ocean and you cannot see what is above the surface. It is a relatively small portion of the ice, but back in 1912 ships had to rely on ice warnings from other ships and from their lookouts in the top, the Titanic had already traveled halfway. Atlantic its 200-foot-high masts hold antennas that allow its state-of-the-art wireless system to communicate with other ships up to 600 kilometers away. Senior wireless operator Jack Phillips is beginning to receive ice warnings from other ships that are further west of them.

The first ice warning of the day is from the liner the Corona gives the location of an area of ​​ice and icebergs that is within one day of the titanic jack phillips works on a shift system with his assistant harold bride you were appointed by the marconi company to serve as assistant wireless operator on the titanic yes, it was mr phillips, the main operator yes, the bride and phillips no They are employees of the titanic but yes of marconi it was a long breakfast although they maintain communication with other ships sending messages to the passengers, this is how they make their money dear jenny roger has proposed saying yes, I am terribly worried, I said yes to arthur before to leave love sister, the first of many, no doubt, lead something before she delivers it, yes, you can take this to Captain Smith, assuming she gets a message to the Marconi. space for the captain, what does he do?

I'll take it to the captain. I guess this would be a piece of paper. Yes, it's a piece of paper. They have sealed them in an envelope. Mister. There is a lifeboat drill at 11am. m. 11 a.m. mr captain smith, thank you miss sarah, true sir, ice warnings are not unusual in spring and the ice region mentioned in the crown message is a long way from the titanic. I'll be at the church service, Mr. Murdock, and then I'll make my rounds, yes. Sir I guessThat means lifeboat drills have been cancelled. The captain never gives a reason why he cancels the lifeboat drill in case of an emergency.

The crew does not rehearse while the captain reads his sermon. The plowman carries the iceberg further south over the great banks. current and is now less than 600 kilometers away will soon collide with another ocean current that is making its way along the east coast of the united states this current carries a block of warm water the gulf stream can reach a temperature of 18 degrees Celsius icebergs in these sea conditions will deteriorate rapidly with the impact of the waves a medium-sized iceberg could disappear in just 10 days the titanic is heading southwest towards the gulf stream it must be on a course that gets it out of the way of any iceberg the titanic receives the second ice warning of the day is from the steamship baltic and gives the location of a region containing icebergs the prefix msg would show that it is so important that it was for the captain's attention there will be five ice warnings during the day but this will be the last one the captain will receive at two in the afternoon the captain delivers the message to isme anyone would think that we were heading towards the north pole two weeks after the disaster the investigation will try to demonstrate that it is possible that the captain would have wanted to stay on schedule and ignore any ice warnings.

Why do you think the captain gave you the marconi gram as a matter of information? I assume you knew, of course, that the proximity of icebergs was a danger. Did you know. It is not like this? There is always danger with ice and you knew it. You would be in the ice region at some point on that Sunday night, yes, and therefore those responsible for the navigation of the ship had to be very careful, naturally it would not be necessary slow down for icebergs, presumably, so yeah, so what's the problem? In order to continue at full speed through the night if you expect to encounter ice, why do you do it?

I suppose the captain would be anxious to get through the ice region and would not want to slow down in case of fog forming. The goal is to get through it as quickly as possible. I suppose if a man on a perfectly clear night could see far enough to clear an iceberg then he would be perfectly justified in traversing the ice region as quickly as possible even someone like bruce may would be deferential to captain smith's word the captain is everything on board a ship he is god on board his word is the word of god the titanic is moving away from the iceberg but is about to change course at 5:30 pm, captain smith had planned a southwest course change west, but due to the earlier Baltic ice warning, he delayed the change of direction by 20 minutes to allow the ship to travel further south toward a safe area of ​​the Gulf Stream and away from the dangerous southern ice region 86 west mr hitchens firm she says ironically she has now put the titanic on a direct collision course with the iceberg it is because in 1912 a phenomenon took place that allowed icebergs to travel further south than was ever thought possible, the cold current has moved around the iceberg to form a protective layer that insulates it against the warming effects of the Gulf Stream and prevents it from melting.

