Earth's Core Didn't Stop Spinning. Here's What's Happening.

thank you, welcome everyone to this week's science news, today we will talk about changes in the Earth's

core

, a quantum computer that folds a mini protein, radioactive water that the Japanese want to dump into the ocean, NASA's plans to a nuclear rocket and a transonic aircraft, how it sends data without power, recovers signals from light and sound pollution, and of course the phone will ring if you rely on recent headlines that you shouldn't. The Earth's

core

appears to have

stop

ped

spinning

and may even begin

spinning

in the opposite direction. It must be very boring being the center of the Earth Day after day, so I wouldn't blame it if it

stop

ped spinning, but this is not

what

is

happening

, we don't really know

what

is at the center of the Earth because no one has been t

here

, but geophysicists have a good idea. idea Based on magnetic field data from

earth

quakes and precise measurements of the force of gravity, their current best model says that if you dig into the Earth about 3,000 kilometers deep, you will reach what is called the outer core, which is liquid and it is believed to be for the most part. iron and nickel, if you go down to about 5000 kilometers, you reach the inner core.

The inner core is made of the same material as the outer core, but it is solid because the pressure comes from the weight of the upper layers pushing inward. the core and prevents metals from melting the internal cause the mantle, in fact, previous measurements suggested that the Earth's core is spinning somewhat faster than the mantle. The recent headlines refer to a paper just published in Nature Geoscience. The authors looked at measurements of

earth

quakes whose shock waves travel through the Earth's core. These waves are redirected by the rotation, so the rotation can be inferred from the measurements.

Most earthquakes always occur in the same regions of the planet, often because tectonic plates rub against each other, making it possible to discover how seismic waves pass. The change of the core over time in the paper now found that around 2009 the core appears to have stopped spinning faster than the Earth's mantle. The best fit to the data currently is that it is now spinning a little slower, so it's not like the Earth's core has. it stopped spinning or reversed direction, they say it stopped spinning faster than the mentor and now it spins a little slower, what does that mean?

Well, you may remember that angular momentum is conserved, this means that if the Earth's core spins a little slower than something else, it must spin faster. Another thing is the mantle of the Earth in which we live. T

here

are larger contributions to the spin of the Earth's mantle that come from the Moon and the atmosphere, but if you want to be precise, if the course spins slower as the days get shorter, it's only a small fraction of a second, but if you've been feeling a bit tired since 2009 that should explain it, don't blame the inner core too much, it's under a lot of pressure, a quantum computer has for the first time managed to simulate the folding behavior of a protein molecule.

The computer called Gypsy and housed at the Yuli supercomputing center in Germany has 5,000 qubits and is the largest computer of its kind outside the United States Ypsi is not a universal quantum computer like the Google Sycamore or IBM's Osprey, but it is from the Canadian company d-wave. The devices specialize in quantum annealing, which is basically an optimization mechanism. These computers automatically relax to an optimal state. If you want to do a calculation, you configure the computer so that this optimal state is the answer to your question. This method is very good for addressing problems. which have many potential solutions where finding the lowest energy state produces the answer and it does so by exploiting quantum tunneling superpositions and entanglement, so it is a real quantum simulation, whether you want to call it quantum computing is a question semantics.

It depends on what you mean by calculus, there are some people who say that the D-wave is not a proper quantum computer, but in the end it doesn't matter what you call it, it matters what you can do with it by folding a protein lettuce. in its minimum energy structure is a problem that annealing should be able to handle well. In their paper, the authors used a very simplified model in which the folding is done in only two dimensions in a lattice, so the protein is basically a string that needs to be placed in a grid, use the string up to a length of 64 elements.

Each of which is supposed to be an amino acid. This simplified problem can be and has been solved on conventional computers. The goal of the study was not to outperform a conventional computer but to show that a quantum computer can also do it, the authors test two different calculation methods that the d-wave computer can do, one is pure quantum calculation, the other is a version hybrid of a quantum and a conventional classical simulation, interestingly they found that the pure quantum simulation decreased dramatically in performance beyond the chain length of just 14, while the hybrid simulation performed well up to 64, which was the largest they observed.

