How did we find the speed of light?

Now the Moon is 60 times farther from the center of the Earth than we are, we are 4,000 miles from the center and the Moon is 240,000 miles from the center, so if the inverse square law is correct, an object that The surface of the Earth should fall in one second by one twentieth of an inch by thirty-six hundred, the square being sixty because the force has been weakened by sixty by sixty by the inverse square law to reach the Moon and if multiplied for a twentieth part. of an inch times 3,600 you get approximately 16 feet and under, it is already known from Galileo's measurements that things fell in one second on the surface of the earth by 16 feet, so this meant that it was seen that it was in the right path and there was no turning back. now because a new fact that was previously completely independent, which is the period of the moon's orbit and its distance from the Earth, was connected with another fact which is how long it takes something to fall in one second, so this was dramatic proof that all is well.

Furthermore, he had many other predictions, he was able to calculate what the shape of the orbit should be if the law was the inverse square and he found that it was an ellipse, so he got three times two, so to speak, plus a number. of new phenomena had their obvious explanations one was the tides the tides were due to the attraction of the moon on the earth this had sometimes been thought before with the difficulty that it was the attraction of the moon on the earth being the earth here the If the waters were taken to the moon, then there would only be one tidal wave per day where that pile of water is under the moon, but actually you know there are tides every 12 hours or so and that's two tides a day, but you should, too. there was another school. of thought that had a different conclusion, his theory was that it was the Earth that was being dragged by the Moon away from the water, so in reality Newton was the first to realize what was really happening: the force of the Moon on the Earth and on it. the water is the same at the same distance and that the water here is closer to the moon and the water here is further from the moon than the earth than the rigid earth, so the water is attracted more towards the moon here and here it is less towards the moon than towards the earth, so there is a combination of those two images that make there be a double tide.

In reality, the earth does the same trick as the moon: it spins around in a circle. I really want to say that the force of the moon on the earth is balanced, but why? by the fact that just like the moon forms a circle to balance the force of the earth, the earth also forms a circle actually the center of the circle is somewhere inside the earth also forms a circle uh to balance the moon , so the two of them go around the common center here and if you want this water is expelled by centrifugal force more than the earth and this water is attracted more than this average of the earth in any case the tides were then explained and the fact that there were two a day and many other things became very clear: why the Earth is round because everything is attracted inward and why it is not round because it rotates in such a way that the outside comes out a little and balances itself and therefore what the sun and the moon around and so on.

As science developed and measurements became more and more precise, the tests of Newton's law became much stricter and the first careful tests involved the moons of Jupiter by careful observations of the way they rotated. for a long period of time. At that time one could be very careful to check that everything agreed with Newton. It turned out not to be like that. Jupiter's moons seemed to be the first. Sometimes he arrived eight minutes early and sometimes eight minutes behind Ty's schedule, where the schedule is the. The values ​​calculated according to Newton's laws were noted to be leading when close when Jupiter was near the Earth and lagging when it was far away.

Quite a strange circumstance and Mr. Romer, relying on the law of gravitation, came to a conclusion. An interesting conclusion is that

light

takes some time to travel from the moons to Earth and that what we are looking at when we see the moons is not how they are now but how they were a while ago when the

light

took a while to get here. Now when Jupiter is close to us the light takes less time to arrive and when Jupiter is further away it takes longer, so he had to correct the observations for differences in timing and for the fact that they were either too early or too early.

Too late I was able to determine the

speed

of light. This was the first demonstration that light was not an instantaneously propagating material. I draw your attention to this particular matter because it illustrates something that when one law is correct it can be used to

find

another that by having confidence in this law if something happens it suggests perhaps some other phenomenon and if we had not known the law of gravitation we would have taken a long time. much more in

find

ing the

speed

of life because we would not have known what to expect from Jupiter's law. satellites this process has become an avalanche of discoveries each new discovery allows the tools for many more discoveries and this beginning is the beginning of that avalanche that has continued for 400 years in a continuous process and we are still in avalanche along high speed at this moment