Solano Benítez en el II Congreso Internacional - "Lo Común" - 2012

very good afternoon you can hear it well well it is a pleasure to be here I have to deeply thank the foundation for preparing an event like this it is a pleasure to be able to come and share and my thanks to all the patrons and all the sponsors but also my thanks to the people who cannot be seen but who allow this to work wonderfully a huge applause for the gigantic Raúl who is up there I say hello a little an applause for tourists in the back please no man in black and my enormous gratitude to also my family who leaves me Being here with you for my partners, I must say that unfortunately I cannot say that I feel at home because at home they do not treat me that well, so it is a pleasure to be here last October a little while ago, back here five minutes ten minutes Before midnight, a high-pitched cry broke the silence.

The birth of Camille Dalura and Florante Camacho's daughter was brought forward. Danica May Camacho, with her two and a half kilos of tenderness, appears before us as an incredible revelation. Danica May Camacho has the seal. sign of being considered by the United Nations as the 7 billionth inhabitant on the planet with the birth of Danica not only attests that she is inhabitants of about seven billion but also certifies the speed with which we grow 5.6 inhabitants per second it increases on our planet in approximately 24 seconds maybe 36 the humanity will have completed this auditorium in 12 days the entire population of my country this tsunami of tenderness that does not face the biggest problem we have ever had to face since we existed on the planet with this growth if we continue with the same rate it is assumed that in the next 50 years we are going to double again when Sir Paul McCartney controlled the roosters back in the 1950s we were 2000 million inhabitants we have already passed 7,000, that is, we have doubled and tripled since the 50s until now, that is, in this time we have done 3 new york is we have done 3 madrid we have done 3 noise de janeiro three are pablos etcetera etcetera and the panorama the good news What many of us are going to do trying to be very well, the not so good news is that to date we do not know how to double the planet if the best we have done has allowed more than 60% of the world's population to live under difficult conditions and more of 30% under miserable conditions the growth of misery without solving these problems will be exponential to face it we have the same tool that we have always had to think analyze invent says borges in a beautiful story they are not the author of Don Quixote they are not anomalous acts it is the normal breathing of intelligence boast of eventual use remember with incredulous stupor what the universal doctor and I believe is nothing more than confessing our languor or our barbarism every man should be capable of all ideas and I understand that in the future he will be we face this crisis precisely with the only tool this common link that is intelligence we need in the coming years to put and generate the greatest number of specialists to do what no one knows how to do to face the problem that we can already warn very very soon without place We undoubtedly continue to live on a planet and the knowledge of what surrounds us has increased incredibly in recent years.

We have expanded the frontier of what we call the world of reality and today we know many more things about everything that surrounds us. that never throughout history and the imaginary world exists as an other world, what is it, however, it is the only world in which the human being can live because this was a flower that was in the middle of the field until at the end beginning like this he turned it into a thread with the thread I imagine a fabric with the fabric I imagine a fabric with the fabric a covering with the covering imagining the covering he thought that the terracotta could be a tile and the tile could be a roof even when we put bricks on it We put it in rows and a process begins and this was a tree that stopped birds and flowers until very recently and that is now here converted into something else.

The current crisis is not a crisis of lack of resources or lack of knowledge, it is a crisis of lack of imagination we are not or have not been able to imagine different conditions to arbitrate what we have always had availability in abundance of many things from an entire universe that surrounds us, for this we will have to and be able to imagine many things and above all recover a construction that is important 17 years ago I attended a call for face and I almost said sorry they called me doubt from one of the 21 indigenous communities that inhabit my country we had left two days before because the The road was very ugly, he had left the place where he was a month and a half before and on time we both arrived at the site of the conflict to speak with indigenous farmers and industrial agricultural producers.

Do you want to measure the first thing he told them is I know that if I declare myself owner of this amount of air they are going to tell me that I am crazy. I know that if I declare myself the owner of a quantity of cubic meters of water that passes through the river through the stream, they are going to say that I am absolutely crazy, but if I declare myself the owner of a portion of the planet they are going to give me the title they are going to offer me financing I am going to be able to start a real estate bubble etc.

We live and imagine conditions of agreements that are now quite difficult to sustain and that are going to be even more so in the coming years but our main construction becomes precisely the interest of trying to define ourselves, that crosses all the time, that is, when Plato asked us what we were, featherless bipeds, to the existentialists and the structuralists and our damned philosophers of today, the truth is that they tell us like this without further ado. that the human minimum is 2 less than two months or minimized I become a world my humanity starts when I understand that I am you and that for me to be well you have to be well too and this construction of the meaning of the human this construction that allows us being in other people and enlarging not in other people is without a doubt the great construction that we have to be able to do to precisely integrate ourselves into the planetary community that allows us and our children's children and their children the possibility of being able to live and live completely happily without these anxieties and without these crises I come from Paraguay and we can begin to enter, something more or less understood I speak clearly it is a Guaraní waves and a half Jericho that is not understood they make me like this ok I come from Paraguay in the voice of our poet augusto roa bastos that you gave to cervantes some years ago we are an island surrounded by land to the limits of my country are almost all the rivers something a small portion that we have a dry border with bolilla in other words we are a part of Brazil that you never knew was in Argentina, we are a small country that is there in the middle, we are known for this type of things and this is my city where I live, this is the city of Asunción, this is the Paraguay River.

