The Collapse Of France's Sauciest Dynasty | Rise & Fall Of Versailles | Real Royalty

This channel is part of the history of the hit Network Louis turbulent Louis sought magnificence in all things, he strove to achieve it in love, in battle and in art, but above all he wanted magnificence in Versailles creating a building so spectacular that it would eclipse any palace on Earth taken from Intimate Memoirs and official records. This is the story of how A King's Obsession created one of the wonders of the world. It started in a swamp. It was here, in a mosquito-infested expanse of Marshland, that Louis, the 27-year-old king of France, decided to build his new palace near an unremarkable little country town called Versailles.

His courtiers were not at all impressed, it was almost as if Louis would have deliberately chosen the worst possible site for his magnificent Palace in order to demonstrate to the world that his will was greater than nature. Louis had a sentimental reason for choosing his mansion, it was the view of his father's old hunting lodge and as a child he had played and hunted here Louis's original Chateau, his father was on top of a hill. The problem if you wanted to turn it into a big palace was that you weren't going to go. To build on flat land, Louis was told that this is not a great place for a major expansion of his father's castle, as a monarch with absolute power, Louis was not used to being told what to do and did not like it. much that was strange.

From the beginning, Louis was thinking big and began by hiring the best architect of the time, Louis Laveau, to transform the hunting lodge into the palace of his dreams. Louis was going to devote much of his energy to his new project, but he was always sure to make time for his other great passion. Although he was married to Queen Maria Theresa, he had numerous affairs. His current lover was a young aristocratic beauty named Louise de la Valiere. Louie's attitude towards women was one of tremendous enthusiasm. He

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ly loved women. He didn't just love them for sex.

He loved their company. He loved their conversation. He loved their elegance. He loved women who were witty and refined. Above all, I think he loved women. women because they made fun of him, they made him laugh, he laughs, he had a tremendous sexual appetite, he would do it quite often if his lover took too long to remove her dress have a turn with his maid while waiting or with a servant passing by. Versailles hallway he made love like he did everything else with enormous enthusiasm, a French king was expected to have a mistress and in a way it symbolized the virility of the nation and you know, 100 years later, poor Louis XVI, the French were furious with him because he didn't have a lover.

Louise de la Valiero was the first official lover of Louis the poet, she was a lady-in-waiting at court she was an innocent charming daughter of a good family and she adored the king and was irresistible because she genuinely convinced him that she loved him for himself and I think this is what the young king wanted to hear. I think he had a very good time, Louise was very important to him, he loved her, they had two children together, he made her a duchess, but it was a young man's infatuation rather than a deep passion, whatever his feelings for Louise were. .

Louis was always careful to fulfill all of his wishes. his obligations to his wife his marriage to Queen Maria Theresa was politically vital, he had ensured peace between France and Spain for many years and he needed to father children with her to ensure that his

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lived in Louis felt a duty to the queen he appointed I love her often and she always had a special mask the next day and everyone elbowed each other in court because she seemed so pleased when she came into the chapel. um, he was attentive to her, courteous to her, they had children by her. together but she simply did not have the looks or the education or the spirit or the charm to captivate a man so she accepted his infidelity as did most royal and aristocratic women at that time as part of the marriage Louise courtiers bitten by mosquitoes He also had to accept his King for what he was like all the monarchs of the 17th century.

Luis believed he was directly appointed by God. I miss you because no one could tell him what to do, he was simply the only Power in the

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m and he had had this Consciousness for as long as he was. a very, very small child, I think it meant that he didn't have any arrogance or arrogance, um of the opinion that he was practically a God himself. History Hit is a streaming platform that's just for history fans with fantastic documentaries covering fascinating figures and moments in history from around the world we have unrivaled access to the world's leading historians with hundreds of documentaries featuring from Boudicca To the British Royal Family we are committed to providing history fans with award-winning documentaries and podcasts they won't be able to find anywhere else Sign up now for a free trial and a real royal fans get 50 off your first three months just make sure of using the royal code

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at checkout like some kind of living God Louis loved nothing more than being the center of everyone else's attention Louis was brought in When he was young, in a theater-crazy time, he took lessons in dance that seemed to have completely transformed his self-confidence.

In reality, he was a very accomplished dancer and clearly enjoyed taking part in these performances which were mainly performed in front of a court audience. I think all of his contemporaries were extremely impressed by him. He was strikingly handsome with his long golden hair and almost aerobic face. In fact, he was a gift from God, as his Alabaster mother called him. Louis liked to dress up and not just for fun, it was part of his public image. He chose as a model the Greek god Apollo represented in classical imagery as the sun. Foreigner was very interested in the Sun as a symbol.

It is a very powerful symbol because it sheds its light everywhere. Obviously it is very beneficial, but it is also a symbol of uh domination because all other elements are subordinate to the sun these Innocents above all foreign title was one that was a piece of propaganda when I was young but like many pieces of propaganda I think it is With Fap Leveau's plans for the redevelopment of Versailles complete and ready to present to his demanding boss, Louis certainly knew that what he wanted was a building that had that shock and awe effect. There is absolutely no doubt that he wanted a building that was sensational.

The model was impressive but had one major flaw. He planned to destroy the old foreign hunting lodge to always keep a small castle of his father, so that was a problem for an architect because architects prefer to destroy everything and build a new building, so Luis fired the architect and he told him. I want this little Shadow to be preserved within the limitations with Lavo returned to the drawing board. Louis directed his attention to the landscape he wanted to expand the existing Garden by adding ornamental lakes and groves lined with dazzling fountains representing a horrible sight, there were no views, it is surrounded. on the slopes of a valley and furthermore Versailles was not naturally endowed with the region with the type of trees that Louis wanted for his garden.

Louie's head gardener was the most famous landscaper of the century. Andre Lonot Versailles would be the biggest challenge of his career abroad. King did not want to wait for his Earthly Paradise or for his trees to grow from saplings. Louis XIV wanted results and he wanted them quickly. This was really the theme of the whole kind of project on his side and the solution was to uproot other's mature trees. parts of France and bring them in and a special contraption was invented, a horse-drawn contraption that would allow these mature trees to be transported, as you can imagine, these terribly bad roads from other provinces with major new construction works waiting.

Louis was ordered by levo to improve the interior of Versailles on his inspection tours. Louis was accompanied by his entourage, including the lover Louis de la Valiere, but Louise now had a rival, Adam, a foreigner desperate to try to regain her attention, she never He did, so I think he probably suffered quite a bit. I think the king could pick and choose cakes, they are a great aphrodisiac, a kind of crown even more so, naturally. I think he chose very beautiful women. Foreigners liked to show their power after winning a war against Spain. She celebrated with a big party in the gardens of Versailles.

