Neutron Bomb: When The Nuclear Arms Race Got Out Of Control | M.A.D World | Timeline

This channel is part of the historic success Network The

world

has changed forever thanks to a new

nuclear

technology two superpowers dominate the

world

, each facing the other in a state of no war, this is the story of the Cold War, how to press one button could lead to total global destruction together we will save our planet or together we will perish in its flame The fight between two political systems and millions of people to spy was very much part of the Cold War and how the world that lived in constant fear. Mad World, mutual assured destruction.

In episode 5, advances in

nuclear

technology and danger to the world again, our two nations now have five times as many missile warheads as they did just eight years ago, tens of hundreds of thousands of systems, each of which is capable of destroying the general peace of humanity in the blink of an eye. The moon and the end of a war are never the end of the moment of suffering. Nowadays, bodies are simply left there until they are mutilated by animals and traffic. The Cold War conflict spreads to a new continent to learn what it's like to be under fire. three shaky recruits faced a klashnikov rifle The boys next door became mass murderers I went out there basically to get enough money to buy a house and the latest nuclear weapon is an invisible assassin an evil weapon basically totally inhuman thanks Chile November 1970. an electoral victory will lead to the violent death of the nation's leader begins peacefully the Chilean people vote in a socialist coalition unique political development in Latin America in September Dr.

Salvador Ayende was elected President of Chile the first Marxist Head of State in the continent to achieve power through Democratic means that we were very happy because the agenda represents a great change in Chilean society. Well, my position was initially in charge in the south of Chile. The Ministry of Agriculture. Allende is originally a doctor. This is his fourth attempt to gain power. He wastes no time in recourse. his country by the oligarchy and all those governments were puppets of the United States and took their natural resources from Chile with North American companies. The large open pit mines in Chile produce the largest amount of copper in the world, three of the largest are American owned.

The Marxist president of Chile, Salvador Allente, nationalized the American copper mines, the government also nationalized the main banks and large land holdings, but worst of all for Americans, Allende is a communist. Chile is six thousand kilometers south of the US. Top secret movements are being made in the United States at the highest level Nixon says the government's agenda must be stopped in any way the government's policies have failed Marxist theory It does not work among a free people, no one knows at that time, but President Nixon is planning to put an end to the communist government regime.

Washington cuts credit to Chile. The international plan. The monetary fund. They close any aid to cheaters. The cooling in the economy slowed down. Food was scarce and

when

anti-government demonstrations occurred Allende declared a state of emergency and instituted food rationing tension in the country increases we didn't have a strong perception of American influence, the historic success is an award-winning streaming platform created by fans of history for history fans. Our goal is to bring you award-winning documentaries covering the events and figures that have shaped our world, all in one place. Join us to the fascinating world of prehistoric Scotland or discover the lives of the people who called Pompeii home.

We also aim to bring you the stories and legends that shaped our world through our award-winning podcast network. Sign up now for a free trial and

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. fans get 50 off their first three months, just be sure to use the code

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at checkout. They were talking to different members of the military to convince them of the need for a true legendary and then the Army tries to take over. You may be able to hear. Now the fighting erupted into chaos and terror hit the streets of Santiago. UPI's television cameraman, television cameraman Ricardo Correa, was filming a portion of a shooting from the 11th floor of the United Press International Office, some troops on the street saw the reflection of his camera and mistook it for a gun and he riddled the office with rifle shots, that's right, the coup attempt fails, then Allende is re-elected as president, but peace doesn't last long now, the striking truck drivers of their families camped in the fields near their idle vehicles.

The military has seized most of the vehicles, but was looking for tow trucks because owned drivers and recalled platinum tires and engine parts recently released documents reveal U.S. funded truckers' strike even once again I don't think he knew that the American government can overthrow him. Only five days after its formation, the cabinet of the Salvadoran president has suffered its first casualty. General César Ruiz with his Minister of Transportation also resigned as Commander of the Air Force. The Chilean economy collapses. The response is thank you. While watching the

bomb

ing of Moneta, it was simply incredible.

