2JZ ENGINE - How it Works | SCIENCE GARAGE

(

engine

roaring) - Supra, have you ever heard of it? (

engine

roar) For 25 years, it's been JZ this and JZ that, but what's so special about that 2JZ engine? (techno music) First, a little history. Toyota makes an entire family of inline six-cylinder engines called JZ. The way Toyota names all of their engines is really interesting. You should look for it later. But we will talk about what we need to know about the 2JZ GTE. Anyway, there are three 2.5-liter inline-six engines called the 1JZ, and there are three three-liter variants called the 2JZ. There is the first reason why the 2JZ is quite popular.

The larger three-liter displacement simply means more horsepower than a 2.5-liter engine. And who doesn't want more horsepower? I want more horsepower. (man screaming) In the late '80s and early '90s, serious car accidents were getting out of hand in Japan and everyone there thought speed was an important factor. So Japanese domestic market automakers made an informal promise to each other that they would not sell any cars with more than 280 horsepower. It was called a gentlemen's agreement and everyone ignored it pretty quickly. Just like Nolan repeatedly ignores his gentlemen's agreement to pay me back the money he owes me. - Hey, hey, Bart? - What's wrong Eddy? - What happens with the RB? - RB, yeah buddy, I love Arby's!

Bring me a Big Montana and I'll keep rolling. Look, everyone knows, speed doesn't really hurt, it's the sudden stops that get to you. At the same time, all automakers promised not to launch into a horse war, the exchange rate was really favorable in the end. If you're a bit of a budget car nerd, check out James talking about the LS- - 400! (horn blaring) - But in Japan's recession, it was no big deal for Toyota to spend a lot of money developing a quality engine and materials. That's what Toyota did and as a result they ended up with some overbuilt engines that could easily make over 280 horsepower.

They were built so well that they could produce double or almost triple that without having to do significant work on the engine. The Toyota 2JZ GTE engine is the most notable example of this. At its core, the 2JZ GTE is a three-liter twin-turbo straight-six engine with an iron block and aluminum cylinder head. So, 2JZ, three liters and six cylinders in line. G, double overhead cam with high performance wide angle valve. T, turbocharged, E, electronic fuel injection. Those are all very good things if you want to make more horsepower. Both fuel injection systems and turbos are fairly easy to tune and upgrade.

And because it's an inline-six, the primary and secondary forces generated by the movement of the pistons cancel each other out, making for a naturally balanced and smooth-running engine. It also leaves extra room in the engine bay to get your hands dirty and install larger turbos. If you want to know more about everything I just said, check out our episode on inline six versus V6. US-market Supras were sold with larger fuel injectors, more powerful turbos, and different cams than the JDM cars. That helped them generate 320 horsepower at 5600 RPM and 315 feet of torque power at 4000 RPM. In its stock form, the 2JZ uses a sequential turbo setup.

The first turbo revs around 1800 RPM, and then the second turbo starts building boost around 4000. This type of setup reduces turbo lag, but to get the most horsepower, tuners change the twin setup turbo for a big turbo. And that sacrifices run time, but a larger turbo can generate more boost than two smaller ones. And that helps the engine reach its maximum power. Getting more power is pretty easy. Upgrading to a better-flowing intake, better-flowing exhaust, large single turbo, larger front-mounted internal cooler to replace the stock side-mounted internal cooler, higher-flowing external wastegate, fuel injectors , larger fuel lines, fuel pump and ECU. melody.

If you're going to make big power, you'll need a powerful engine. Many times, if you want to unlock the hidden potential of an engine, you have to get in there. We enforce a bunch of stuff, change some cams, replace all the valves and gaskets, and you know, time consuming dirty stuff. The fact that Toyota overengineered the 2JZ is the main reason it's so easy to throw in a huge turbo and make 800 horsepower. The cast iron engine block is, well, cast iron. Which is a really resistant material. The block also has a completely closed deck, meaning that unlike other inline engines, the area around the cylinders is completely filled, except for some coolant passages.

And that gives the block additional strength and really prevents it from cracking when running high boost levels. The engine crankshaft is made of ultra-strong forged steel, so it can easily withstand all those extra forces caused by generating more power. The seven main bearing caps that hold the crankshaft in place as it rotates are also enormously strong. Do you see where I'm going with this? Fresh from a Toyota factory, the 2JZ can take a beating. Engines that are built with more modest components would have to be torn down to upgrade any components that could fail under higher stress or higher power.

I mentioned before that the stock is aluminum, which is lightweight. Helps dissipate heat much more quickly. The pistons are also cast aluminum and have slightly domed tops. That gives the 2JZ GTE engine a lower compression ratio than the later popular 2JZ cousins ​​in the family. And while lower compression can sometimes mean lower performance, one benefit of lower factory compression is that it makes it easier to safely run more turbo boosts. Another unique feature of the 2JZ GTE is that there are oil injectors in the lower halves of the cylinder. They spray a little oil on the bottom of the piston to keep them more lubricated and reduce friction.

There are more than twice as many lubrication ports on the 2JZ compared to some of its newer competitors. At high engine speed, that helps keep the engine temperature a little cooler and helps keep the pistons lubricated so they don't break. OMG, check out our video on motor oils to learn more about this. (light drum music) Man, that has to be it, it's so many things. No, wait, there's more! (kids cheering) This engine also has a high capacity oil pump and cooling system, see where I'm going? The engine is built to withstand mind-blowing abuse. (engine roaring) JDM Toyota had variable valve timing in 1998, but the US didn't.

Do you want to know more about valve timing? Watch the video on V-Tech. Turns out people are fine with the Non-VVT2J because it's a non-interference engine. So if you're running at 6000 RPM and a timing belt breaks, an interference-free engine means the pistons won't hit your valve. With variable valve timing, you don't always know that the belt is broken, so the piston keeps going up, the valve can be pushed down to open, and boom, you have a bent valve. The non-VVT2JZ model is not a valve bender. Which means that if the belt breaks or skips a tooth, you don't have to go in and replace all the valves, which is expensive and time-consuming.

So why so much love for the 2JZ GTE? It was a beautifully designed and oversized cast iron giant that, due to its inline design, is somehow still elegant. It seems that the engineers who designed it took into consideration all the possible conditions that could damage an engine and designed with all of them in mind. They created an almost bulletproof inline six and people love it so much that there are endless parts forums on the wizard if you want to start working on one. We're all excited because there are some cars coming off the line in recent years making approximately 800 horsepower. 2JZs have reportedly been boosted and tuned to six, seven, and, yes, even 800 horsepower with stock internals, and even more when swapping out the jugs. 2JZ engine, subscribe to Donut, guys.

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