It was also a chance for the king to show off the woman who had now replaced Luisa as his favorite mistress. Her name was Madame de Montespawn and she was one of the most beautiful women in France. Foreigner Foreigner He loved everything that had to do with pleasure He loved He liked jewelry, wonderful clothes, he liked food, flowers, gardening and a bubble. She liked sex, you see, and so did he, so she found the perfect medium for him and she knew about having wonderful feasts and entertainments, so she was. She was exactly the kind of person Louis imagined suitable while at the same time she was so beautiful that the ambassadors thought she contributed to the legend of the King himself, the sun.

The King's festivities were more than pleasure, they had real political significance. Louis was slowly converting his new palace into the most important and elegant seat of power in Europe the parties at Valsai um have been described as pagan masses fireworks rides along the canal in gondolas dancing for 3,000 people under the stars playing ballets with a hundred Luli dancers as much as you can I could imagine suddenly in this tremendous circus celebrating the king the great parties were intended to show the nobility and the rest of Europe how powerful the king of France was what wonderful artists he had what musicians what Superior his court and his culture were, to all other appointments and cultures in Europe, the king's former lover, Luisa, finally gave up trying to win him back after years of neglect, she decided to enter a convent leaving behind the children she had had. with Luis, she felt guilty for leaving him. behind them because she knew they were going to be treated very well so I don't think she felt that kind of guilt because I think she wanted to erase her great guilt with Penance and fasting and all that in the conflict and when she finally escaped, I think she she was much happier, she became a very tough nun, you know, haircut, hair shirt, prayer and repentance and, in general, she ended her life more or less in the order of holiness because Luis spent more and more time in Versailles and decided to move his entire government there to accommodate the new officials.

Levo suggested a new idea by keeping the old hunting lodge, but by enclosing it with huge new buildings on three sides, the design became known as the envelope. The castle was preserved, but it was wrapped in this new building in a completely different style that looked like a palace. What he also did with Laveau was build pavilions for his ministers. Now this was very important. What this meant was that for the first time Versailles could function. as the seat of the monarchy a place from where the king could govern the construction of the envelope was an enormous task that required thousands of workers, the largest number of workers was 40,000 people at the same time, it was a very dangerous place also because the work to be carried out was not carried out safely.

Of course, it was with accidents and people dying. Louis was eager to finish the job quickly. Work continued day and night, there was no health and safety regime and the workers who were most at risk were those working high up, for example the roofers Los Carpinteros know that there were many accidents on site and there were times when the mortality rate was high and in order not to demoralize the workforce the corpses were removed at night thank you Louise Madame de Montespa was already married, but that did not stop her from spending most of her time with the King and he made sure that she received the VIP treatment.

He had a suite of 20 rooms, while the queen had to make do with 11. They were magnificently decorated and he spent a lot of time in them, including a very unusual bathroom for the time in which he and the answer most apparently spent many happy hours in despite his elevated status. Montespawn found it difficult to share Louis even with his own wife. I don't think she. I was really jealous of the queen because after all she had all Louie's true love and she knew it, but I think she made scenes about the other Mistresses when they showed up as the years went by and I think there are some possibly Louis men among them who I really like it if a woman is jealous and shows signs of affection.

You know, she certainly complained like crazy if she felt that he had strayed from what was actually an illegitimate relationship. Louis kept a close eye on the construction work, but an inspection visit brought an unpleasant surp

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an angry motherfor the death of her son murdered on the site, she was waiting for him hey man, they told us that she just let Louis this mother because there were guards everywhere and of course, as soon as she said this, she was quickly pushed away for her punishment. ah um lunotra's ambitious plans were finally taking shape and Louie's dream of creating the most spectacular palace in Europe was slowly becoming a reality.

Louie's great gardener, his real gift was to basically rearrange the landscape and divide it into a grid and then treat the units within the grid essentially as outdoor rooms and then he would bring in all kinds of other people's water Engineers sculptors Architects essentially to furnish These rooms the foreign ministers Luisa were installed in their new apartments and the King began to rule from Versailles now Louis decided that he would make the palace his permanent home and insisted that the main French nobles also come and live there hello in Italian there is no doubt that for Louis's nobility, especially the great court nobility, was an essential aspect of his reign, they surrounded him with glory, that status, this is a state in which he ultimately decides the granting of the favor. or refuse the favor is in the king's hands if he was seeking military command if he was seeking favors for many of his clients' followers and family, then the way to achieve this was by gaining access to Louis and, to a lesser extent, having access to the ministers around Louis, gathering all the nobles would mean even more construction work.

Lewis Finance Minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert was concerned about foreign spending so he could monitor it and convey the message he wanted to convey to his nobles. was this you don't need to rebel to get what you want what you have to do is come and court me the foreign architect Louis Laveau died before his project was completed his replacement jul mansar had his own ideas Masa had the great The idea of ​​having big wings on each side of the envelope to make some adaptations for the princes and the court, so it was a huge design and I think he had a great idea of ​​what would be a great balance for a great king, it is the most ambitious proposal of Mansar.

It was to build a fabulous gallery lined with foreign mirrors. However, the magnificent plans that Louis experimented with his builders were familiar. Everything took much longer and cost much more than estimates and caused a terrible disaster. Nothing is more fake than these funny photographs of their In plain sight, you see the majestic place with everything perfect, you know, everyone sliding around, in reality, it was a huge construction site, all the ladies of the court complained. Work started at 6am, darling, the dust and smell of wet plaster getting into their hair. exactly like today exactly like what we feel on a small scale when our neighbors are going to build must have been an incredible sight.

I mean, the first day at that size, everyone stopped pushing, pushing, pushing, pushing, pushing, pushing for bigger rooms and better rooms and a better position in the meantime. The lesser people, you know, tried to get down from the attics, get better rooms and always to be as close as possible to the foreign king. At night there was a kind of big unrolling of mattresses all over the palace while the servants and the guard soldiers Um, you know, went to sleep on the floor, in the bathroom. The arrangements were quite basic. Servants wouldn't think to relieve themselves in the halls of Versailles, so you have this extraordinary focus on outward appearances and magnificent clothing, but next door you have all these smells, I mean you could have been in a farm yard.