Two

bomb

er pilots and they were just flying around the building, they flew around our apartment building and found the Monada and then they circled around, they circled about 10 times. I thought it would be the Sandra systems, you know, because we don't believe. the entire army or all the bad guys were with the pool we were wrong the military attack on the Presidential Palace is ruthless

when

gunfire broke out in Chile 12 days ago when the Salvador government was effectively overthrown an estimated 350 Americans took refuge in Santiago and other cities were smiling between snipers above us and the military below, yes, for three days, a man from the Peace Corps came, took us out and escorted us, you know, Salvador Allende, you know, he declared war on the middle class and the middle class .

The class defended itself and they basically killed him a few hours after the military coup. Allende is found dead in the coin palace. He dies from a gunshot to the head. It was probably a suicide, but a debate has raged ever since. Many people say today, but the information. we received today Allende was assassinated by General Palacios and I personally have no sympathy for Marxism but the government had been elected by the people and this is a military coup d'état the military leader is General Augusto Pinochet Hyundai and appointed as commander in boss. head of the army just a month before in the last 10 days they raided my house they destroyed my books and everything and many people from this group were murdered like my dear friend Dr.

Enan Enrique who were disappeared and did not refuse to give their call for his wife, 17 years of a brutal military dictatorship, his government will kill more than 3,000 people and torture more than twenty-nine thousand. It was a terrorist state. You know they use the power of guns and the power of the army to create a silent society communism has been crushed in Chile but the result is not freedom for the people the 1970s the cold war is accelerating out of

control

East and The West is pushing even harder for bigger and better nuclear weapons. The Soviet Union and the United States have accumulated thousands of nuclear weapons.

Our two nations now have five times as many missile warheads as we did just eight years ago, but we are not five times safer. Supposedly very sophisticated command and

control

systems with both the United States and the Soviet Union. they were not very sophisticated at all and pure luck that we avoided during the years of the Cold War and in fact subsequently a nuclear weapons catastrophe in 1972, the US has about 26,000 nuclear warheads and the USSR has about out of sixteen thousand the United States and the Soviet Union are the only two countries that have the capacity for general nuclear war and, therefore, the only countries that can and civilized life as we have known it since nuclear weapons first appeared. nuclear weapons have invariably been considered the most dangerous weapons of mass destruction, this remains true above all, so the capacity of those weapons is not a constant value, it is growing, then start building them in volume, you know, tens of hundreds of thousands of systems, any one of which is capable of destroying, you know, an extended portion of humanity within.

In the blink of an eye, both sides believe that the only way to avoid annihilation is to be ahead of the other in destructive power. Missiles like the Pershing can launch a nuclear warhead at a distance of up to 1,600 kilometers, they can penetrate small hardened targets or bury themselves deep in the ground creating an earthquake effect. This is the cruise missile launched by Boeing Air being loaded in Bombay from a B -52 previously this aircraft was the main strategic arm of the US nuclear deterrent the most advanced element of missiles construction and map reading The computer guides the weapon at a height close to the ground at this level, the cruiser would be difficult to detect in advance , since on a radar screen it would appear to be no larger than many birds and the Soviets will have a series of warheads with powers on the order of one megaton at a time. you have that kind of advantage that your competitor wants, so there was really no way around it, you know, a massive effort by both Western and non-Western interests to possess the capability and once it is possessed , improve it, that's why the Americans say their new weapons are needed is the counterproductive Soviet swing-wing bomber 70 of these supersonic aircraft and 130 of Russia's own mobile nuclear missiles the SS-20 is said to have been deployed in Western Russia This year our political systems could not keep up with technological developments, these were capabilities that were almost unimaginable and therefore the political and diplomatic processes you know, we are constantly trying to catch up.

The latest development is a missile with many nuclear warheads capable of attacking a different target, multiple independent targets. entry vehicle or Merv the Soviets have successfully demonstrated in flight tests the Merv capability there have been four ICBMs in development two of them have already been demonstrated with the Merv capability we expect that the Merv capability is likely associated with the two other some of the Russian nerves have 38 warheads, each of which has just gotten out of control, that's something, but I also wouldn't underestimate the importance for humanity and for our own people of taking constant measures to discipline the nuclear problem.

