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Charles' Law

Feb 22, 2020
If you are really bored, you can examine the relationship between volume and temperature yourself. This is how you can do it. What you're going to do is take a balloon like this and put it in the sunlight to really set it. hot so the temperature goes up quite high and you want to keep track of how big it is and then what you want to do is put that guy in the freezer so the temperature is low. I'm just going to draw An ice cube here is not as good as my son's when I put it in the freezer.
charles law
What is going to happen to him? It will get much smaller. The volume of this balloon is going to decrease. This makes sense based on what we know about kinetic theory. Why is it like this? There are gas particles in these balloons. The higher the temperature, the higher the kinetic energy of these particles, so they will move very fast when we take this balloon and put it in the freezer. These particles move. slower and slower so they don't need as much space, think about the size of the room we need to contain a bunch of totally hyperactive kids running around everywhere and on the other hand we just need a much smaller space. space to accommodate the same number of children who are very sleepy and very tired, they will not move as much, so we see here that the volume, relatively speaking, is quite high in this case, when the temperature is high, but when we lower the temperature and these guys have much less kinetic energy, they don't move as much.
charles law

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Sorry, I wrote. Here the volume is going to be much lower, so the volume and temperature of these guys show a direct relationship as you go up. the other continues and goes up two is one goes down the other goes down a direct relationship let's look again at some mathematical problems that we can solve with what we have learned pressure and volume are related by what we call Boyle's law is Charles' law, another scientist who came up with the idea of ​​relating volume and temperature. Charles's law can be expressed like this, we can say that v1 over t1 is equal to v2 divided by t2, just like Boyle's law.
charles law
Charles's law when expressed like this assumes that some type of change occurs in our gas sample and the volume over the temperature before the change is equal to the volume divided by the temperature after the change now we talk about volume and temperature here as long as we use temperature with gases, I am going to do this in red because it is very important we must always use the Kelvin temperature we must use the Kelvin temperature we always have to do this whenever we use the temperature with gases now if you remember before the Kelvin temperature is found by taking the temperature in degrees Celsius and adding 273 and then we get our temperature in Kelvin, it's not degrees Kelvin, it's just Kelvin.
charles law
With that in mind, let's go ahead and take a look at this problem. We say that a balloon occupies 625 liters at 0 degrees Celsius if it is heated to 80 degrees. Celsius, what will be its new volume? There are a couple of steps that we have to follow, let's figure out which of these variables we are going to solve first or there is a change, we change this gas by heating it before our volume 625 liters we have that and our temperature zero degrees Celsius but remember we are going to have to change this at Kelvin temperature before we can use it in the equation if it is heated to 80 degrees Celsius so we know what the new temperature is, but Remember we have to change this to Kelvin, what will be its new volume, so v2 will be what we will try solve first, although we're going to have to change these Celsius temperatures to Kelvin temperatures so that t1 t1 equals zero. degrees Celsius plus 273 equals, this is easy 273 Kelvin, that's our t1 t2 will be 80 degrees plus 273, which will give us 353 Kelvin.
Look, these are the 2 Kelvin temperatures we're going to have to use when starting this. now let's see how we can rearrange this equation here we know this guy this guy this guy we're solving for v2 so we're just going to move t2 up here like we're multiplying both sides by t2 so our equation is going to become v1 multiplied by t2 divided by t1 is equal to v2 let's go ahead and plug these values ​​into v1 our initial value our initial volume is 625 liters multiplied by our t2 which is in kelvins 353 Kelvin divided by t1 which always uses the temperature Kelvin 273 Kelvin. look what happens with our units here, the Kelvins cancel out, so our final answer will be in liters and the answer will be 808 liters rounded to three significant figures.
This is how we solve a problem with volume and temperature with Charles's Law as before, if you need to know more about Charles's law in depth, how the scientist Charles discovered it in the first place or if you need to know more about how to determine where absolute zero is , watch Charles Log's video covering Let's dig a little deeper; Otherwise, if all you need to know is how to solve these problems, you should be ready to follow Charles's law and you will be able to move forward with these gas problems.

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