I think many members of the nobility would have been bothered by the chaos and lack of order and skeptics complained at length about this, but I think one should not underestimate the compulsive desire of the majority of the great nobility. to attend court to be close to King Louie King Louie's desire for magnificence extended to all aspects of his life, especially his wardrobe, he dressed in the finest fabrics and expected his courtiers to do the same abroad and when his hair began to recede he adopted the fashion for elaborate ones. wigs half an inch of lace on a cuff a gold or silver button whether her pearl was here on her neck or here this could mean life or death for the court her fashion was enormously important and it was a very important way for the aristocracy to distinguish themselves from The Ordinary People Louis influenced fashion to some extent when he was young he dressed quite extravagantly, with lots of gentlemanly silks, lace and ribbons, he was a bit short so he introduced a fashion for high heeled shoes , perhaps his lovers.

They were most influential in fashion. Madame de Montespa invented several outfits, including one, the Glorioso disabilier, which was a kind of tunic worn over pants and she invented it because it was very easy to take off. Typically, a lady's dress required two women to stand behind her to undo it. all the threads and of course Louis was an impatient man and couldn't be bothered to wait, so she invented this suit so that he could discreetly and easily undress her in private with so many years at court now craving her attention. Louis kept them busy by turning his daily activities into public rituals when he gets up in the morning, that's the Royal Navy with a long queue of great Nobles handing him different articles of clothing at night, everything is backwards, it's the Royal cliché and he takes the things and gives them to the Nobles.

The nobles were fighting among themselves over which of them had the right to give him his shirt because he had to be the highest ranking person in the room, they couldn't go out into the countryside on his property and start raising armies to meddle. It meant that they had to stand there arguing about whose turn it was to give the king the napkin. Even the king's mealtimes became a performance in which the nobles stood and watched the king eat, waiting for one of them to speak. the Versailles phenomena. It was the place where the main nobles adopted these deferential poses.

This was actually a very, very powerful signal that the monarchy was back in charge. Flattery became a way of life. His wife's baby is due and this nobleman says that when His Majesty wishes it is foreign, in addition to housing thousands of courtiers and officials, Versailles was also used by the king to promote France itself, there was a deliberate intention to create a showcase for French manufacturers and rival or surpass. Italy, above all, which was the great source of taste in the 17th century, the magnificence of the interior, of course, had to do with the splendor of the monarchy and the splendor of Louis XIV.

Louis personally loved rich materials and fine craftsmanship, but he was also a careful Orchestration of Louis XIV France's claim to lead Europe in terms of taste and arts as construction progressed Louis commissioned hundreds of paintings, sculptures and other decorations, many of which contain images of himself as the embodiment of French glory. This was no accident when comparing Louis to previous rulers. It's notable how he had professional advice, so he didn't present the image on his own. There was a whole back-up team of intellectual writers. It is a real innovation that there should be a small committee of people who are simply working on how to present the image of the king.

As soon as possible, the great French painter Charles LeBron was recruited to the cause. Foreign creators liked the art that presented him as a conquering hero, drawing on figures from ancient mythology such as Jupiter and his favorite Apollo, the association with images of very powerful men of the past was part of this strategy being the best king and the most powerful and important king of the time. Louie's public image may have included a fair amount of 17th century publicity, but he certainly was a notable man because he hunted three times a day. He goes to Council meetings three times a day He is a hard worker He makes love three times a day We must conclude that the man had incredible energies Louie's tireless pursuit of glory and magnificence found expression in The Gardens of Versailles but not even the king was able to change the geography of a region that had a critical shortage of running water to feed the hundreds of new fountains that Lenote had installed and therefore when the king went for a walk, his gardeners had to open the fountains as he approached. and then turning them off again once it had passed.

Ry, the problem of getting high pressure running water supplies was never adequately solved. Several attempts were made to find alternative sources from quite a distance from Versailles, the famous Malian machine, a series of enormous water wheels intended to bring water from the sand and deliver it to the Palace of Versailles, this provided water, but not enough. The grand and final plan involved the construction of a large-scale Roman-style aqueduct, abandoned as too expensive and the result, of course, was that the great Si Gardens never had enough. water to power all the fountains simultaneously fortunately there was enough glass to furnish the most ambitious development of the palace the result of six years of intense work this was the mansar and LeBron's most surprising achievement its size Foreign Hall of Mirrors I think the effect of the gallery is more of a dream Wonderful life given by the mirrors and I think it is very impressive and surprising this eye is undoubtedly one of the great palaces.

Louis would have wanted us to think of the Chateau as an integrated whole, not to focus on specific elements where the Hall is located. of the Mirrors or the grand canal and as an integrated unit it completely eclipses, I believe that almost all other palaces have conceived or built foreign public shoes, if we understand one, we understand the other, its authority and maintain its position has to do so through the Versailles exhibition. an ideal theatrical set in which he can perform what he considers his royal duties. From this point of view, Versailles meets those requirements better than almost any other building you can imagine.

Louie's love affair with her palace lasted longer than any of her human relationships. After 14 years, nine pregnancies and seven children, Montespa began to lose her appearance and her dominance over the king. Madame de Montespan began to lose favor because inevitably after nine pregnancies her figure was not exactly what it was, she became quite a blouson. and drank. She gambled too much, she became a nuisance with her tantrums, and I think, like many women, the more she felt like her man was slipping away from her, the more needy and clingy she became. the more Madonna pushed him away, but I think Louis was also going through a pretty significant personal transformation, he was becoming a lot more religious.

Madame de montespawn was a married woman, committing adultery with an unmarried woman was one thing, but double adultery was a sacrilege, it was tremendous. Scandal and she was becoming aware of the fact that her way of life was really compromising the state and compromising her

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. Luis turned to a very different woman to govern his illegitimate children. Mantanong was pious, calm and intelligent qualities that a middle-aged Luis had. Coming to admire the poor guy on the mountain I had to do everything she had to act as cook, plumber, gardener, as well as teacher and babysitter, it was exhausting and she did it so well that Louis began to pay attention to her.

I noticed this this intelligent woman this calm presence slowly slowly Madame Dementinal began to seduce the king she rejected Mrs. Montespan she was distraught Mistress I think it was Mantano's promotion in the first place that really irritated her because she discovered that she had made a mistake. He had underestimated another woman who was poor and widowed and harmless and very nice and intelligent and he wasn't amused by the fact that Louis could

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in love with a woman like that, you know, and it could be a very seductive thing for him in a completely different way. . far from her own seductive past and I think for at least a couple of years she was extremely angry when the long-suffering Queen Maria Theresa of Louie died, he was free to marry again and turned to the quiet governess, she had not only won his heart . she had convinced him that she could help save his soul, in fact, the mentality of the century was very different, the attention paid to salvation, dying in a state of grace so that you would not go to hell, was enormous and Louis, who in in a way it was quite simple, he took this very very seriously and i think montenor convinced him that she could help him achieve his salvation as a mountain or he was a commoner, the king could only marry her behind closed doors, he needed a secret wedding in the church, a wedding in Morgan's attic, as they are called in presence. of the clergy and the Witnesses after that he is right with God in the church he can go to communion, everything isperfectly fine and it is interesting that Louis never declared the marriage because she was not a princess, he had his own values, that is, he would have his own private life but in public he was reclusive in public Louis concentrated on running his life at Court of the Palace of Versailles became more and more formalized I think the establishment of the court in full Versailles but turned it into the great social political power broken Central France yes, I was exciting if you thought like a French noble because Louis XIV was your host you would spend the night in the physical presence of the king of France you would be admitted to his gaming table you would be asked to dance in front of the king now by Nobles, this was something enormously prestigious and enormously flattering, continuing to consume the court of Versailles could be seen as such a crossing time between Royal Ascot and the trading floor of a futures exchange, a combination of a very socially elite group who already know each other and can interact. each other and at the same time a group of seasoned professionals who have their own language and their own codes, who know how to reach agreements and extract the best possible advantages from a particular situation.