See what I draw going down the Paraguay River we are going to Buenos Aires going up there we are going to the Pantanal the coast of my city is more or less 64 kilometers and we are 1300 kilometers from the sea that is why in winter we have temperatures of 45 degrees and no one faints Neither the pregnant nor anyone else, the euro was more or less like that on that date a few years ago and this is very important because I don't know, I'm not very up to date and you help me, it's going to be very good in a kilo of tomatoes in Paraguay. now it is almost 12 euros here how much does a 2 kilo of tomato cost a kilo a kilo but a euro and 50 is more a tomato not a kilo I am talking about the kilo a kilo of meat is a good parameter a kilo of export meat vacuum packaging Paraguay Paraguayan meat of the best that is transvestites from Argentina because it is more famous but it is Paraguayan because it will cost three euros at this moment vacuum packed meat matured perfectly and here a kilo of chorizo ​​steak with a quadril top or here that comes out 12 12 euros a brick costs 300 guaraníes which would be something like 0.3 cents and just a brick that costs a brick and a bag of cement in my country will cost ten euros a 50 kilo bag and here I imagine it to be more expensive and That is the reason why we build with cement and brick and not with tomatoes and meat because it is cheaper and because it resists better because in reality no material is foreign to us human beings and what surrounds us is simply waiting for the moment. of being transformed into protection and sustenance of our lives, as I am now an architect of the Society and Architecture Foundation, I can promise to build a house with a rainwater roof, yes, the madman who smoked the umbrella, sir, but if I were, it is and wrong.

The roof of my house would be made of ice without a doubt and I would make the walls of my house with ice to defend myself from the cold and if I were a Native American and I saw a herd of buffalo passing by without a doubt and I promised them, for example, well I'm going to make you a house or a habitation of almost living organic material and I'm not Lady Gaga or Robin Williams, but for an indigenous person, seeing a herd of buffaloes passing by means having a living room, the next Salvatore Ferragamo collection, etc., etc., is To say that we do not really have any relationship with the subject other than the possibility of imagining a different condition.

I belong to this study. I am surrounded by very, very young people because we have become quite well known lately for being specialists in doing what we do not know how to do and By doing so we have had a certain relevance so I am to do what we don't know how to do, it doesn't take a lot of experience but rather it takes courage determination etc. to abandon the common territory of what is known in a society that strongly penalizes failure is one and even more so. In times of crisis and the promise of misery paralyzes us terribly, however, we have to be able to develop relationships with people that allow everyone who has already had some success to know that their success is produced by continuous successes and failures and that to To be able to be right and successful, error is as necessary as success and to be able to do that we have to establish the importance of the relationship between people and protection.

I make the words of the philosopher Humberto Maturana my own. I wish I was never afraid because my Mom always loved me because when I didn't know how to do anything when I didn't know how to stand or eat without dropping everything or saying a word, my mother's unconditional love allowed me throughout that time to be able to build the person who later learned to walk. that then learned to eat that then learned to do everything that it did not know how to do, we must found a new society that is reconciled in the human and that is capable of supporting precisely the trajectory of discovery as the path that enables us to a new territory and lower the awards to the successful one because that only separates us, disintegrates us and makes exclusive the condition of possible growth and evolution.

We are a studio that designs, builds and teaches, trying to make research the common reason that links these things, that is, the three We do things with the interest of being able to contribute to society just a sample. Three years ago, they knew what dengue is. Dengue is a tropical disease that is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito. Three years ago, the hemorrhagic variety appeared, so if anyone He was bitten by the mosquito that had the dengue virus, he could even die, Nancy, who is the person who orders us, fixes us, faced a dilemma if he went out to the yard to tidy up and fix, the mosquito could bite him and he could even die if he didn't.

He didn't want to charge us, so his life and that of his family were also in danger. One day he entered the office and found Annecy surrounded by a cloud of aromatic essence and I said, ah, of course, Nancy filled the patio with repellent spirals and then She went out to sweep and I started looking for the spirals until I realized that Nancy had invented the anti-dengue broom, that is, waves with a single spiral placed here, lit here, the more the smoke, the more smoke produced and the better protected it was. This may sound very strange but if you think about Mr.

