The Archeological Find That Broke History

Foreigner, this is a piece of brick from a 2000 year old Roman fort I visited in England maybe 20 years ago. I saw it lying on the ground and, yes, I picked it up. Yes I know it was wrong if everyone took a piece of brick there would be nothing left I know but this is my first time abroad and I have never seen something this old before and it just blew my mind, a real human being who lived almost at the same time. When Jesus took this brick and placed it in the wall, smeared it with mortar and created a dwelling for another person to live in, before a totally different person transported it there on a horse and cart, probably and before that , another person sold the brick to that guy and before that a totally different guy formed the brick and put it in a kiln and made it in the first place because that's how civilization works, you meet a lot of different people doing a lot of different jobs, jobs specialized working together in a system that provides for everyone, it took a long time for humans to get to this point from groups of basically generalist hunter-gatherers to specialists and the conventional wisdom has always been that it had to do with agriculture, it was necessary The Agricultural Revolution not only created a more stable source of food, but it forced humanity to specialize, congregate and create systems to produce and distribute it, trade with it and it was because of that need that when the first city arose, most of these First cities were centered around the Fertile Region.

Shaped like a crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Europe's city-state has always been the first city dating back 6,000 years. This is how civilization as we understand it began. You know. Works. Makes sense. All pieces fit perfectly. and then we found Gobekli Tepe Hundreds of years ago, locals in the Anatolia region of Turkey knew of a unique hill in the Grumos Mountains that slowly rose above the surrounding landscape to a moderate height of about 50 meters. They called this hill Belly Hill and used it. for sheep grazing and farming Gobekli Tepe means Potbelly Hill in Turkish and that is exactly what a random hill with sheep was for thousands of years until about the 1960s when it was first examined by a team of anthropologists from The University of Chicago at Istanbul University and in their examination they found flint and limestone artifacts and assumed that it was an abandoned medieval cemetery and that theory prevailed until about 1994, when the German archaeologist Klaus Schmidt contacted the reports of the researchers and saw something different from what he had been working on. on a study of prehistoric sites in that region and something about the reports just didn't seem right to him so he went to check it out for himself when he got there he immediately knew he had found something special that said quote in a minute in a second.

What he was clear about was that this was not a simple cemetery and it was certainly not something as recent as the Middle Ages; It was something much larger and something that probably dated back to the Stone Age, so we returned the following year to do more detailed research. This time he conducted an exhaustive search with five colleagues and it was then that they discovered a series of megaliths buried just beneath the ground, some of them were actually buried so close to the surface that plows had scarred their tops and these megaliths would become Schmidt's life's work for the next 20 years, but at that time the team found no signs of actual settlement there - things like houses, garbage pits, cooking horses, that sort of thing - they did discover evidence from the use of tools, such as stone blades and hammers, which actually matched artifacts from nearby sites that have been dated to around 9000 BC.

C., so they assumed that this site was about that age and dating of the structures would later verify the assumption makes Gobekli Tepe twice as old as Stonehenge in Egyptian pyramids like Stonehenge. The structure of Gobekli Tepe includes circles. T-shaped limestone pillars, many with engravings of animals such as birds, foxes, lions and scorpions. The pillars at the site are arranged in circles 20 meters in diameter and, since there is no evidence that it was used for animal domestication or agriculture, archaeologists believe that hunter-gatherers may have built it, although This site presents an archaeological complexity that would likely have been too advanced for hunter-gatherers, a study published in the Cambridge Archaeological Journal in 2020 explored the question of whether or not the site's round enclosures were a cohesive scheme or constructed without reference between Yes, a co-author of the study and archaeologist Gil Heckley told Hertz at the time.

There is much speculation that the structures were built successively possibly by different groups of people and that one was covered for a time. while the next one was being built, but there is no evidence that they are not contemporaneous, the researchers use the computer algorithm based on standard deviation mapping to analyze the underlying architecture and no, I don't know what that means, what they found was that three of The enclosures appear to have been designed together in a sort of regular triangular geometric pattern, so the site comprises two main layers. Layer Three is the oldest, made up of large curvilinear enclosures, and is from the pre-pottery Neolithic, a period from around 8,300 to 7,500 BC.

C. Layer 2 is from the early and middle pre-pottery Neolithic B periods, around 7,500 to 6,000 BC. C., features smaller rectangular structures with lime plaster floors, all packed together with shared walls and evidence shows that the layer 3 enclosures experienced a series of filling events indicating that they were perhaps intentionally buried, this in reality has been an important component of the study's theories on the

history

of Gobekli Tepe because the center points of the structures form an almost perfect triangle with sides measuring 19 meters long, so yes, the big question is the original? Either builders built one enclosure first and then planned the other two based on it to create a triangle, or different groups emerged later and built them over time, according to archaeologists Anna Belfer Cohen, whose full disclosure was not part of the study's citation. , It is more likely. that there are many different groups that consider this entire area sacred and converged on it to erect these compounds rather than a single group that went crazy and just built these complexes day and night, so perhaps the bigger question is who were these? people and what they were.