Versailles was the original focus of the scandal, the phrase with which everyone began their conversation was in D they are saying they are saying this they are saying that all day these Whispers of rumors would travel around the palace and people would send little bulletins to each other from Sudan's chair to report on what was happening in the different rooms and that, of course, made it a tremendously claustrophobic place to live, nothing could be done without everyone knowing, there was an extraordinary networking center, everyone who was anyone in France was now on his side, so being excluded was disastrous.

For a French nobleman, the worst thing a court could hear from the King was that he was a man. I have never seen people spend literally years trying to hear a word or gesture from the King, walk with the nobility now so dependent. Thanks to him, Louis was able to completely immerse himself in the role he was born to play; he emerges as an absolutely accomplished performer; The whole Versailles regime depended on you having this extraordinarily charismatic figure who could act in the right way for this enormous audience that he had. gathered around him, huh, but Louis was just a human being and after years of good health he began to suffer from a serious medical problem, an anal fistula and of course this was an extremely serious condition in the context of the 17th century, the risk of gangrene. the pus would leak into the rest of the body and was in fact very large, in fact if left untreated he would almost certainly have killed the king.

The only way to cure it was through invasive surgery; The surgery had had a very poor success rate, but Louis instructed his doctors to go ahead. The doctor devised a new instrument especially for the operation which the doctors involved in the operation performed on several others who had anal fistulas beforehand, but it was still a very risky operation. In the 17th century doctors were much more likely to kill you than cure you. Great effort was made at Versailles to keep the details of this secret because it felt so likely that the king would not survive that the diplomatic repercussions of this would spread throughout Europe.

He never spoke at all. imagine the pain without other people's anesthesia, this extraordinary self-control that he had, he just gritted his teeth and behaved with great dignity and that night he took an extraordinary council meeting, very pale, all this sheen of sweat but he did it Louis recovered his health but other problems stalked his fame and success had earned him many enemies two years after his operation France began a costly war against Spain England and Sweden while fighting raged over some of Versailles Silva was quietly removed and melted down to pay the king's foreign soldiers Louis signed An unfavorable peace treaty that granted territory to his enemies the Sun King was finally in Decline and although he continued to make small improvements to his great palace he lost much of his foreign enthusiasm after only four years of Peace a new crisis threatened the King of Spain died leaving his empire to Louie's grandson.

If Louis accepted on behalf of the boy, he knew that the other European powers would try to stop him, but if he refused, the territories would go to France's rivals in Austria. He was in an impossible situation. . Louis was damned if he did. Damn him if he does not face an issue that affects the honor of his

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, perhaps it is not surprising that he chooses to accept the Spanish offer, but it inevitably provokes war with the other great European powers, this is the hardest war of the reign from Louie. It lasted 12 years and brought France to the brink of ruin.

As Louis grew older and weaker, he fell increasingly under the influence of his devoted wife and now shunned the lavish entertainments that had once filled his beloved palace. I think Versailles became a cold and tedious place. In many ways, once the mantanon caught Louis, it became a pretty grim sort of world where whatever the king of France was doing, you could set your watch, you could look at a watch at any time of day and know exactly where Louis was. went and his whole life became this endless choreography of etiquette and ritual with Madame de Mountain sitting there in the corner like some kind of sacred spider watching it all well, yes, deposition with a comfort for Louis when he needed it, the greatest illness took the lives of many members of his family, including a son and grandson, and was haunted by the legacy of his wars.

I think Louis was a tragic figure in his final days. I believe a tragedy began with the sudden death of many of his nearest and dearest. Louis had a lot more on his side, but she said about him that sometimes he was left alone with the way he closed the doors and then he would just cry, but the way things had gone, I think it was a very sad old age. , you know, outlive their descendants. and having led France into these wars that seemed so wonderful when he was winning them and became so horrible when he was not 76 years old and after 72 years on the throne, Louis was again taken seriously due to illness, no one expected Louis XIV to live so long. as he did when Louis finally weakens in the last year of his life, it is the result of a gangrenous infection that gradually spreads from his leg to the rest of the left side of his body, even Louie's own death became a performance foreign public that in reality was not. at the king's side when he died and that was not the practice by his own desire, he went to a convent to be among ladies who would suck him off and sympathize with him and they left him as a priest and ultimately, to God, he died quite slowly and so on.

She came back once, I think twice to be with him again, but finally it was time for her to leave the throne. She was a very young daughter of the five-year-old boy and they brought him to see her grandfather and her grandfather. The grandfather tells you to be a good king, but he says that I have loved war too much. Very sad words upon the death of Louis XIV. Certainly foreign. Throughout his long reign, Louis sought to bring glory to himself and his country, that lifelong devotion expressed in the extraordinary Palace. He built Versailles is the reason why he has become part of the very essence of France.

He not only left behind glorious monuments, beautiful buildings, fabulous paintings. He left a sense of identity that has lasted to this day. Louis certainly embodies, I think, the idea of ​​the greatness of France. France he was the king and you were the subject and there was never any doubt that he imposed his will on the world so splendidly in every way that he wanted to impress everyone and I think he succeeded. The scale of the vision is impressive, no. one did it like Louie the most magnificent palace in the world is about to become the most notorious home of decadence on a truly royal scale prostitution and gluttony gambling and torture and enough sex to scandalize even the french this is the story of a king who took Versailles transformed put it in his Palace of Pleasure and brought the monarchy to the brink of

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oh wow, the vigil ceremony of the duke of arju by the grace of God king Louis XV monarch of France and Navarre just a boy of 11 years ahead Louis will reign for 58 years but his entire life will be lived in the shadow of the glory of another man, his predecessor Louis XIV, and the 14th was an incredibly difficult act to follow.