Puertas, Mr. Puertas 25 years ago tried to connect a typewriter that was that big with a television that was quite big with a computer that was the size of a piece today it is debated if it was Mr. Doors or if Mr. Doors worked but Mr. Doors managed to do it and out of modesty he called his invention windows because the doors again and with this invention he changed the world but Mr. Doors did not invent electricity he did not invent the computer he did not invent the The alphabet did not invent mathematics, it did not do any of that, but it was able to connect these conditions and it was able to make man evolve and everyone's life evolve.

Well, some year ago I am going to show you works and projects that we did and I am also going to show you some projects that we did in the academic field in recent years this is our office a few years ago we earned five thousand dollars and we needed to build 100 square meters which was what we wanted to do the cost per square meter in asunción is 400 dollars that is to say everything What we knew how to do was of no use to us, everything we learned was not enough, we had to build for 50 dollars per square meter 7 times less, so we began to look for everything that was there, what could not be done or what was prohibited.At the outset we knew that an edge wall made of edge bricks, sorry for the pulse, has such a small inertia when pressed here, what it will appear to be is flexion-compression and will tend to break here in the center, which is why it is not that the brick does not support a load but the inertia of the structure makes it not work and worse if we imagine that a wall is a structure any opening is a weakening process where this structure is going to break the worst thing we could do was think of a window here But if we imagine a central beam through which we can link with the exterior with that beam, what we do is reduce the upper part to 5 bricks and the lower part to 5 bricks, eliminate the possibility of flexo-compression and with that we are done.

We could add weight to our work, so we could build with even what was prohibited and with about a quarter or a fifth of the materials with which we had been taught how to build. The interiors of our office built 20 years ago are made of low-density wood, as you can see, it acts as insulation for the entire process. We could no longer do this today in Paraguay. The good news is that we could not do it because of deforestation in Paraguay. Sorry if deforestation in Paraguay has stopped. The bad thing is. news is because there was not even a tree left, so today it would be very expensive to do this process.

Some time later, we learned the following that we had that in reality when we built the office we saw that for each brick we placed, like this, what I am drawing is equivalent to one or two or three bricks in the other direction, so there is a significant saving, nothing more than this is the mixture in relation to all this mixture and all this mixture, what happens is that when we go to see the labor costs exactly the same as making a wall of edge that makes a wall of 15 and this is because the bricklayer drops the brick, it is much more difficult for him to balance it so they do it slower so he spends the same amount of time since the brick fell, what we did was throw them all to the ground and start loading the mixture here in such a way to pre-fabricate some elements like that so that we can then imagine how to combine them so that they function as walls and especially when they had a certain inclination we simply fixed them again with screws and washers and all that type of things and we began to introduce variations in this process, we must understand that the brick has 3000 years of good making and everyone will remember the phrases of can what a brick wants remember the order from the movie 'fatal attraction' the indecent proposal Do you remember at the end the architect showing what a brick wants to do, since that movie I was certain that what every brick wants is to have a passionate romance with Demi Moore, for example, bricks do not want anything, the brick is stupid, I would return to brick attacking him, you let go, he falls stupid, however, the action of man can turn it into a monument precisely from the ability to resist in protection of life to people, so imposing modification and imposing thinking about a tradition that is so strongly involved is a path of successes and failures and if you look at the floor there are all our great successes, my partner's face broken in panic because we had already won the contest and we had to build walls of this type.

I am 95 meters high and this panel is 2 meters 50 by At least and logically it broke, so we began to build, modifying and placing not only the bricks like this but also placing another here and another here. Remember that we cannot put metal here or here because the European regulations say six times the fi to be able to cover and that there is not and so that there is not this oxidation process etcetera etcetera and at the same time it gave it weight and the piece was going to break before the steel in the center begins to work so with those modifications we began to make modules of this type a sample of the Paraguayan heat or a safety helmet sorry here and if three hats down to hold on because if not it is impossible the sleeves completely taken up really to be able to hold on and we begin to develop a construction system just like how a bridge is built that is to say each part will support the next and we have all the panels prepared here and then we will place them here as we develop the process this is the headquarters of the uni le vert you can say swear words almost what the unilever coca cola etc louis It even showed the living architecture, the propaganda, well, this is the Unilever headquarters and we have built everything with it, obviously the cheapest and most resistant material we have there.

We entered the place, it was a pre-existing slab, we made some Matta Clark-type holes in it, but as If it were Peter Flintstone and then we put everything in, it was a preliminary project and price competition, that is to say that these verticals and these pseudo horizontals are the ones that have a thickness of 8. We eliminate everything that is carpentry and then the glass begins to be placed front and back back and forth in such a way that it constitutes a volume and not a sheet in such a way that it resists better then all the materials we use are always taken to the point at which their inertia and their capacity allow them to resist structurally we do not make a frame of metal and then we put a glass inside that works but we make them precisely collaborate and that each material that is summoned to the process is working and collaborating with the next one well being some of the sadomasochist the meeting room of the Unilever we have not even put a whole brick, as you can see, there we have not even spent on lamps, only light holders and cables, a kind of auditorium, the façade is to the west, the drains are PVC pipes cut with a machete, and on the terrace, it is a pity that Mr.