Now it all depends on the path the Labrador Current takes where the Labrador Current goes. gulf stream allows you to go depending on the exact location of the gulf stream, cold water can move quite a bit south of the tail of the bank if the gulf stream moves south you have relatively cold water pushing very far to the south into the northern atlantic ocean in shipping lanes in recent years icebergs have moved as far south as the latitude of philadelphia as the iceberg makes its way into shipping lanes is detected by the californian who triggers iceberg warnings at titanic while phillips was resting in the cabin next to the wireless room his assistant girlfriend is handling the wireless connection although the girlfriend heard the californian's message he did not answer although you knew she had been called you had something else to do yes what business was the What were you attending to at that time?

He was writing the accounts. The Titanic's wireless operators serve two functions: They transmit weather reports and ice warnings, but they are also expected to keep a tally of all passenger messages they send at 7:20 p.m. m. the girlfriend finishes her accounts and then intercepts the message. from the californian warns of three large icebergs seen at latitude 42 north longitude 49 west directly in the path of the titanic it is for the captain I am going to the bridge but captain smith has already left the bridge and is now having dinner with the passengers and you simply handed it to him an officer on the bridge is to the captain what officer I do not remember any of the surviving officers remember seeing this vital message to this day no one knows if the message was delivered without any reason to change course Titanic Steams ahead straight towards the road of the iceberg on April 14, 1912 the titanic was heading towards the united states with more than 2,000 passengers on board not only was the sea calm but it was also a moonless night a rare combination of conditions that make it difficult to see icebergs in the distance, as was the case with all passenger ships of the time, there is no official procedure to reduce speed in the event of ice traveling at almost full speed.

The Titanic will reach the iceberg in two hours, but the officer's main concern is focused on small prone icebergs called growlers All icebergs are dangerous, but in reality a small iceberg or a growler that may be only the size of a small car can be very dangerous, since the risk of a ship colliding with it is likely to be minor, but the possibility of a ship not doing so. see, it's higher, be on the lookout for ice, particularly small ice and growlers, and pass that word around until dawn, sir, what is a growler?, growler really is the worst form of ice.

It is a larger melting burg or should I say a solid body of ice that is lower in the water and much harder to see than field ice or icebergs what was the speed of the ship 21 knots 21 knots is about 700 yards per minute in your opinion could a growler be seen at a safe distance at night? At that rate I consider that I can see a growler at a mile and a half or more, probably two miles at 10 o'clock, the fleet and lee begin their watch with poor visibility, the lookouts are attentive to the growlers without realizing that the The looming danger comes from a large iceberg.

During its two-year journey, the iceberg has reduced its size but is still 30 meters high, the same height as the crow's nest. The titanic is moving at a maximum speed of 40 kilometers per hour. captain smith checks the bridge before retiring for the night it is cold yes it is cold sir there is not much wind either no sir in fact it is a flat calm yes a flat calm they both realized at that moment that since it was a flat calm it would be more difficult see the ice as As far as the iceberg case is concerned, yes it will be much more difficult, naturally you wouldn't see the water breaking on it if there was no wind, so you wouldn't have to look, there should be a certain amount of reflected light . from the iceberg, sir, yes, as long as it is clear, if there is any doubt, let me know immediately, you see, can I tell you if I missed the light follower?

If you were in similar circumstances, would you still be hitting 21.5 knots? Well, it seems so. carelessly, you know we should recklessly hit her and slap her against an iceberg no matter what, but we certainly shouldn't do that. What I want to suggest to you is that it was reckless in view of the abnormal conditions and in view of the knowledge you had. If there was ice in the vicinity to proceed at 21.5 knots, then all I can say is that recklessness applies to virtually every commander of every ship crossing the Atlantic Ocean. Phillips is on a very tight deadline and only has a two-hour window to send Every passenger message while the Titanic is within receiver range Cape Race in Newfoundland is interrupted by the fifth and most critical ice warning of the day.