He is seen as the great one. He is the conqueror of Europe. He adds France. He is the greatest monarch in the world. 17th century he was the first actor on the stage of Versailles he was the son he was Apollo the son God everything revolved around him the etiquette of the Court on the day of the Court the extraordinary life he lived entirely in the public eye in his patronage of the Las arts in his construction projects in his personal conduct in the way he dressed, in the way he ate, in his appearance, in the way he walked and in the fountains in his gardens, in the silver next to his bed, there were Louis XV never expected to be king, but both his father and grandfather died before he could attain the throne.

Louis He is a sickly child from very early on, wherever he went. Louis was surrounded by the legacy of his great-grandfather, the man who first built the extraordinary palace that was his. Certainly at home when we imagine that Louis he. Louis had been called the king of France since he was five years old, but others ruled the country in his name. On his 12th birthday, it was time to take his crown and his place on the world stage. The coronation of Louis young his ambitions and expectations for the new Kingdom. An unproven king, but there was a shadow over Louie's inheritance cast not by an eclipse but by a mountain of debt, for all his successes in war and diplomacy, Louis XIV never managed to balance the accounts or even pay the debt. construction of his enormous palace.

XIV, when he died, he left France in an absolutely terrible situation after a long war, of course, he left France for something like 20 years. Debt income. Two billion levers in debt at least and this was going to be an absolutely huge problem. Two billion pounds, that is, 160 billion pounds. with today's money, but before he could begin to work on that problem there was something else that demanded the new king's immediate attention: the married couple Louis little infant from Spain, he was still only five years old and since 15-year-old boys hated sweet girls, he was quite embarrassed to have her around.

Furthermore, the ministers were totally interested in her reproducing, so the little infanta that was on her doorstep was sent back to Madrid and a new one. A wife had to be found, they looked for princesses and finally decided on Maria Lezinskaya, who was not the most obvious choice since her father was the deposed king of Poland and she really had no money, she was 22 years old and quite pretty, although like um , the female court is disparagingly commented that her complexion had never known any other cosmetics and snow, however, 15-year-old boys are not really very demanding and Louis fell madly in love with her immediately.

Ah, Ryan Bretta Majesty. Les Royal's sex lives were public property and Louise was much discussed in the halls of Versailles, if not always believed, oh man, no, Louis was now a husband, but had not yet truly become a ruler, so what he set out to copy from his great-grandfather. Louis XIV had begun his reign by becoming his own cousin. minister, so now number 15 decided to do exactly the same. It would have been very easy for Louis XV to choose a prime minister, which would have been a much better solution for him because then he could have chosen and appointed someone for the job.

Foreign Minister JavaScript has the feeling that he has to follow in the footsteps of his great-grandfather Louis XIV and to be a true king he has to be a new Louis XIV Louis lived just like his great-grandfather ruling as an absolute monarch enjoying hunting in the forests at his side and soon fulfilling the first and most important of all his royal roles, fatherhood in the aerial films, the relationship between Louis XV and his wife Maria Lejinska began very well, they really managed to establish a relationship that Over a period of 10 years certainlywas quite happy, they had a series of children and seemed to have found some kind of emotional support in each other's company.

More children followed at regular intervals over the next 10 happy years. Eight girls. and two foreign children Louis may have enjoyed being a father, but the queen, after a decade of continuous pregnancies, was fed up with it all, the queen began to complain that she was either pregnant in bed or being carried to bed, finally they had 10 children. By the time Louis was 27, the queen had had enough, so she began telling the king that he was not allowed into her bedroom on certain saints' days because she was a very pious woman. Little by little, Saints' days became more frequent. and the saints themselves grew darker and darker until finally Louis lost his temper and asked Libel to be the concierge of Versailles to bring him a woman.

Any woman Louis had only to ask and almost anything could be provided to anyone, and the king gradually got into it. the habit of having first flirtations with the ladies of the court and then full-blown adventures. Luis began a life of carnal adventures that would make him one of the greatest libertines in history. He was a great womanizer but there was nothing unusual about him. French kings were expected to be womanizers and this was seen as a sign that they were virile and were going to produce an heir and in fact acted in an aristocratic and masculine manner within the aristocratic society in which the king had been raised with the idea of marriage.

It was seen as ridiculous. Louie's first illicit love was Louise Julie Denell, a beautiful young aristocrat and the eldest of five equally attractive sisters. The interesting thing was that he then proceeded to take all the other sisters in his family as his mistresses as well, although it's a bit doubtful. that he had an affair with the fourth, it is likely that she did, it was rumored that one of her sisters, the Duchess, asked her other sister to come and help her occasionally, yes, in some ways, it was scary. I thought it was more amusing than embarrassing that both Louis XIV and Louis XV had enormous sexual appetites and maybe four women were really what the bourbon blood needed.

Louie's affairs with his favorite sisters and his simultaneous affairs with many other women produced the inevitable consequences over the course of his reign, the king would father a whole brood of illegitimate children, um, we're not actually sure how many, but certainly in the region of 30, I think would be a decent guess, but as the rooms of Versailles filled with Louie's offspring, the king's mind. He moved to State Affairs He decided to copy his illustrious predecessor in another way By taking France to war abroad Louis XV's decision to go to war in 1744 was very popular This is what a king of France should do He should being seen in the head of his armies fighting and leading his troops Louie's declaration of war against France's traditional enemies of Great Britain and Austria made him a hero on the streets and so did his decision to lead his armies in person accompanied , of course, by two of the Danelle sisters, but the war would bring Louis his first brush with death while on the Mets, he felt terribly ill. and it was considered that he was going to die, certainly the doctors had lost hope and in France the population was really shocked, absolutely frozen by the fear of losing their King, thanks to, as a Catholic, receive the last sacraments.

He had to confess and to confess he had to say goodbye to her lover and give her up. Louis didn't think much about his wedding vows, but like most people his age, he believed in heaven and hell and knew which one he wanted. avoid is the king as the least of his subjects was afraid of dying without Absolution and feared for the state of his soul Immortal knew that one day he would have to face God and give an account of himself and then he would only be a man before God like any other another foreign man, but they refused to go altogether and stayed in the city of Mets until the bishops were forced to send a message saying that our Lord was not really going to wait for their pleasure and to please be and then the sisters Danelle were sent, the king promised that if he was saved he would dedicate the rest of his life to the welfare of the religion and his subjects, the king received the last right, but then he miraculously recovered and is from this period. that his name um biami the much loved dates because the people were very happy that their young king had recovered from his illness, but Louie's new piety did not last long, as soon as he could he returned to his old ways and within a few months , Madame de Chateuru was back in her bed.