Sisa is not coming, but I had visited a work by Mr. Sisa in Rosario, I had gone up to the terrace when no one noticed and I began to unearth the eight layers of insulation they had there to understand them and then I realized that we had eight more reasons for the roof to bounce So we had to invent another way of working. What is common in Paraguay is this membrane of asphalt and aluminum on top that makes the entire city look as if it were Andy Warhol's aluminum factory, right, and that membrane is not passable, so it What we do is place, if this is the slab and here are the membranes and the membranes dazzle, what we do is simply place it, it takes you out, the Texas does not allow people to walk on the latex membrane, it makes the sun hit here, this is a shadow that It is ventilated so that the water passes through.

If we have to put pipes or whatever, it can simply be lifted and installed and in this way we will solve most of the problems. Again, the appearance is that it is a 4-centimeter panel, but in reality, yes. If you look closely, there is not only the drawing here, if you look closely, here there is an inertia of 15, here there is another one and inside then they have two other bricks that make each of these panels have a masonry pillar that is repeated every 60 centimeters so it is not a house of cards in Paraguay it does not shake except for us to make ends meet this is one how are we going we have time if we are so tired we can continue well this is a house that we had built that we found that the floor was very bad so we needed to found going more than 12 meters in what we did was associate this slab with this slab and convert the structure of the house into a well dell beam and with it then have nothing more than pillars in the corners and have a light free of Approximately 15 meters for a size of a house is not so common and we had tried other ways of building, we had thought that not only build on the ground but that if we put it, you can see this if we put some stakes like this after having the stake we could glue against the tutor the bricks almost as if they were tiles and we had made the design of this house and we had prepared everything we did and we timed ourselves as we always do and we verified all the things and we built it so quickly and the system was so good that it was an absolute failure because we built very quickly to the top and we couldn't remove the tutor from the formwork because it would melt and fall down we didn't give it time for the mixture but then it was a failure in appearance but in reality it was a way we could do for serial houses how we could have tutors or formwork that allow us to then series and repeat then this system could be very good in the meantime what we decided to do was to make an extraordinarily complicated formwork like this one in that complicated formwork our brick is a relatively easily brittle brick and the standards of calculation they talk about here in Europe they talk about 70 kilograms per square centimeter and that comes from a tenth of the 700 kilos per square centimeter that the English bricks that went to America as anchorage for the ships had, but not because they came with grain from there and then initially they were taken for that reason the capitals of South America are all upholstered with English bricks as our bricks logically got worse, our engineers gave it a zero again and now seven kilos per square centimeter is considered as a calculation value which is absurd The same thing happens with wood.

If you have calculated the life of wood, you have to know that almost 60 or 70 percent of it is oversized out of fear because there may be a knot that we didn't see, etc., and the same thing happens with concrete. and we complain about not having the job because what we would have to do is develop efficient systems so that instead of using three beams every time we need to make one, we know exactly how to do it and how to control it so that it costs the planet less and so that everyone we can build more quickly for that we have to invent for that we have to research for that we have to develop so we do it to the extent that we can we subject it to lateral forces we use the Romans you know the Romans that then we put very sophisticated ties and we start to give it turnstile to see how long you can hold on so that it doesn't fall, we load it with bags of cement and then we call the engineer because it is easier to ask for forgiveness than to ask for permission and then with these tutors and with these things and with the complicity of all the engineers who really work very well with them we can do this type of things this is a wall more than 9 meters high all built with 4 centimeter ceramic zig zags the equivalent of putting a thick fence from here to here is what all this construction that protects us costs against the west against the climatic condition in Paraguay etc. so this is the feeling of the house, there are 14 meters of free light from here here it is more or less like this and the entire exterior is conditioned by these walls that let's say allowing the house to ventilate. shade etc. and the patios are formulated that despite being very small by having the horizontal cut in the center allow a very pleasant view a very pleasant permanence of the house as we go we still have time louis we go well faster of the sanfermines type well yes Well, I'll tell you a little anecdote then and it's just the terrible one.

Seven years ago, a little more than ten years ago, my mother's sister was kidnapped. We paid the ransom twice and my aunt didn't show up. In fact, she was the mother of the one I pointed out was With a panicked face, it was one of my partners, this circumstance changed absolutely everything for my mother. We are seven children and my mother had wanted each of us to get married and leave and after this, my mother no longer wanted to live alone, so we managed to a piece of land next to one of my sisters' house and another of my sisters came and said no one, I'm going to live here with the old woman and my brother, the intelligent one, the musician, the one who hasn't married until now, also came to live there, so this is it. a very particular house because it is a house, it is my mother's house and you know what that is and along the way something also happened that not yet gave my brothers a tumor in the head so we had to go to San Paulo to operate on him and I took out the one I had and everything else and it took up the entire budget so we had to build.