I have no idea what this means, but we'll probably see some follow-up studies that one of the paper's authors said in an interview that we may need up to three more generations of quantum computers before the calculations are relevant to research. of medications. Speaking of quantum computers, Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden plans to make a 25-qubit quantum computer. available to researchers and industry along with a Quantum support service. I wonder how this will work. Hello, this is Quantum Helpdesk. How can I help you? Did you try turning it on and off at the same time?

The Japanese government has announced that it will do so. We are releasing radioactive water into the ocean and would you believe it? Everyone likes the idea in 2011 the Fukushima nuclear power plant was destroyed by an earthquake and tsunami that ultimately took three years to largely melt down. There are currently more than 1,000 water tanks in operation. The side contains more than a million tons of water The water is a mixture of groundwater coolant and seawater that flooded the coastal site The site continues to produce contaminated water every day and they are running out of storage space before The water is stored as much as possible.

Radioactive particles are removed, including cobot 60, strontium 90, and cesium-137, but this process is not perfect, so some traces remain. Another problem is hydrogen 3, also known as titium, since it is chemically identical to normal hydrogen, it can bond with oxygen and form a type of water that is extremely difficult to separate from normal water. Its half-life is approximately 12 years before radioactive substances are concerned tritium is not so bad because it does not accumulate strongly in the body although this is something like saying that for what. As far as diseases are concerned, the plague is not so bad, in any case, you do not want that your tea has tritium and neither will the fish releasing the water into the ocean strongly dilute the radioactive substances to a level where the added radiation dose is less than the natural background level, this plant has been endorsed by the Authority International Atomic Energy Agency, which has closely followed the decommissioning of the Fukushima power plant, so it seems likely that the Japanese will go ahead with dumping water into the ocean, it is not surprising that the plant has faced some opposition. . of interest groups in neighboring countries, Henry Puna, leader of the Pacific Islands Forum, notes the terrible experiences of people in the Pacific Islands during nuclear weapons tests, fears further damage to their health and that many people on these islands depend on the sea for their livelihood.

Fishermen have also joined the course to rethink their concerns about seafood contamination, and they are probably right to worry because in the end it doesn't matter whether seafood is safe to eat, as long as customers fear it won't. It's about radiation. Some people don't like the idea of ​​blowing up nuclear reactors and space agencies have historically been among them, but this is about to change. NASA has announced that it is partnering with the US military's advanced projects agency, dapa, which is the same agency that previously experimented with mechanical elephants for jungle warfare and tried to recruit telepathic spies, also in The 1950s came up with the idea of ​​speeding up a spaceship by dropping nuclear bombs out the back and riding the blast wave, which at least is a pretty good metaphor for making YouTube jokes.

Fortunately, the new plan is a slightly less dramatic they want to put a nuclear fission reactor in a rocket to supply heat to a propellant tank most likely liquid hydrogen the hydrogen turns into a gas expands and rushes out through a rocket nozzle to provide old fashioned propellant That Newton would have approved this method could provide more power than a chemical rocket allowing spacecraft to carry up to three times the payload and make astronauts mask more quickly is not a new idea that originated in the during the 1950s. and both the United States and Russia conducted several ground tests, although no nuclear rocket has ever flown, the risk that a rocket damper or a collision with orbital debris could distribute radioactive material around the world has kept this technology firmly in place. soil. so far NASA's agreement with DARPA aims to put a rocket into orbit as early as 2027 probably propelled into space by traditional chemical rockets before turning on its reactor what could go wrong NASA also has plans to revolutionize passenger flights just grant Boeing $425 million to develop a transonic airliner that flies near the speed of sound but does not cross it.

The new plane will be designed to reduce the impact of air travel on the environment. One of the technologies being tested is Boeing's transonic airframe. -Concert based wing that aims to reach speeds of up to Mach 0.8 the new design combined with new engines and materials could mean a fuel saving of 30 compared to current passenger aircraft the wings of the new plane have a somewhat different angle forms a position on the aircraft that is higher and more forward than usual and the supportive confidence that comes from the lower part of the fuselage which attaches to the wing a little less than half its length, the aircraft is expected to demonstration will make its first flight in 2028.