Louis the Beloved became even more popular in 1745. He was present on the battlefield when the French army crushed the Austrians and the British at the Battle of Fontenoy. France was the dominant power in Europe. Once again, just as it had been in the time of Louis XIV, it was the perfect time for Louis to meet the love of his life. He is hunting in the woods outside of Versailles and comes across this very beautiful and striking young woman in his carriage. She knows that her people have taken it They refer to her as the last piece of Louis XV's game Her name is Jean-Padour She was much more than a piece of the game In fact Madame de Pompadour is a woman quite well connected with one of the factions key at the heart of power she is part of a large financial cabal what everyone says is strikingly beautiful and her beauty is really the key to her initial success she uses her beauty she uses her considerable political acumen to establish herself at the heart of the power of the king The little queen is a foreigner when she was a child because when she was eight years old she had gone to see a fortune teller who had told her that the king of France would

fall

in love with her, so she and her family were absolutely convinced that this was her destiny. .

She sang, she danced, she had a beautiful voice, she was well read, a wonderful conversationalist, extremely charming. She a spiritually foreign woman. They really were very much in love and at first, in fact, for some years their relationship was sexually passionate. He found her very desirable, not so much, I think. because she was as sexy as the money sisters had been, but since she understood him very well, she knew how to amuse him, captivate him, enchant him, amuse him, foreigner, fortunately she herself said that physically she was a cold woman, in reality she did not get any pleasure from making love, she did not have the temperament to But he tried really hard, he put himself on all these kinds of ridiculous diets of, you know, egg yolks and red wine with gold flakes sprinkled on it to try to build himself up and increase the heat of his temper to satisfy Louis in bed. , but her maid Madandosi pointed out that she would rather commit suicide than please Louis by doing this and so she abandoned him.

She may have been a favorite of the king's lover, but most of the others. the inhabitants of Versailles were not impressed with her the courtyard she was a wise woman they could not forgive her for being middle class it was almost acceptable for a king to have relations with lower class prostitutes she had always been an aristocratic woman ignoring the snobs of the court pompodore He used all his charm and intelligence to promote the interests of his small group of friends and defeat his rivals. She was associated with a cabal, a cabalic court that constantly tried to promote the interests of this or that general, a kind of political baggage. that she brought her children are rarely interested in their father's new girlfriend and the same was true at Versailles, especially when Louie's many children saw him spend a fortune on her, they felt, rightly or wrongly, that Her presence somewhat demeaned her father as a consequence, of course, Louis, known as his madame mummy, Louis's children hated her, but her mother, the queen, was quite impressed that she was particularly kind to the queen, which that poor old Mariella Zinskaya was very grateful because until Madame de Pompadour arrived, no one had noticed her in In fact, the first time she was sent flowers was at the instigation of Madame de Pompadour and, although obviously the difference in their positions meant that they could never be friends, the queen was heard saying that if there was to be a mistress, it had better be so.

In this case, Luis was victorious in the war and was lucky in love, which caused him to become overconfident. In a grand personal gesture, he agreed to a peace agreement with Austria, one that returned most of the territory his generals had just won for him. His ministers thought so. It was a terrible idea and he told himself this explanation: the piece is not a very good piece for France because France gets absolutely nothing for it except huge debts for her participation in the war. The French public, having dispensed millions of Libra and lost countless dead men, could not. understand why their king was giving up his conquests as a result schoolboys and fishwives were said to be walking around Paris with a phrase you're as stupid as the piece just as Louie's popularity was beginning to wane, his love affair with Madame Pompadour was Also coming to an end, their solution was a private harim in the city of Versailles known as Deer Park when Louis XV and Madame de Pompadour stopped having a sexual relationship.

Louis XV didn't really want to replace her with another mistress they were getting along with. too well for that and henceforth his sexual appetite was catered for by a series of young women who were brought from Paris. Uneducated teenage nymphs often had no idea who their powerful lover was. Beautiful foreign virgin girls are brought in for your sexual gratification. but this becomes something much more salacious from the press at this time when things were going well. Louis was forgiven, even praised for indulging his royal lust, but after his hated peace treaty, people saw their king's behavior very differently, there is a kind of scoundrel press. effectively, what just amplifies this makes it an outright sexual divorce of the worst kind imaginable.

Deer Park obviously created rumors at the time that, according to them, it was the scene of these terrible orgies in which underage girls were sent en masse from Paris to Wiki. Louie on the 15th to enjoy and one of the worst things said was that Madame de Pompadour acted as some kind of pimp who would find girls for Louis and lure them to Deer Park, it couldn't have been less true Madame. De Pompadour knew this and accepted it as a necessity if one of them faced a deluge of criticism. Louis turned to the only person he could trust.

Ironically, Madame de Pompadour's influence actually increases as she stops sharing the king's bed in which she grew up. more important to him because she was his friend, she was one of the few people, almost the only person she could trust at court. You have to remember that the court is a place of intrigue, masks and pretensions, and no one tells the king the truth, so he really needed her, he needed her in his life as his friend as the main power agent in the game. Versailles became increasingly involved in government affairs Madame de Pompadour's excursion into politics is not something that would make a feminist proud um she was an intelligent woman but she didn't really understand politics, they very foolishly trusted her as intermediary with the Austrian ambassador and Madame de Pompadour was so proud to have been given this important role that she took it terribly seriously, she was very excited and completely manipulated by the foreign ambassador was unpopular, but her decision to allow Madame Pompadour securing a royal alliance with the old enemy was absolutely detested, he is certainly in favor of an alliance with Austria, so it is an absolute shock to the courtiers, many of whom have long-term relationships. loyalties and no doubt family connections to discover that France is now allied with a traditional enemy the criticism of Louis and the pompadour became even more outrageous and reached every corner of Versailles they would accuse her of sexual diseases they would accuse her of procuring young girls for the king they said whatever they wanted there were secret pamphlets secret poems extremely rude poems about his physique and his body the poems will be left in Versailles by court officials perhaps even foreign members of his family threatened to kill the king one of the most famous contained the phrase wake up or stir up, sons of reviac, which was a direct reference to the man who had murdered Henry IV in 1610, so for the first time we began to see references in these pamphlets to calls for um for the assassination of King Foreign, the episode piston alien where there is a rumor and there are riots that Louis Very episode Foreign diplomacy was supposed to bring peace to Europe, but instead in 1756 it joined its new ally Austria in a war against Great Britain and Prussia.