Both parties have already signed a treaty. salt one the ballistic missiles frozen at 1972 levels the next treaty aims to turn the nuclear war machine in reverse the strategic

arms

limitation treaty too or salt 2. There were moments and periods of real hope during the Cold War that the sanity would prevail over strategic

arms

limitation treaty salt in the 1970s the United States alone cannot live off the world the terrifying specter of nuclear destruction we can and will work with others to do so there has always been a deep understanding of the horrors associated with nuclear weapons a deep understanding of their total unacceptability the problem is that it has not stopped gigantic stockpiles of nuclear weapons accumulating up to 86,000.

I think it was the highest turbo during the Cold War years. The new US president gave two tanks a boost. Well I have heard wonderful things about you and your service here in Washington I hope to form a very close relationship with you personally, yes the Soviet ambassador here since the Kennedy days brought with him a gift of hand carved Russian dolls, an official relationship began with its fifth American president, uh, president. Carter's approach to dealing with the Russians was: I'm going to get inside the heads of the Soviet leaders and be persuasive enough to convince them that they will see that our model is better than theirs.

He was very, very level-headed in his understanding of the situation. risks associated with war and nuclear war in particular and we made a fairly significant contribution to advancing the game and this year we will take a step towards our ultimate goal: the elimination of all nuclear weapons from this Earth. More sensible, oh human heads that have just understood. catastrophic risks involved and was very reluctant to engage in the kind of adventurism that, as you know, was so troubling under other presidencies, leaders on both sides no longer believe that war will be avoided for fear of mutually assured destruction, fear grows that despite the madness someone could still press the button that starts World War III, therefore there is always the possibility that misunderstandings will lead to confrontation, foreign places, mutual assured destruction, with a new idea, sinceWe must be clear from the beginning what the term "detaunt" implies: the search for a more constructive relationship with the Soviet Union Vietnam after 12 years of proxy war between superpowers there is a note of optimism for the first time in 12 years there is no American military forces in Vietnam all our American prisoners of war are on their way home the 17 million people The people of South Vietnam have the right to choose their own government without outside interference and thanks to our Vietnamization program they have the strength to defend that right.

We have prevented the imposition of a communist government by force in South Vietnam, but President Nixon speaks too soon when the supply of military aid from the United States was cut off at the end of 1874 the result was inevitable we could not fight with our breakfast April 1975. The Viet Cong has crossed the border that divides the North and the South. The advance towards the capital of South Vietnam begins. The roads leading to Saigon are already underway, the long-awaited second phase of the communist offensive has begun. of spring. The bodies of North Vietnamese and Vietcong enemies were left to rot in the streets, today the bodies are simply left there until they are mutilated.

Because of the animals and the traffic, I lived my last days of the war on the front line because I was a doctor for a ranger regime, they keep giving us the most powerful artillery and we all have to dig in the ground and then leave like rats and in the trenches there If you press your ears to the ground, you can hear the faint rumble of enemy tanks nearby and that scared the hell out of everyone. We were in the hottest place. I was captured alive by the enemy if you are hungry and doing hard work since dawn. until nightfall the only thing you can think about is food the only thing you can think about is a few minutes the rest they reduce you to the animal level and that is brainwashing in just a few days the communists arrived on the outskirts of Saigon the planes attacked during the rush hour In Saigon, when the streets were full of shops, banks and offices were closed and people began to crowd the streets again in their rush to get home, the international community immediately responds to the invasion, mostly French , Americans and Germans, ready for any flight from the embassies.

Evacuate your staff, obviously, when you leave a place like this, there is criticism that you are coming up too soon and perhaps promoting evacuation. Panic, no, I don't think you can say that anyone is doing anything that you saw the flood yourself. of Americans leaving Saigon April 30 at eight o'clock the last American helicopter on the roof of the American embassy prepares to take off the last evacuees fleeing the advance of the communist armies most of the foreigners manage to escape but the South Vietnamese are left alone with their destiny and for hours after the last departure, dozens of people were still crowded on the roof of the embassy in the vain rescue center.