Let's hope it arrives on time Hello, Mr. President, yes. It seems they have discovered that it is cheap to make Democratic decisions. No, I don't think it's Russian propaganda, but maybe that explains why we're talking about ballot boxes. You are welcome. A group of engineers at the University of Washington have come up with a way to send signals seemingly without power and while it's not two cups connected by a wire, it's not just theoretical speculation either, they actually built the thing and sent signals with it, this isn't violates one or two laws of nature, this is not necessarily what they did.

They used noise to create a signal. You see, an electrical circuit that is not powered will continue to create noise because it is constantly hit by particles from the environment and that noise depends on whether the circuit is more closed, so the researchers say, instead of powering the circuit and sending a signal with it. , we will use the receiver to capture how the noise changes when you open or close that circuit. This does not violate any conservation law because opening and closing the circuit requires energy, if not a lot, and most of the energy must be invested in the receiver to capture the signal, they managed to detect these passive signals from a distance of up to seven meters and leading data transfer speeds of up to 26 BPS, which is bits per second and slower than my first dial-up. modem, so there is a way to go, but one day I will use nothing but noisy circuits to control the quantum computer that is flying my transonic plane and then I will wake up.

A group of researchers from China and Saudi Arabia have come up with a new method to recover data from darkened blood or noisy images. Many techniques have been proposed for this before, but it stands out by doing the job with a low-resolution camera with little computational cost. For this research, they passed light from a known image through a random diffuser. To simulate the effect of a cloud, they move the camera to collect more information, build a 3D model of the diffusion cloud, and recover the image after subtracting the diffusion effect. This method does not magically produce a perfect color photograph fromof a massive blurry image. noise but improves the readability of individual letters maybe one day they will even find a way to decipher my doctor's handwriting light pollution is getting worse faster than expected according to a citizen science project whose results have just been published in the scientific reports it compiled The study of more than 50,000 participants from around the world found that star sightings declined faster than satellite brightness measurements would suggest.

According to the authors, this is because the emission spectrum and typical angle of the light have changed when switching to LED lights. has contributed significantly to the problem because LED streetlights are energy-saving and more widely used, at the same time, cheaper LED lights have the large blue component of the spectrum, which is much more detrimental to sleep cycles than the old yellowish light. which are energy efficient and have a low blue part of the spectrum, but are somewhat more expensive and are currently basically not used. I talked about this in more detail in a previous video.

Light pollution is not only an inconvenience for stargazers, it is correlated. with sleep problems in both quality and quantity, especially if the light has a strong blue component, light pollution disorients and weakens insects and birds with the effects that spread throughout the food chain and makes it difficult to find prey to nocturnal animals like bats, foxes and serial killers, but don't worry. the future will be bright the FBI estimates that financial losses from cyber attacks and malicious cyber activity in the US exceeded 6.9 billion in 2021. They receive more than 2,000 reports every day and this is a global problem, not an American one, if you will be. safe on internet or sponsor, no VPN can help you with that, no VPN is an app that you installed on your phone or laptop, it creates a secure connection to one of their servers and then browse the web from there, this keeps your data private Even on a public wireless norvpn also comes with a threat protection that keeps you safe from malware trackers and malicious arts.

If you are still not sure why you need an app like this, let me mention that they have more than 5000 servers around the world. world and you can choose one, this allows you to access websites in other countries using a server located there, so if a website or video is blocked where you are, that is an easy way to solve the problem. You can avail our special offer if you use the link not vpn.com Sabina or the coupon code Sabina not VPN is super easy to use, runs on almost all platforms and installs in a minute.

You can combine it with a password manager called not pass and the secure platform for storing and sharing. Files that are not called Locker, if you get them all together you will get a better price and they all have a 30 day money back guarantee, again that is not vpn.com Sabina or zabina coupon code links in the information below, so go and check this out. thanks for seeing us until next week