Was it a settlement or a city of some kind? Well, Schmidt didn't believe it because there are very few residential buildings in the area and not much evidence that the land around it had been heavily cultivated, instead he believed it was a shrine and perhaps a regional pilgrimage center. where people gathered to perform religious rights. Now the site contains many bones of butchered animals, which may be evidence that they were feeding large numbers of people or it could be evidence that there were animal sacrifices, but more. Recent evidence shows that Schmidt may have been wrong in saying that the site may in fact have been home to a semi-sedentary population all along and was found by accident.

Schmidt actually died in 2014 and once he died the site became kind of a tourist attraction so they decided to put in some shade with the giant fabric canopy so people can go there and not be hit by the sun, so to do it they had to build a deep hole in the Earth to create a base for the canopy which they were digging much deeper than they had ever dug before, like up the Bedrock and it was there that they found something which they had not seen before, was evidence of houses. a year-round settlement, so yes, it may actually have been a thriving village with large buildings in its center for special events for a time.

Anyway, they also found a large cistern, canals for collecting rainwater, and thousands of grinding tools for processing grains to make porridge. and beer, as Schmidt's successor Lee Claire told the BBC in August 2021. quote Gobekli Tepe remains a unique special site, but the new knowledge fits better with what we know from other sites: it was a settlement of full-fledged with permanent occupation, has changed our entire understanding of the site, so Gobekli Tepe could have been a real, full-fledged civilization, cool, except it's not cool, because that breaks

history

, you know, like I said before , our understanding has always been that places like this were only possible after the arrival of agriculture at Stonehenge, including the pyramids.

The astronomical side of naptip dating back seven thousand years, all of this coincides with the earliest use of agriculture. Gobekli Tepe can even date back as far as 15,000 years not only long before agriculture but long before domesticated pack animals or metal tools existed. This was all done by human hands, this would have required enormous amounts of effort and coordination, leading to perhaps the biggest mystery of all why it was built in the first place, so in 2017 a pair of chemical engineers made headlines because They suggested that perhaps it was astronomical in nature that the animal carvings on the pillars at the site aligned with the positions of certain stars thousands of years ago and one of their most daring claims is that the vulture stone carved on pillar 43 is in actually a date stamp for a comet. strike 13,000 years ago, as study director Arthur Martin Sweatman said in a press release, it appears that Gobekli Tepe was, among other things, an observatory for monitoring the night sky; one of its pillars appeared to have served as a monument to this devastating event, probably the worst day in history since the end of the Ice Age.

This idea, um, is not shared by everyone. The archaeologists on the ground didn't believe it. They said that this quote is highly unlikely that early Neolithic hunters in Upper Mesopotamia recognized exactly the same Celestial. constellations described by ancient Egyptian Arabic and Greek scholars that still populate our imaginations today, just to be clear, I don't think they are suggesting that the positions of the stars would have changed at that time because they wouldn't have. significantly anyway, but they are suggesting that people back then probably would not have seen the same symbols in the sky that later civilizations would have seen.

Yes, keep in mind that the Greeks thought this was a bear, so yes, interpretations change now, maybe even more. The idea is that Gobekli Tepe was just the beginning. Turkish archaeologists working in that area found dozens of similar sites at Hilltop, all of them with T-shaped pillars and all of them dating to roughly the same time period and, in fact, some of these other sites show evidence that People were beginning to experiment with the domestication of animals and the cultivation of plants, so some actually believe that the Gobekli Tepe site could have been a sort of last-ditch effort by a hunter-gatherer society to hold on to their style of living. life in disappearance as the world was. making the transition to agriculture, a society struggling to adapt as a new technology takes hold, what that must be like and one piece of evidence that supports that theory is that some of the stone carvings from Gobekli tepe feature animals that do not you would have seen in that area at the time, as Dr.

Claire said, they are more than just images, they are narratives that are very important in keeping groups together and creating a shared identity, so now we know that Gobekli Tepe was not alone , but now we have reason to believe so. It wasn't even the oldest, there is actually a site called Bangkoklu Tarla in southeastern Turkey that resembles some of the discoveries found at Gobekli Tepe, but could be up to a thousand years older than Gobekli, located 300 kilometers away. east of Gobekli bongook lutala. excavations of scorched earth houses public and private buildings 130 skeletons and more than a hundred thousand beads search by car Taipei is about 40 kilometers from Gobekli Tepe is considered its sister side

find

ings suggest that it was active during the pre-pottery Neolithic period and has a lot of similarities with layer 2 of gobekli.