It is from another ship, the SS Masaba, which gives the precise location of an area containing icebergs. Now just 80 kilometers from the Titanic, this would alert the captain that the Titanic was heading directly toward the iceberg, but the warning came without the critical message prefix. Phillips interprets the message as non-urgent and resends messages to the passengers on the ship closest to the Titanic. The Californian sends a message to say that they have stopped for the night due to ice, but his wireless operator has not waited for Phillips to leave. of sending his messages and overrides it with a powerful signal ah damn idiot phillips responds to tell the californian to stop sending ice warnings while he's busy with passenger messages who is he?

California continues to send weather reports. I'm still planning this whole batch. You want me to take over when I go back to sleep. You can do it at 12. I'm not working. After midnight I'm knackered Californians' response is to turn off their wireless equipment at night The Titanic has lost radio contact with the only ship less than two hours away at 11:30 p.m. m. the iceberg is only six kilometers away traveling 40 kilometers in one hour the titanic will collide with it in 10 minutes officer blair's earlier decision to leave with the keys to the binocular locker now the fleet of lookouts comes into play and reads They have to rely on their own eyesight.

Can you explain to my lord that my glasses were not provided for the lookouts on the Titanic? No, I couldn't offer any explanation if it had been a matter at his discretion. Would he have provided them? So if they had been on the boat, I could have done it. If he had had his glasses on the bridge, we had him. From time to time throughout the voyage there would be a pair of glasses available on the bridge deck which could have been given or given to the lookout if there had been glasses in the crow's nest, would he have used them? they yes constantly yes after all you are the man who discovered the iceberg yes, if it were necessary to have glasses, don't you think I should have gone to the bridge or telephoned the bridge and said: they tell me to be alert and I You don't have glasses, they would know but you didn't catch their attention.

No, I didn't think about it. Do you think that if you had had glasses you could have seen the iceberg sooner? How much sooner do you think you could have seen it? it's time for the ship to move out of the way so you can see if you had glasses it would have made the difference between safety and disaster yes it's a minor orion it's a major orion the iceberg is 100 meters away and it's getting closer We are on the Titanic but the lookouts haven't seen it yet because the sea is calm without binoculars. It is impossible for lookouts to spot an iceberg until it is right above them.

Ice pack just ahead of starboard strongest after putting boat engines in reverse gear. Murdoch's instinct is to move away from the iceberg from the bridge. It seems that they have been lucky to escape. The collision is so soft that many of the passengers and crew sleep while forensic metalologist Hooper McCarty will be instrumental in discovering why such a soft collision has consequences. so devastating that the first place to look will be the testimonies of the survivors and one in particular would catch your attention some people barely felt it some explained it as a kind of indirect blow a shudder but not something that moved them through the ship Firefighter Barrett It was one of the most important testimonies.

He talked about standing in boiler room number six and seeing water coming out. Your name is Frederick Barrett. Yeah, now just tell us what happened that he saw in the primer. A red light comes on. When the boat was supposed to stop properly, this red light came on. I'm the man in charge of the guard. I called to have all the dampers closed. What was the next thing that happened? The crash happened before we knew where the crash was. The water gushed in. or two feet above the storage plate, can you point out where that is on the boat?

The side of the ship was torn off from the third fuel tank to the forward end. This was the clue Hooper McCarty had been looking for. Firefighter Barrett's testimony suggests there was no damage. due to a fracture in the mid plate or within the full plates, it suggests that there may be some problem with the seams, perhaps the question was really in the rivets, the quality of the rivets, to find out he decides to analyze the 46 rivets recovered in 1998. During an expedition to the wreckage of the Titanic he makes a surprising discovery and comes closer to solving the mystery of what led to the sinking of the Titanic.

Hooper McCarty has been studying rivets recovered from the wreckage of the Titanic. The first step in the forensic study. The research was to discover what those rivets were made of and how that material would act under different conditions.mechanical tests. Some are discovered to be made of steel. Some are made of iron. Hooper McCarty conducts a groundbreaking experiment for the first time on the effects of use. Iron rivets are explored instead of steel. A section of the Titanic's hull is reproduced. We compared a wrought iron rivet to a steel rivet and found that with very little movement of the steel plate (five millimeters) a point was reached in the wrought iron rivet or when it would begin to fail, the test replicates the amount of pressure under which the Titanic's hull was during the collision.