I tell you the cost per square meter in Paraguay is between 350 and 400 dollars per square meter. It would be good to do the conversion yourself and we built this house for 115 dollars per square meter the house is a 700 meter house because there are so many of us, we are seven brothers with our partners 25 more grandchildren if it is a birthday some of my nephews come the in-laws who are normally the same and then it is like a kind of station that Suddenly he receives the people and then they all leave and my mother is like the guard like the train guard there in that place so we put two beams they come from this and they are separated 11 meters from each other that is to say this is the life they come from him there is the beam come from with enough cantilevers to make if the support is here and the support is here the cantilever which allows because this is going to make this so as opposed to if this was so the deformation would give much greater then it allows us correct this and since it is not the fifth part we just lift the roof more and pull the roof inwards so there is more weight in this place and we finish the curve that you see here curve of the exact section of how that is working and so that work better we have put a ceramic slab here to improve the traction condition well down here lives my smart brother here we all meet my mother when my sister and her family stopbuild this in a country like ours without so much technology what we make a very simple formwork on the formwork we put sand sand sant yes and on the sand then we place the bricks the bricks we put them diagonally like this sorry looking precisely for the greatest inertia because yes If we placed them like this it would have this dimension but by placing it inclined we gain one or two centimeters so between the brick and brick we place the steel and there we assemble and replace precisely the material that was working only on attraction as a support for the rods and then we use a minimum compression layer above so this is the slab below the loading processes that are very liquid because our brick is very dry and below there is sand so it immediately captures the water again and by capturing the water it is not that process where there is evaporation that it is lengthwise and that it has contractions that then fissures, but it immediately comes out and maintains a humidity process until everything is cured and if you come to see another one here today, well, there are some elements that you see here that are uniting the rods that are very low to the four centimeters of concrete that are going to come up here in such a way that the brick masonry slab does not separate from the ceramic slab.

So when this beam is ready, the upper part of the come from the we can take out and we enabled the space we also began to prefabricate in a different way, not only panels but we began to imagine the possibility of some boxes and with those boxes we began to imagine that someone was going to come to visit the house and that they would bring a bottle of wine as At least well, this is the Paraguay River, here is the Pantanal, Buenos Aires over there and my mother's house is over here is the flood zone, that's why there are so many mosquitoes and everything else here is my mother's house and it's an approximation like that. well, all the openings, I don't know if they can be seen clearly, they are here, it is a very large house, it is 700 square meters, but the lot is very small, so we did not have spaces to do the interior architecture and then the galleries outside we had to make the same space could transform and be a gallery and interior space at the same time, so we could put all the openings up here and allow the house to air and ventilate here, then you enter the house, so here we make all the green come closer, enter it as much as possible and once we are inside again this is the space the only plastered wall is this one and here we saw them suffer when they beat us in last year's cup and they said these sticks Paraguayan where is Paraguay we were all watching football here then behind One of the problems was that my mother felt fear and vertigo so these cubes did not help us because when she was going up she had no vision and only when she wanted to stay and talk could she be able to do so, so the openings pendulated and went down thus allowing fresh air to flow in. enter here so that the warm air comes out here this is the ceramic earthenware that closes the entire structure so all these openings are joined by pulley systems and they will still see us if it was seen here well later I will show you somewhere to some pulley gears like before there were pharmacies that the metal curtain was raised and all that and that allows us to go up and down well this is my mother's house already fully used by her her furniture her objects of affection and always this is My mother's room is to the west, therefore, with 47 or 48 degrees, the room cannot be two meters ten or two meters 40, which would be more or less around here because it is an insufficient amount of air to last the day, so the right foot of the room is more than 6 meters it opens at dawn the fresh air is captured and then the air is stored throughout the day to use the least amount of air conditioning and everything else then it has a very small window and my mother watches from here For the entire neighborhood, nothing escapes, everything is under control, so the bathrooms are very simple, nothing more than when the cement is raised, the openings open like this and well, there the temperature and the pace are regulated.

The next day, when we have more time, I'll go. to show in detail in many things how good it is how we are going we continue we follow what you say enough and I'm going to go to cardón this is a hacienda and here is Mr. Geri approving the project the man was driving him is down here ens go out there etc. I found this process very interesting because it is how we get to be engineers. A friend told me this joke father when I am when I am praying I can smoke son how can you think of such bestiality if a sacred act is destroyed with an action like that?