I don't think these people here are committing suicide by staying here, but what can be done? Hundreds of people rushed in panic on any boats they could reach without caring how they got a board or what they left behind after several failed attempts, finally my fiancee and I who is my wife now escaped together, we knew the danger but We decided that it was better to live together in Freedom or die together. and it was a very, very treacherous sea journey on a very small boat nine meters long with 33 people and on the boat you know that here you can touch the water because it is so overloaded that the capital of South Vietnam is awaiting the arrival of the victors and then, shortly After noon came the climax of 30 years of fighting.

They were a disciplined Force among the thousands who arrived. Not a single case of robbery, drunkenness, rape or shooting of people who hours before had feared for their lives and now took to the streets to joy and welcome was reported. The feeling of relief in Saigon was almost tangible. Not everyone saw the defeat with so much optimism this officer shot himself in front of the soldiers Monument a couple of hours before the communists entered the city and on April 30 Saigon fell and the Dan President Zoon Mean capitulated and tears ran down my face. I cried silently for my country.

It was a very very powerful feeling of anger, frustration and hatred. Hatred for the betrayal of the allies. People will always agree with the word lose, but that's what we were. lost One South Vietnam fell, seven other countries fell in very quick succession to communism when the first day of peace in 30 years dawned in Vietnam, the banks and some shops remained closed, but in the markets of Saigon everything was business as usual, of course, there were some changes in The market's leading traders were quick to pedal a new line at Flags. Hanoi was setting the tone now and everyone had to march towards it, just one victim.

The global chess game As the Hardware parade continued, the prevailing impression was definitive that the communists had established beyond a doubt that Titan controlled unopposed the earth and the people who had suddenly become theirs as they one proxy war ends, another is breaking out this one will last 27 years it will cause as much death and destruction as Vietnam 1975 Angola is recovering from colonial occupation, the Portuguese have just withdrawn, they simply left freedom and the movements had to fend for themselves, It was the survival of the strongest employee, so it was the one who was strong in Luanda, the capital, and therefore available.

On November 11, 1975, to declare independence, power was taken by the popular movement for the liberation of Angola. The MPLA, the popular movement, was born during the 14 years of guerrilla campaign against the Portuguese. The MPLA is communist. It has popular support and Soviet weapons. Russian BM-21 rocket launcher, a devastating weapon in your armory, each truck can fire 40 high-explosive rockets each with a range of 12 miles To learn what it's like to be under fire, three trembling recruits faced off with a national golf rifle and a machine gun firing. live ammunition The Soviet Union itself, I mean, couldn't send its own soldiers there.

I think there is a protocol between Moscow and Washington. They themselves should not get physically involved. They send their allies, the National Liberation Front of Angola, the FNL and the National Union to complete. the independence of Angola Unita also fought for control eight weeks ago these young people were in the Angolan jungle or living in the slums of Angolan cities now, after an intensive course of Cuban and Russian instruction, they are ready to join the popular movements in the army of thirty thousand men. The Foreign Union has sent nearly $200 million in military equipment to Angola in the last nine months.

Between five and seven thousand Cuban military forces are in Cuba, they are in Angola and in fact they seem to be everywhere except in Cuba, this external question of what was called the Cold War, this is supporting the Marxist enemies and the other is capitalist Washington. You have to choose places that you couldn't be in Angola now without being full and against, so it was quite traumatic the approximate war that was going on. The site in Angola was another absolutely catastrophic one in Africa, with a massive death toll. We simply forget the scale of this kind of thing happening year after year, often accompanied by heinous crimes and the worst kind of behavior imaginable, those people who don't.

I don't know why they are fighting, they just want to continue with their ordinary lives to go and work as a team in the fields, read their goats, boats and cattle, they don't know all these great principles about democracy and Marxism, and the United States supports the opposition. The FNLA and Unita factions are getting more weapons, they are getting more tanks, they are getting more Cuban mercenaries, so we are prepared to face any offensive against us by the MVD. Angola is a very large country located in central Africa and if the Soviets could actually create a vassal state in Angola using their troops and Cuban troops that could be a base from which communism could spread throughout the African continent. .