The iron rivets fail under the pressure of the iceberg and break off one at a time. The hull of the Titanic opens like a zipper allowing enormous quantities. of water to flood, so here we have a ship that is unsinkable, state-of-the-art for 1912, built with one and a half inch thick steel plates and wrought iron rivets, but as Hooper McCarty continues his experiments, he Vital information: wrought iron is 30 times weaker than steel, but it should still have been strong enough to hold the hull together. Could there be something else that has weakened the rivets? To find out more, he decides to examine the century-old rivets under an electron microscope. she finds large particles embedded in the iron structure.

When you look at wrought iron you see a combination of iron or pure iron and these impurities that are trapped in particles known as slag can strengthen the wrought iron in one direction but can weaken it in the opposite direction in the perpendicular direction these slag particles have the potential to make rivets brittle and prone to fracturing when wrought iron rivets are hammered into place the slag particles are at a 90 degree angle creates a weakness in the head of the rivets is a defect that could would have gone completely unnoticed if the ship had not hit the iceberg during the collision that night those weak rivets could not withstand that force and their heads, the pot that firefighter Barrett probably described was a split seam due to the bursting of the heads of rivets from the very day it was designed, it was almost doomed, so if you want, you can say it so clearly that it is almost the Achilles heel of the Titanic, but Hooper McCarty is still not satisfied why.

Did the rivets used to construct the hull contain so many impurities? The next step in her search for clues takes her to the archives of the shipyard where the Titanic was built. She makes a surprising discovery. I went to Belfast and looked through Harland and Wolf's files. of ordering contracts iI was seeing the number three iron being used instead of the number four, which was the standard at the time. The builders of the Titanic had not ordered number four wrought iron, the best and purest, but number three iron, a lower grade with a much higher concentration. of slag impurities, this had a huge effect on the strength of the rivets in the room of the Titanic.

The critical problem is that with poor or poor quality wrought iron you end up with a weakness in the rivet head if you have good quality wrought iron. you don't have the same weakness, it will break, the rivet will fail, but it will last a little longer and 1500 people's lives would have been saved and then a ship could have gotten there and rescued the people before the ship was doomed. McCarty couldn't figure out who authorized the purchase of the weakest batch of iron rivets and why we hit an iceberg. The watertight doors close as soon as the collision occurs, but as the rivets in the hull fail, the water is breaking holes in the sides of the ship.

At midnight, one of the designers of the ship on its maiden voyage delivers the shocking news: Does anything matter? Have we hit something? I'm afraid we've hit an iceberg. How bad is it? She is drinking water. She is sinking. Mr. Esme, but that's impossible. In two hours she will be at the bottom of the ocean. Can't. We close the compartments we have trapping hundreds of men underneath, but it doesn't work. I don't understand that she's supposed to stay afloat with four compartments flooded. We're flooding five compartments. Mr. Esme, I'll be in the wireless room. Maddock, should I prepare the lifeboat, sir?

Yes, but there is no need to scare the passengers. I understand, sir. Most of the crew and all passengers believe that the damage to the ship is minimal without knowing that the ship is letting in water at 400 tons per minute. The large volume of water was so much weight that it was pulling the bow of the ship down and as each compartment was submerged underwater the water flowed into the next compartment, flooding, the mathematical principles of the ship as each compartment was flooded and sinking were established previously. The decision to lower the bulkheads now has a dramatic effect with higher bulkheads, the flood in each compartment would have taken longer to fill and overflow into the next compartment with lower bulkheads, the ship is now flooding rapidly but the designers did not lower the forward bulkhead because they believed it was crucial they anticipated that any collision would be frontal if this occurred the water would not flood beyond the forward collision bulkhead no one imagined that an iceberg would collide with the bow it was the worst possible scenario in this part of the ship it was not designed to withstand the force of an impact, I believe that if William Murder had crashed directly into the iceberg, the Titanic would have survived, the main impact would have been received by its collision bulkhead, the steel wall up to the weather deck, deck further high inside the ship, this design for bulkheads made sense a hundred years ago, the last time a ship hit an iceberg was in 1879, when the ss arizona crashed into a head, the bow was severely crushed, but it held up float, proving that the front the bulkhead did its job at midnight the girlfriend must take over from phillips now it's been 40 minutes after the collision they still have no idea how serious the situation is I finished the lot it took me exactly three hours yes well done I have the engine stopped yes apparently We have hit an iceberg.