If it is true, you are absolutely right and father, when I am smoking I can pray clearly at all times I come from Aitor where he taught so I am going to talk to the engineer and the engineer I want to make a brick wall out of brick fragments 7 meters high with a cid to another Venezuelan you with those things it is true certain hundred right engineer I want to make a concrete wall seven meters high lightened by ceramic pieces inserted in the center that this one yes of course that is perfectly possible that It's good then we build again with the technique of the tutors the possibility of gluing the bricks on this in such a way as to always develop speed transfer opportunities intelligence to people etcetera etcetera so this is a span of more than 14 meters where we only have these banners the ceramic slabs work on beams that go in the other direction this is placed on an airfield it is here because it is from a very oligarchic place and you enter here this is the view of the field here you enter these are the interiors the kitchens and everything that a house has has to have, this is the main door that opens from here to here so that the very tall one can enter, which is not me, and well, the house has a series of details, such as, for example, in this place it has only one door then if the door is closed here where I am drawing this bathroom is outside but if the door closes here it becomes a suite and those types of tricks mean that all the time we are producing programs mechanisms construction systems etcetera etcetera well again it of the drains as the house is evidently oriented in a north-south direction so that the facades do not have the longest and double roofs so that they breathe between the ceramic slab and the metal roof that goes above.

This is the photographer who He went to take it and it appeared in the entire photo because he liked the house when the door is closed it is a window when it is not a door and that is the door that is a normal plate door because it cannot cost exceptionally so it has a pivot here it has an arm Here you see it has another one here and another one up here so we synchronize all these pivots and we make it actually the equivalent of a door of this size of this size in sum and then we have here a handle and we have here another lock that It is hidden and here another lock that is hidden so that the door does not make money to pass through like with the wind and that is nothing more than a rod that links the three locks and a nonsense and then you hug this we can continue if you throw me out I'm I'm so grown up that I'm even left with what they said, la chupe el chupinazo and the sanfermines.

I don't have any work to show you in good time. This was a headquarters, a foundation dedicated to child rehabilitation, which was already 30 years old. In those 30 years, it went through everything that happened to it. It goes to a moment of glory then corruption etcetera etcetera and we arrived at that moment where there were a series of constructions of lesser value as they saw there and all the desire to restart the process then we had to understand that each of the bricks that were there were fruit of a donation therefore we could not consider it a rubble or a subfloor we had to be able to imagine how to transform it and we began to design in another way to precisely use this rubble this was before the other house but it had two stages so I will show you later to show you the two stages together then we had each of our engineers take a test and we put a tutor like this and we started loading the bricks which are demolition bricks all fired material let's build from 7 in the morning until 10 in the morning arriving back there we left from 10 in the morning until 5 until 4 in the afternoon and at 4 in the afternoon we lowered the formwork, we ran it and we worked until 6:30 in the afternoon and we waited for the next day and so we could do it building the result is this is a 4 centimeter shell where only the crosses are the only structure that we designed these boxes that act as wall furniture for the entire division this is the interior of the tunnel and so we were building again the opportunities for everyone not only the rehabilitation of the place that had no lineage but also the reuse of even its rubble, the pieces that were left to be able to develop children's rehabilitation precisely there, etc.

So these chairs that break easily, where they break, we cut them off, we reinforce them here with The piece that we took out here is screwed to the floor and becomes a sofa that is proof of everything and then this boy who looks like Hercules here is about five feet tall or so, he is a Chilean from the Andes who had gone to work with us but we told him to put up a face and we began to imagine a larger precast in this case the triangle is 70 x 70 so look back here they are all placed and once we had that on a formwork we began to place them and between casket and here all the rods are taken in the other direction and we can make a reinforced slab, a reinforced vault precisely from these elements, in reality if one imagines and makes the design of this as a drawing without telling people how they can build this No one in the world is going to do it because it would cost an awful lot to fix each brick in each position, etc., once one is for sale and developing the technique with which the person is going to build it, they will build it quickly and efficiently, it is a walk in the park.

It looks wonderful for a country with 47 degrees where we can cross trees, continue giving them shadows, etc., and a rehabilitation pool where we did some. The normal thing is to put a roof on it. The roof is normally a pyramid. We turn in such a way to collect all the water and use the water again. to ceramics to be able to define these spaces we ended up closing it like this, sorry like that and inside then there are these ceramic slabs that lead here and here are the pools that are the rehabilitation places so we are trees so the boys are as if they were a stream where the light enters and with the movement it reflects back on these structures etcetera we did it we also won several awards with this work therefore they fired us immediately after and hired another good architect and this is one of the last things that we are doing that we are prefabricating panels already made from waste, which are these and once we have this prepared and we erect it, we can imagine walls of this type where on the outside we use wooden formwork, on the inside the panel remains like a lost formwork that is incorporated and in the middle We are loading waste and discarded stone as if it were concrete from the desert.