It started well, butMessengers soon arrived at Versailles with bad news from the front. As the tide of the war against the French turned, the Parisian public fell into the habit of dancing in the streets to celebrate their defeats and, in doing so, showed how much they hated the Austrian Alliance going well for Louis or France and the frustration public. with the King took a dangerous turn 87 Luis 15 goes towards his Carriage going down the stairs and a certain individual named Damia rushes to arrive thank you and then he feels blood and says that I have been beaten, that is the man who did it immediately immediately arrested tortured in the chancellor's feet, although Louis From what we can see, he appears to be a nobody, eh, he's a Lee Harvey Oswald figure, if you will, but what makes people suspicious is that he's not a nobody connected to someone quite important, he's worked as servant for several members. of the Parliament of Paris people are never quite sure whether he is not part of a kind of wave of hostility towards Louis XV.

Luis took this amateur attempt on his life very badly, although his doctors promised a full recovery, he was convinced that this was the end of him. A wound to the flesh is effectively the lightest of cuts, but it has a disproportionate effect on Louis XV. After this, he goes into a very deep depression because he feels that you know he has become instead of the much loved one, he has become the hated foreigner. There is nothing. important to be touched, but of course this is not how Louis A great deal of self-questioning was generated as hearing the grim details of the punishment planned for his would-be killer did nothing to improve Louie's mood.

He's going to pay for this very, very dearly and they won't just execute him. They're going to put it on. to death in the most horrible manner that can be devised by judicial cruelty is executed in the most extraordinarily bloody manner on the plastic in Paris so tied to the wheel and excess that the Executioner goes around breaking most of the bones in his body with an iron bar, they burn him with tongs and his flesh is knowingly torn from his body and it goes on and on and on, but in the end four horses are attached to each of his limbs and encouraged to gallop, as You know. in different directions, uh, tearing apart his body, well, they do it and it doesn't work, so the Executioner comes back and starts cutting various pieces so effectively that he can be torn to pieces.

Damian remains alive and conscious throughout much of this operation. He dies after four hours of absolute torment, which will upset people because of reports that Louis had nothing to do with the gruesome execution, but her accounts tarnished his reputation throughout Europe. He gives Lou XV's reign this incredibly gruesome kind of retrograde. uh, kind of a feeling, although his physical suffering was nothing compared to that suffered by Damio, Louie's mental stability was severely affected by the affair, his closest aides described him as a worried and depressed Vermonic who takes himself extremely Seriously being king, this is a great thing. and the only thing that was talked about at court for the next two years was this depression, this kind of melancholy streak towards uh uh Louis Called the Seven Years War in which the French were driven out of Canada, India and much of the Caribbean, the British, largely thanks to their Navy, were able to turn the tables on France.

France has really lost all pretensions of becoming a global superpower and is lost in England, basically, if the world speaks English today. is due in part to the outcome of the Seven Years' War in the 18th century it was a disaster for France it was a disaster for the French monarchy for a king whose best hope was to live up to the glory of his predecessor this was almost too much bearing my name is a strange thing for a king of France to do, which is sometimes forgotten that the lumetier was the conduct of foreign policy, now he really wasn't supposed to mess with things like the internal politics of the parliament that was not his. job, he was foreign policy and if you can't even get it right, you will be hated, badly shaken by the assassination attempt, and widely blamed for every new military disaster.

Louis hid in Versailles abroad. The Seven Years' War was undoubtedly the nadir of Louis He wasn't hunting, he was with the girls in the Deer Park Louis may have lost a war, but he was still the absolute ruler of France and when the criticism often became too much to bear, he came up with a suitably absolutist response: even the first encyclopedia in the French language, one of the great intellectual achievements of Unfortunately, the era went to the bonfire. Louis Louis was still close to Madame Pompadour who tried to change his mind one night at a dinner in Versailles, a duke said what gunpowder is made of and Madame de Pompro saw the moment and said it's true, we don't know what gunpowder is. , what a pity that your majesty and your wisdom have banned the encyclopedia, otherwise we could have searched the encyclopedia and found out what gunpowder is made of, so they sent for a copy of the ban encyclopedia which, of course, the king had it in his private library and they spent the rest of the night.

He read articles in the encyclopedia and of course he was very intrigued by this and this was supposed to be one of the reasons why he reinstated it. Getting Louis to rescind the ban on the encyclopedia was one of Madame Pompadour's last contributions to her life. in 1764 he contracted tuberculosis he moved from Versailles and I politely record that I think that when he saw the carriage leave Versailles he shed a tear so he is undoubtedly upset by the foreigner he cried because he had lost the person the world trusted most and He felt very alone without his death in 1764 being followed by the death of his son Dofa in 1765 and a couple of years later in 1768 the death of his queen Maria Lashinska, so this is the elimination of some very important people In his life abroad the death of these people close to him in the mid-1760s certainly has a great emotional impact on him.

The death of his closest confidant began the worst period of Louie's life. He spent days lost in introspection or deeply in In discussions with foreign philosophers and astronomers it can be seen that he had a clear tendency towards some type of depression for the rest of his life he remains withdrawn somewhat depressed and obsessed with death, the body comes to make the party of the spirit just as were his courtiers. Almost losing hope for Louis, he regained his lust for life, the reason being a new lover almost 40 years younger than him. I'm quite fond of Madame du Berry, she was as beautiful as an angel and as stupid as a basket, but she made Louis very happy, she was absolutely beautiful, I mean, all of the king's mistresses were always described as stunning, but I think she was who she really was, she was fabulously sexy, foreign, I guess she was kind of the 18th century version of cake with a heart. an instant effect on the Aged King he couldn't think of anything but her she was extremely beautiful she was supposed to look like some kind of rakish angel not too bright but very funny foreigner me he is a 60 year old man at the moment and she has been a kept woman, I wouldn't necessarily say she was a prostitute, but she certainly learned to think or two in the long periods she spent with a certain number of particular individuals, but in and I think Louis XV is delighted with the various Tricks she has learned keep him young and are therefore very good for his mental health.

We could say that Madame Dubari may have parked the Aged Louis, but that didn't make her more popular. She absolutely hated her. Everyone hated her. The Parisians hated her. because she was not an aristocrat, the aristocrats hated her because she was actually little better than a street prostitute, but the king adored her and made her laugh very happily. Louis The dignity of a king to have these types of relationships there is no doubt that Louis XV was someone who was seen as increasingly dissolute and even degenerate and who simply did not live up to the standards expected of a man who was king. . people said about him the new relationship gave Louis the confidence to embark on a great project to give his new heir the future Louis XVI the biggest wedding of the century the young Louis was to marry Marie Antoinette of Austria and Louis wanted him The ceremony will take place in a new theater within Versailles, a project abandoned years before by Louis XIV.

