Atoms | What are They? What are Protons, Neutrons and Electrons?

What's up, devourer? Add another educational video as always. Don't forget to laugh with a big thumbs down. Subscribe for more videos and check out the other videos listed in the description below. Today we will look at

atoms

more specifically.

what

is an atom

what

constitutes an atom the structure of an atom and how to calculate subatomic particles let's start by seeing what an atom is

atoms

are the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist approximately zero point zero zero zero zero zero zero one centimeters wide, if we put it in some context, the number of atoms you would need to stack to get the thickness of a crispy potato or chip is the same amount you would need to stack to achieve the height of Mount Everest.

Well, I know that's a lot of chips, 7 million to be exact, so what makes up an atom? Well, atoms are made up of three even smaller particles called

neutrons

,

protons

and

electrons

, now that we know what an atom is and what it is made of. We can see how this shape is structure, those white lines that surround the center of the atom are known as the electron shell and it is where the

electrons

extend into orbit the nucleus the nucleus is the dense nucleus in the center of the atom within this dense Both

protons

and

neutrons

can be found in the nucleus, so now that we know what an atom is and how it is structured, we can start calculating subatomic particles, so that each particle has two properties: a mass, then how heavy it is and what a burden it can be. positive negative or neutral if we look at the proton in the table you can see that it has one mass and a positive charge while we look at the neutron it has the same mass but a different charge since neutrons are neutral lastly the electrons have almost one mass zero and a negative charge an easy way I find to remember the charges is pro for proton is positive pro for positive new for neutron the neutron has new and the electron is the only one left, so it is negative, so if we look at a element in the periodic table for example carbon we see that it has two sets of numbers and a letter the sea is a symbol of the element carbon and this is how it is represented in chemical formulas for example co2 so what we breathe air the C means carbon and the O means oxygen, 6 is the atomic number of carbons, so this is the number of protons the atom has in an atom.

You have the same number of protons and electrons, so this 6 also represents the number of electrons in the atom. 12 is the atomic weight of carbons, so remember. how we talked about the weight of protons and neutrons, the number is those two added together, you may wonder what happened to the electrons if we remember that electrons have zero weight, almost zero, so

they

are not included in the calculation, okay, if you look now at some of the equations that help us calculate both the atomic weight and the atomic number of an element again, we will look at carbon as our example if we want to find the mass number, which is the 12 that we need plus the number of protons and the number of neutrons together, so if we had six protons and six neutrons, it would be twelve, but what if we didn't know the number of neutrons well?

We can construct the atomic number from the mass number, so that carbon has a mass number. out of 12 we take six and that means we get six this means carbon has six neutrons and as we said before the atomic number is the number of protons in an atom an overview to make sure everyone was listening and the atom is The smallest particle of a chemical element is made up of three smaller particles called neutrons, protons and electrons, these form the structure of the atoms in the structure, their electrons orbit around the center of the atom known as the nucleus, which contains the neutrons and the protons.

Each particle has two properties, one mass. and a charge the protons have one for their mass and a positive charge the neutrons have one for their mass and a zero charge that in neutral the electrons have almost zero mass in a negative charge when we look at the chemical symbol of an element the letter is the element symbol and is how it is represented in a chemical equation the top number is the atomic weight of the elements and the bottom number is the elements atomic number three equations we use to help us calculate subatomic particles where the mass number is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons the number of neutrons is equal to the mass number take the atomic number an atomic number is the number of protons and remember that an atom always has the same number of protons and electrons in the atom, that's all Thanks for watching, don't forget to check out other videos linked in the description below, if you liked the video, give it a big thumbs up, subscribe so you don't miss any more videos and I'll see you next time.