I saw today that he was doing it and how his formwork was turning out and with the traces, well it is basically like the formwork of the desert in places like this then here and the ceramics here and lost formworks that are attached, let's say to the structure, here is all the filling and on the outside there are the stones of this type and the panels of this type where they are interior, that is, these are the prefabricated panels and these are the quarry waste stones What can we do with that technology? We are in a place like this.

Of course, we also went through all of this through testing, that is, not only is the statement valid. Initially, we took it until the moment it held up, we didn't break it because we couldn't tell the client if we built it all. and now we are going to break it to see to what extent we do not build it, what we were doing, we measured the deformations, etc., and when it was already at 10, in mind the conditions of use and what they could have if they did not break, if they were not figured out, etc., etc., we already let them pass but So we did good construction tests and we have subjected it to all kinds of pressure, even considering the possibility of developing them as beams in what I was talking about about the carbonation process, since it is actually a very enriched mixture, although our brick is very very porous like It has a lot of segment, it perfectly insulates the rod much better than reinforced concrete, which is why we can reduce the amount of mixture between one brick and another and we establish comparative guidelines between things on the market and things that are made like this and we also do that in support with the universities and so on the last one I don't have two more now the fight begins well now I'm going to show you a question precisely because it is in the academic field I am going to try to be very fast this is a project with which we are linked with this the idea of spinning is not to be skinnier but this is the first spinning in which it precisely allowed us to go from this production system to this production system of 8 what are they called thorn and honey coils and we started the entire development process industrial, the only recapitulation about spinning that we had was that of gandhi but outside of that for a long time250 years ago we understand that to define man the idea of ​​production is central to his definition.

The first to speak about this capacity to produce was Adam Smith with nature and the cause of nations, then the divine Marx with capital as a reflection and we have attended For 250 years the fight between Lucifer and Satan trying to define to produce better what is necessary the only third idea that we have accumulated is nationalism that sometimes was right and sometimes was left outside of that we have no comfort we have stopped being the homo faber to have fun mo labor ans when we were homo faber we invented something and we went out happy to tell people because we received an adrenaline shock and we wanted to tell people what we had done we changed that for the work back which will always repeat one The same thing will always tighten the screw in exchange for a salary that allows gratification in consumption but in reality the least have nothing to do because to repeat today machines are much better than man and that is worth a class in any university to building to making mouse microphones clothes the machines are much better and man no longer has to do so in the voice of whom you awarded last year Nicanor Parra he says the right and the left united will never be defeated I receive the right-wing government How can the capital of the industry hold up, I distribute it to my left-wing clientele so that they finish buying but no one has anything to do with this crisis that is revealed here in the industrial region and that is also seen and that explodes in Chile - with the students who They demand better teaching processes when they should demand differentiated learning processes, etc.

In my country, that war is transferred to the border, on the border, the meeting occurs precisely between the industrial farmers who, with a tractor, manage 20 thousand hectares for these people, the traditional farmers. and the indigenous people are useless, lazy people incapable of forming a cooperative, if they had a cooperative they could buy a tractor and with a tractor they could have as much money as them on the other side of the border, for them the industrialized farmers are murderers, they are killing biodiversity, they are poisoning the soil they are poisoning the waters there is no way of conciliation between these ways and between this understanding of what man should be around the idea of ​​producing however in summer they go to a place in Paraguay after one of the revolutions that We have had another day.

I am going to explain to you the deforestation process and everything else. In a place very close to the border, 15 kilometers from the border with Brazil, there is a reserve of 60 thousand hectares and there is where they entered with 2000 hectares but with 20 thousand hectares. hectares 2000 families, that is to say at a rate of 10 hectares per family more or less and with those people and in that place and we began a process with the universities to map with having all the contacts etcetera etcetera to develop precisely the wonder of what was happening when we arrived At the place we found that people needed to produce a hectare for consumption and those people, as in the current production methods, have to buy the seed and then it is used for the next production.

They did the following: they decided to rebuild the forest because by rebuilding the forest they ate better, more varied. not only because the 'Chinese' McDonald's but they could eat worms, bugs and all kinds of fruit, plants, birds, etc., etc., which allowed them to have a better health condition, they conserved the fertility and humidity of their soil, etc., etc., which was a wonderful thing, but when We and they were on a warpath against the others but when we got there what we found is a wonder because on one side the border produces food for the world mechanized and it is a commodity that is in Liverpool in Manchester in Hong Kong and It is a wonder on the other side of the borders, they are producing quality water, quality air, sustaining biodiversity, etc., and that is a commodity that is already valued today when we started this project 6 or 7 years ago, it was worth nothing, however, to the extent that The crisis is worsening our planetary situation, these commodities are going to have more values ​​with the difference that to produce one hectare of mechanized soybeans, 20,000 hectares are needed, but one person was needed to rebuild the forest.