We know that the Soviets have chosen one side and we automatically choose the other. Well, we're on the brink. to spend our first hundred million dollars and it could be more than that angle. It had many fertile lands and they had a quantity of minerals. They had oil wells. Angola was a source of mineral resources and deeply attractive as a war zone between the two countries. As a result, major powers do not want the other side to get their hands on these types of resources. American support includes money and weapons. The United States is also trying to cover its tracks.

They don't send soldiers. They send the means for anti-government forces to acquire them. them the CIA is providing money for the fnla and the Unita to pay the mercenaries it is not something that can be reported to the US Congress it is something covetable to kill and everyone will say terrible atrocities forbidden people alive while they sleep oh terrible people and Knowing that they are financed by the CIA to insist on the issue, some people showed a mercenary helmet with US dollars coming out of it. Mercenaries who participate in armed conflicts in foreign countries for private benefit.

These hired weapons increase the volume of the FNL and Unita forces. The term mercenary always has a bit of a bad rap since it liberated Angola so people really are its starting point and its ending point is money with a huge supply of Bend and Machinery on both sides, the Angolan people is overwhelmed by a massive war. In truly dangerous times, there are always differences in the probability that the Soviet Union and the United States will actually reach the brink and overcome each other, but none of those restrictions seem to apply in terms of the ignorant masses in Africa and elsewhere. .

Who did you know? Pawns in this larger game. The effects of the angle and the war on the people were very bad. It kept the nation in a very impoverished state for a long time. Many landmines were laid. Many limbs were lost. many people died Villages destroyed this ten year old boy was seriously injured in the attack on Kahama his leg was cut off civilians fled kahama was abandoned to the cows and soldiers the people of Angola were suffering greatly and all resources were completely dedicated to the effort of war, what should be allocated to education, health, housing, road infrastructure, etc., the prolonged conflict and the deaths and destruction, etc., that this hurts us when it comes to the struggle.

Neither the Cubans nor the Russians have the right to kill Angolans. I don't prefer anyone. I prefer that they leave the ambulance alone to solve their problems. Mercenaries have a reputation for brutality. They are also illegal under the Geneva Convention. There were several mercenaries. from different countries who fought on both sides, with both communist forces and Western-backed forces, so there were many executions and extrajudicial killings during that period. If the captured mercenaries are not classified as prisoners of war, they are. judged as common criminals Luanda capital of the newly independent Angola the men in the dark are mercenaries their leader was chosen as Giorgio who went under the name of Colonel Callan all my men who have captured the so-called mercenaries and all the rest of my soldiers who Those they have captured were all under my direct command, so any responsibility and any charges against them are fine, they were following my orders, they were just soldiers. 13 men are on trial for their lives, three are Americans and the other ten are British, whom they were paid to fight.

The MPLA, the movement that won the Civil War and now governs Angola, having been captured in action, have now been accused of crimes against peace and against Angona. I want many of the mercenaries to have had no military training before joining Callan's army, it was really worth all the effort and all the killing. I will come back again. Why to fight against communism? I went out there basically to get enough money to buy a house. There were a total of about 200 British mercenaries involved in the war. Some of the men. At the trial they were captured by Callan himself and treated as deserters.

Coming north. Another 14 British mercenaries are alleged to have met their deaths at Michaela. One of them was killed by Callan himself. The others were shot on his order by a group led by Callan's second in command shot the young soldier Copeland, then took the rejects, stripped them of their uniforms and put them in the back of a truck and carried them off. led and the next really anyone who wants a kind of long burst of gunshots. Observers felt that although the death penalty had been requested, it was unlikely to be applied to anyone.Other than Callan, that's all I want to say and I don't want to answer any more questions.

Okay, no disrespect, the verdict is guilty of the crimes. They include murder, the sentences are severe, nine of the men receive between 16 and 30 years in prison, the other four get worse. Their leader Costas Giorgio, also known as Tony Callan, is joined by Andrew McKenzie, an 825, Derek Parker, 35 years old, Daniel Gearhart, 34 years old. They are sentenced to be shot. We have appealed to more than 10 countries. There has been a direct appeal to President Neto. There has been an appeal through international organizations such as the International Red Cross. The American and British governments speak directly with the Angolan president.