These include 266 T-shaped pillars and animal releases representing birds, gazelles, insects, rabbits and snakes. This site also includes roundhouses and ceremonial structures. It is worth noting that it has 11 giant phalluses bathed by a bearded head with a snake. body like the one you have now, unlike obeko Tepe, there are many representations of humans in carhuntepe and some people think that this could indicate thatThey began to see themselves as distinct from the animal world. Carhan Tepe was intentionally buried and abandoned over time, which seems to be a common fate for many of these Turkish sites for reasons we may never know, but before I close this I feel that if we are going to talk about ancient cities, we need to talk about Jericho , you know, going back to Tepe gets a lot of attention because it's sexy and mysterious and everything but Jericho has been around for almost as long but it's been continuously inhabited this whole time.

Jericho is in fact the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. The famous tower of Jericho is one of the The first indications that hunter-gatherers stayed and built a community in the area and was built about 12,000 years ago. The exact purpose of the tower has long been debated, but it was built to be seen and may have been a gathering place for the community and it is believed that Jericho converted completely to agriculture around 7,000 years ago. There is evidence that people grew barley, chickpeas, lentils and wheat. They also domesticated goats and sheep. The city was also located right next to a huge spring, making it an ideal place to live.

For a long time, Jericho was able to adapt to the times and transition and new technologies and new societies, new religions even, but they are the exception to the majority of ancient cities eventually crumble under the weight of time and I'm sure that there are still many other ancient cities to be found, civilizations fully certain of their superiority and their place at the center of a universe that was created only for Those people who could not imagine that they are great cities and ceremonial places could ever be forgotten in history and yet here we are. I guess you could say that feeling timeless is timeless.

I think it's also worth taking away from this story that I know that people of the past were much smarter than we give them credit for. Many things we do today are worse than the way we used to do them, like shaving for example, nowadays almost everyone uses these cartridges like you. I'm almost forced to use them, going to a grocery store, it's pretty much all you see, but don't you think it's interesting how all the shaving companies went with this design? It's not because it makes them less money, but the Razer companies discovered years ago that the real money is in the blade, so they charge up to two dollars per cartridge and convince you that it's special because it has five blades and a lubricating strip and The next thing you know, you're paying them hundreds of dollars a year.

We all just bought this. idea that you have to have five blades to get a good shave when in reality one is enough if done right and a company that is doing it well is today's sponsoring chickens and shaving Henson turns that entire business model upside down in instead of designing a cheap machine. handle and carry people with the Wazoo for Blaze, they developed a precision razor designed to support the entire width of the blade at a depth of just 27 microns, meaning there is no way for the blade to flex and bend and cause vibrations and irritation and They were able to design this so precisely because that's exactly what these guys do.

They are a machine shop that makes parts for satellites and space probes. They have designed things that are on Mars right now. When they say 30 degrees is the perfect angle. For a skin shaving blade, you better believe this thing is designed to give you a perfect 30-degree angle. They put their aerospace engineering brains together and made a shaver that will not only give you a better shave than those cartridge blades, but will also be a lot cheaper. these are only 10 cents each, you can buy 20 of these blades for the price of one of these cartridge blades, but this is what you don't even have to spend because if you use the Joe Scott promo code at checkout you get a pack of 100 blades totally free this is what you get 100 blades just visit hensonshaving.com choose the razor you like from a variety of colors add the pack of 100 blades to your order and when you get the promotion code the price of The blades just disappear and then you probably won't have to spend another penny on shaving for about a year, at least, no joke.

I actually get people in my comments and on Twitter all the time, like thanking me for pointing them to this because it's like their favorite thing in the world right now, they just nailed it with this thing and you might like it too or you know some holidays coming up, not the worst idea for a gift, just saying anyway, once again, shave attention. com get 100 free blades promo code Joe Scott links below big thanks to Henson Shaving for supporting this video and a big shout out to the answer files on Patreon who keep the lights on around here making an amazing community, just being really cool overall . people I have so many people I need to shout real quick let me murder their names we have Brian Roeder Adam Anderson Matthew McCombs Victor caledons um ocelda calderon's uh Harrison cook gerd Timmerman uh Corey Lynn Arthur zargarian Earth Martian Kristen Ratcliffe Steve Coffey Peter Dillinger Drew Maestro Anthony Mack and Paul Schreiton, something like that anyway, thank you all so much if you want to join them, you can get early access to videos, access to a broader community, exclusive live streams, all that kind of stuff, just go. to patreon.com respond with Joe, okay, like and share this video if you liked it and if it's your first time here, maybe click this one.

I'll send you another Mr. L. I'll put another mysterious thing in there. you can go see or if you're in your browser all these things on the side you'll probably see some with my face and the thumbnail, hey, check them out and if you enjoy them I invite you to subscribe. I watch videos again every Monday. Alright, guys, thank you very much for watching you come out. Have a revealing rest of the week. Stay safe and we'll see you next Monday. I love you, take care.