We need many people who have an attitude like you do now. frantic because they must know, not when was the French revolution, they must know, look at that little ant, that little ant likes that little plant there and that little plant grew because that little bird that comes here that always comes here did its thing, fertilized this soil and from there and it is a deeply human activity and highly demanding of labor, so with the universities what we did was begin to design how to have a presence in these places, first with infrastructure of this type, seedbeds, tanks, etc. and then imagining how to rebuild the cities now in defense of the forest.

Only Chico Mendes not only take care of the forest but build it, make it productive, settle people there as custodians of precisely that value that is for everyone, imagining, of course, an expansion system where we can even tell the other who produces differently when you already soil is exhausted come here brother I give you this and I am going to work and improve everything else and so I can balance and so I can make many people with incredible knowledge only that was not forgotten by any institute have full activity and produce precisely a well-being for all humanity because the economic condition is not to produce to accumulate that the economy is founded from the moment I need to produce to give by staying I complement myself because if I am better we are better off they understand each other ok and that is how we build and move on from processes like these and we dream of this this this this this is not about urban rehabilitation it is about human rehabilitation processes and now I am going to pass on this project because it is already and I am going to show the last one that is small it was another square not just this one another day I tell you this one has arrived it has arrived and I show you this project just to change the scale a little and to show you this is a project that took me 10 years to do, ten years to imagine a square so that you can see the stupid ten years in a place like this very forest like this one that you see here, this is actually a stream that tangentially surrounds the square and there is another arm that crosses almost diagonally.

Each side of the square is approximately nine meters long. Each side of the square is made up of a pillar and a beam. Now we see the beams in section, they support here and it has a cantilever of 7 and a half meters to here and from one there is something to the other side and they are made of reinforced concrete so with me here with the help of teacher Solanito, my passionate eldest son, we put it in the formwork the leaves of ferns ferns what the ferns are lichens the fact that we put here and left the mark then this place that is a continuum around the streams is thus severely marked by the presence of these beams and the interior of These beams that we see here clearly in the same photo we repeat them as a mirror then covering them with mirrors that are here what we do then severely mark this place from the outside in such a way that it can be recognized and that it is known that it is an important place and Once one crosses this place, the mirrors that are here, here and everywhere begin to function as centripetal activators because even one is entering and since the mirror does not have one, one is not at the level of vision of the mirror but the mirror is more Underneath you bring the landscape from outside with you inside and then this place begins to be loaded even with what surrounds us that is outside and this is like that, sorry, life is here, the other life is here, the other will be here until the moment. in which one takes a seat one takes a seat in the center of the square where there is also another concrete construction which is my father's tomb my father who had died ten years before I could do this project had left him exact mandate to Being buried here in a small house that we have, 180 km or so from the capital in a place called Los Pinchos, the branch of heaven, this issue of facing the condition of death, especially for someone so dear, made me go through for a long time. the 10 years that I was trying to know what to do go through all the stages of melancholy the only justification that I am really a bad architect in this place this square is aligned 15 meters from the house for 15 for 10 years the only thing I did not want was listening to my son saying go to grandpa and all the things that we knew about how our world society celebrated the topic of death was precisely terrible it was very heartbreaking it was a condition so I didn't I didn't believe it had to be like that I didn't believe it I had to get that to my children and the possibility of using a mirror in a place around here was something that actually allowed me to reflect on the following: the mirror is associated with the figure of narcissism I look at myself I see how cute I am and All of them, but the mirror has a different condition.

I live inside myself and my own body is the limit that separates me from everything else. The only exception that I embrace almost with desperation is the mirror because in the mirror I am there in front of myself. Finally, on a plane of simultaneity of equality with everything that surrounds me, perhaps in the mirror we will have the machine that allows us to be in contact with our loved ones who are absent because the obscenity of death tore them from our side or with impossible loves. Because we never had the time or the space for them to occur, I knew that as a tool our civilization used repetition precisely to make it understood that what is repeated lasts, what is repeated and lasts is eternal, what is repeated and lasts and because it is eternal.

It is sacred, that is why we fill ourselves with ceremonies and rituals that mean that every time we repeat it we connect with an idea of ​​transcendence. That is why eating milanesas on Saturdays at my mother's house is sacred, that is why going to the field on Sundays. It is sacred that is why sex is sacred because it is made of repetitions in this is a common place where one day my mother and my nephew go out to clean the mirrors like someone doing a common ordinary act and this is how they bond this is my son that in this photo here is controlling what I am doing that is to say that he is using the mirror to see exactly what I am doing that I am behind him without making any effort or any gesture when when one is alone in that place one feels loneliness at that time because not even the image of one stays with one because I am there and there and there and when these dwarfs enter that place it is filled with emotions because it is enough for one of them to be carrying their joy to May that joy multiply into millions, here is my son with his feet on the ground and here he is floating as he lives in my dreams, thank you