Looks like we'll be heading back to Belfast. Great, that means another load of messages sorry dear. You are running out of options on what to do, but you have the miracle of wireless, this new technology on board, there is more here, if we read them, go ahead, we will be in New York in two days, submit the regulatory call for assistance now , reserve the Horsham sensor. the cqd regulation assistance call come on man wake up i need our position 41 46 north 50 14 west i just got a damn move sir it might take a few minutes why not send sos it's the new call , it's worth a try, let me know.

As soon as a call comes in, yes sir, you're a smart guy, then Philips can communicate with all ships within the 400 mile wireless range. His best hope is the Californian, who is only 20 miles away and close enough to save everyone, but after receiving Philips' rude message. Her wireless connection will remain off until morning. Who is it? It's Frankfurt, okay, wait for the useless. The Titanic's powerful radio signal is reaching very far. Frankfurt is more than 100 kilometers away. They need to contact a much closer ship. I don't know why the Californians didn't respond. The steamships continued. Established routes across the Atlantic they nicknamed it the Transatlantic Railway there were hundreds of ship movements every day so there was always an opportunity to stay in radio contact with another ship or even see another ship that you could ask for help if you needed it, It is the Carpathian that is setting course and heading towards us.

Take this, excuse me, sir, she is from the Carpathian, sir, she has turned around and is coming as fast as she can. No other ship, the Frankfurt, has told us to wait. I'm trying the californian but she's not responding thank you sir girlfriend sir anything the olympian could be on the way even with only 16 lifeboats they can all be transported to safety if the cartapatia reaches the titanic within two hours the captain now knows the The safety of its passengers is a race against time. The Titanic is seriously damaged and

sank

quickly into the water. One of the nearby ships, the Carpathians, has picked up its distress signal and is on its way.

For the thousands of passengers, it is their only chance of rescue. She is 58 miles away from Mr. Carpatia. The maximum speed is no more than 15 knots. She is four hours away, sir, but we can only stay afloat for another two hours. Perhaps it is better that you return to the deck of the ship, sir. Captain Murdock People Don't Pay to Look at Lifeboats Captain Smith knows exactly how many are on board, he knows exactly how many spaces he has in the lifeboats and he knows exactly how long the Titanic has to live. A large number of passengers on board are going to die.

There comes a time when Captain Smith suffered some kind of mental breakdown. because at that moment the command structure collapses on board and we better start loading passengers into the light boats sir sir yes women and children first yes let's do that sir light carrier then you will misinterpret the captain's order with terrible consequences two months Melvina Dean is one of the few steerage passengers who made it to lifeboat now 96. She is the last living survivor. Many people thought the ship was unsinkable, so they stayed. My father was very quick and got us up immediately. on deck you can't stay here still, okay, no need to panic, one at a time in the lifeboat, only women and children, sir, and then my mother says goodbye to my father and only a few will be married four years old, so she was so heartbroken that she never talked about it because I was small they couldn't hold me and they had to put me in a bag only women and children sir lightholer interprets captain smith's orders to mean that women and children children just fart and that allows unnecessary deaths to be caused unnecessary deaths many of the lifeboats are launched half empty ismae is on the starboard deck helping women and children get into the last lifeboat did you see how many passengers were put in this one lifeboat?

No, I didn't see it at the time. Did it seem to be? full it was very full while they were attracting it there was no order for you to enter no none ismei is one of the few men who takes a place in the lifeboats the last lifeboat leaves with more than 1600 people on board the titanic stay afloat only 30 minutes more time is quickly running out the titanic is sinking in just 30 more minutes she will be at the bottom of the ocean then she will have done her full duty there is nothing else she can do leave her cabin it is now every man for himself The captain He said we should leave for a moment while there is still electricity on board.