The president himself Agostino Neto stated that he would wait before giving the execution order until he has seen the world's reaction to the death sentence handed down by the court. Ms. Gerhart, if you could speak directly to the Angolan president, what would you say to him to make him add a dish of clemency for his home community Ten days later, the four convicted mercenaries are lined up to face an MPLA firing squad. McKenzie is wheelchair bound as a result of combat injuries, she decides to show up for his execution and the golden war will escalate before a huge new wave ends.

American and Russian support will fan the flames, fighting and atrocities will continue until 2002. Surprisingly, the negotiating teams of the East and the West managed to keep the talks on salt 2. The relationship between governments that have been opponents for 30 years is not easy. NATO estimates. that the Warsaw Pact has almost three times as many battle tanks as the West, the Russian Foreign Minister argued that there was no imbalance and that NATO and the Warsaw Pact had parity in military strength. Arguments from both sides continue over the finer points of the treaty. does not allow the Soviet Union to build an additional modern ballistic missile on submarines above the 950 level, something we agreed to.

Both sides have developed different nuclear strategies. The United States has focused on missile precision, while the USSR has been developing even larger warheads at this time in the world. It has enough weapons to destroy itself several times over and there is still no agreement on how to stop the buildup. We have continued our talks with the Soviet Union about salt and other matters in March, when I was there, the Soviet Union made a proposal that in concept was worth looking at, although their numbers were not, it did not turn out to be acceptable to us just when Salt II was progressing a chilling headline stops everything June 1977 a new nuclear weapon is being developed lack of communication in the government meant that the US president was not informed Jimmy Carter finds out when a headline from the Washington Post appears around the world: the

neutron

bomb was a development for the thermonuclear industry.weapons a diabolical weapon basically totally inhumane tests of the

neutron

bomb were carried out covertly in Nevada back in 1963. research continued quietly under Nixon and Ford the neutron bomb when we heard the news of that, I mean, it's the ultimate kind of end of the world In a sense, I guess killing people without tearing down buildings.

President Carter calls himself a peacemaker, but the tank force of the Soviet-controlled Eastern Bloc countries is about three times that of Western Europe, despite the horrific implications. Carter considers the neutron weapon to be the only way to stop a Soviet ground invasion that the neutron weapon is designed to combat is to use it against massive and perhaps overwhelming tank forces. You could actually stop an invasion with neutron bombs by killing all the tank crews, all the infantry, and everything else and keeping their tanks. and uh and stop stopping the advance the neutron bomb has a small explosion range but releases 10 times the amount of lethal radiation this new weapon has not yet been deployed but is already causing unrest the Russian Foreign Minister stated bluntly that NATO's expected decision to station new nuclear weapons in Western Europe would destroy the basis for negotiations on further disarmament despite international objections.

President Carter tries to sell this new weapon to European countries. Now we are not building these weapons for ourselves, but we are building these weapons for our NATO. allies to protect their territory Demonstrations against the pond break out across Europe the answer is that no decision has been made regarding the neutron bomb then the game changes the USSR detonates its own improved radiation weapon President Carter has made public his postponement of making a decision on the production of these weapons to, in the meantime, ask the Soviet Union to respond kindly convene negotiations secure a commitment from the Russians public pressure in Europe does not diminish Carter decides to shelve the neutron bomb now we think it is a Work on another terrible Cold War weapon is stopped and not a single neutron bomb is sent to Europe.

Strategic arms limitation talks have dragged on for seven years. Lack of progress in nuclear disarmament fuels public anger throughout the West finally in June 1979 there is a breakthrough today we are on the verge of signing a strategic arms agreement that will achieve our goal Mr. Brezhnev came to Vienna in June to also sign the Salt, perhaps the most important arms limitation agreement since World War II Salt 2 sets regulations on many types of missiles and commits the US and USSR to limit their nuclear weapons systems to 2,400 each is a milestone in the Cold War for 30 years the world has been accelerating towards the cliff salt II has begun to apply the brakes will stop the nuclear arms

race

will decrease the probability of a nuclear war