Phillips attempts to stay in communication with the Carpathia by updating her on the Titanic's situation. What is it that the Frankfurt is interfering with the Carpathian signal even though there are enough life jackets to go? around the chaos on the ship means many are left without girlfriends later we will talk about a boiler room stoker who was forced to take desperate measures please don't move let him rot. Captain Smith was last seen on the bridge with which she will go down. A ship more than two hours after the collision with the iceberg the Titanic sinks to the bottom of the ocean Bride is one of the 1,500 people who dive into the ICC How did you get off the deck of the ship? a collapsible boat dragged me and the water was rising all the time, yeah, and then the water was flush with the deck of the boat, yeah, and it dragged this boat into the sea and you with it, yeah, last time I saw it at Phillips, he was standing on the deck, so then you found yourself. in the water, what happened next, very far from the Titanic, when someone goes into the water, especially very cold water, the first thing they will experience is panic and shock as soon as they are exposed to

free

zing or near freezing water temperatures.

Freezing as they undoubtedly were, nocturnal disorientation, exhaustion and loss of consciousness are likely within the first 15 minutes and survival is only likely for 15 to 45 minutes. Your core temperature begins to drop. It's only a matter of time before hypothermia sets in, whether you die because. from the cold or you'll drown, it's a horrible way to die, the best thing anyone can do is get out of the water, if you can, both Bride and Lighthaller manage to stay out of the water by clinging to an overturned lifeboat, they will eventually find each other. Picked up by another lifeboat two hours after the sinking of the Titanic, the Carpathia arrives early in the morning to rescue the passengers.

The bride survives suffering only from frostbite to her feet, but the Carpathia arrives too late for her friend and colleague Phillips, who dies in the sea.1523. who died on April 14, 1912 only 328 bodies were recovered most are buried in a cemetery in halifax many of the bodies cannot be identified and are simply marked with a number they found some of their bodies and took them to halifax but They never found my father, you know you're stopping and you're wondering what happened to him if he jumped overboard or if he sank on the boat or you have no idea what happened which is pretty horrible it was mainly men who died but That does not mean only the men were part of the tragedy, there were women and children in the water and not in the lifeboats, it was part of that tragedy, there were quite a few children and women who did not manage to reach the lifeboats, Roger, thank you for that.

You have Of course you have to make sure this never happens again. The international ice patrol is established after the Titanic tragedy. One of the things we do every year is display wreaths as close as possible to the position where the Titanic sank. It is with great respect. and reverence that we commemorate the anniversary of the sinking of the RMS Titanic here in the North Atlantic 96 years ago and remember the importance of our mission, we remember the more than 1,500 souls who perished on that fateful day on April 15, 1912. thank you, the The fact that more than 1,500 people have lost their lives is something terrible, something indescribable that we do not want to happen again.

The conclusions of the investigation were that the ship was traveling at excessive speed in an icy region, but that none of the crew members were to blame, they were just carrying out standard practices at the time. It was recommended that in the future the number of lifeboats on the ship should be sufficient for all people on board. I believe the investigation is a complete undercover cover-up. The board of trade is in effect investigating a disaster that is largely its own. The investigation also decided that it is possible that the captain was not influenced by the speed and that he was not at fault in the design of the boat.

The press was not so forgiving that they rated Ismea. cowardly for taking a place in a lifeboat, she resigns as president six months later and dies at the age of 74. Despite the overwhelming evidence, the investigation does not mention the chain of events and decisions that led to the disaster of the 16 lifeboats at the height of the bulkhead the change of direction of the ship the wireless message that no officer would receive the wireless message that was The Californian ignores, turning off his radio, the lack of binoculars in the crow's nest and the iceberg that is born at the same time as the Titanic and against all odds they travel further south than is believed possible, but it will take almost a hundred years to reveal the defect. fatal located in the hull of the Titanic that caused it to sink so quickly just two hours after its rescue and caused the death of more than 1,500 people. people you