Louis To affirm the splendor and power of the monarchy, the politicians complained about the overwhelming cost of the royal wedding, but Louis continued to spend foreign money for them, at other times he is very repressive against them, but in 1770 he decides to address the problem of a different way. The way he basically tries to abolish Palomar Louie's decision to eliminate the only organization in France that could challenge him for authority was a blatant abuse of royal power, fines, so this is a coup in the sense of That one of the things that is absolutely key to the French monarchy's self-image is that it is a legitimate absolute monarchy that rules by law, so abolishing the courts themselves is a very powerful signal and a very flagrant act of foreign royal despotism that Louis believed it to be. acting in the best interests of France, whose obsolete legal system hindered progress, suppose they have foreigners, so he introduced comprehensive reforms, for example, a free Justice, and the judges themselves would now be appointed by the crown for life and already They would not buy his position as judge as had been the case before, so for many, including Voltaire, this was seen as an enlightened reform, unfortunately for Louis XV by silencing parliament, the king unleashed opposition on a scale not known. had seen for generations. too late for Louis to interpret the reforming years of erotic self-indulgence along with failed wars and failed diplomacy that had cemented his subject's opinion of him as a bad king and a bad man.

Louis XV towards the end of his reign is sunk in vice and the people. of Paris and the courtiers are well aware that he has somehow taken the path of personal pleasure and has not been a very successful king, his reforms are failing. He has a mistress who, frankly, is not of court rank and is simply not real. To make matters worse, on Easter Sunday 1774, Abbeville, the most eloquent sermon at the court of Louis XV, delivered this devastating sermon. This is really scandalous. It is such a direct attack on the king's morality that it has never been seen at court.

See you. The Minister of Water, who is Louis XV himself, must be intensely mortified by the fact that he is unloved, that he faces opposition at court, and by the fact that he is so isolated within his own courtly environment. if Abe had the intention of hurting Luis. He could not have expected what happened after this humiliating reprimand from Abbeville at Easter. Louis XV Falls. No one knows what's wrong with him and it takes the doctors gathered around him several days to figure out what's happening. They bleed him, which can only weaken him. It comes to mind and suddenly one of the doctors sees familiar spots and realizes that he has smallpox.

It is an unexpected bolt of lightning. Small parks in the 18th century are still an absolutely fatal disease. It had a particularly unpleasant shape. which was the black variety that changed the entire color of the face to a kind of dark copper mask and thus became completely disfigured even when approaching death. Louie's enemies spread stories about his sex life. It was suggested that he may have contracted smallpox. a prostitute, but the whole idea of ​​a corrupt body in that of a corrupt King was very resonant and this was thought to be an appropriate punishment. The external and visible sign of an invisible internal damnation riddles his body and produces a horrible stench as his organs begin to decompose.

Underneath everything he is very devout and goes into ultra devout mode. He expels Madame Dubai from court in the same way she dismissed the dishes in 1744 at Matt's tea, once she left it was possible for himreceive the last rites of the church and in his last hours he made a great effort I think he died as a Christian I miss you foreigner in fact he faced it the last days with considerable courage he is dying like a good Christian like a good king dying in fact like Louis XIV foreign wine no one seemed to care when he actually dies you can hear a stampede almost the thunder of running feet as everyone leaves the empty chamber where the death of every king lies you have to have an autopsy and the king's doctor offers this to those ceremonial officials and they don't want to know anything, they turn their backs on him and run pretty fast holding their nose as they do so and the king is sealed with an iron. coffin once the news of his death broke there was a great celebration there was a general sense of relief that the man who was once Louis the beloved was gone the population had simply lost all hope or confidence in their King and in fact I think it's fair to say that they had stopped loving their king.

It has been argued that the monarchy could never recover from the damage engendered by Louis XV. He had dragged her into such disrepute that there was no recovery. The enduring memory of Louis XV is. a man morally corrupt and unable to rise above his melancholy to any kind of greatness. He is the least Grand of the French monarchs. Surely for more than a century the Palace of Versailles was the home of the most powerful family in Europe. A place of art. Breeze splendid entertainment mission of love affairs, fair and scandalous scandals, but while a lucky few danced, partied and flirted their days, the state was on the verge of

collapse

outside these golden doors, millions of ordinary people paid taxes until the limit, while rich nobles paid practically nothing.

A new King Louis XVI and his beautiful young Queen Marie Antoinette faced the greatest challenge in the history of their illustrious family: bring justice to the system and hope to their subjects or face the loss of their palace, their crowns and their heads in 1775 Versailles. celebrated the coronation of a new king and queen Louis The public had high hopes, he is young, he has a beautiful wife. so there is a lot to expect from this new and hopefully glorious reign of Louis XVI Louis XVI wants to rule in style he wants to be an absolute monarch he wants to live up to the style of Louis the great Louis XIV but, curiously, also some once govern in a way that is popular be truly popular Luis knew that he had to govern in the interests of all his people and not just those with whom he had grown up foreigner has ambitions to be a just and philanthropic monarch whom Luis himself calls the Philanthropist, in fact, one of his first decisions was so modern that it terrified his courtiers.

He had his entire family vaccinated against smallpox using an experimental and very dangerous procedure, something that, as you know, made people's hair stand on end at that time. I thought, oh, what will happen if he dies? And I think that's how the king took the initiative. He showed that he could lead the times and move with the times and that was a promising start to the rain. Louis and Marie Antoinette seemed happy. and relaxed in public, but behind the smiles there was a problem with the royal marriage, a big one, the marriage was in some ways a disaster, saying that the goal of the marriage was to produce heirs who would combine the blood of the Austrian royal family and the French royal family well, that wasn't going to happen because poor Louis XVI simply couldn't, wouldn't or didn't try to consummate the marriage, a king and queen, sex life or lack of one was a major state matter, so It didn't take long for news of Louie's failures in the bedroom to spread far and wide.

It is such a shameful situation where all the courtiers were hanging around the bridal chamber. I mean, it's inconceivable to us that they would be allowed to do that and something like that. he more or less said how it went sir and nothing happened and he didn't consummate it for a long time precisely what was happening behind the bedroom door baffled the courtiers and divides historians to this day during the first seven years of the marriage. There is clearly a sexual problem and certainly that either the couple does not have sexual relations or they do not have enough sex or they are not sufficiently educated in sexual matters to actually produce pregnancies and children.

Given the legendary sexual exploits of Louis XIV and XV, it is difficult to believe that the number 16 was so innocent it seems extraordinary, but he wouldn't have known how to do it, um, but apparently he didn't know, but some believe that it wasn't ignorance that prevented Louis from fulfilling his royal duty, it was illness a rare medical condition called formosis which meant that making love was more pain than pleasure. It is possible that Louis XVI had a malformation that needed to be corrected by minor surgery before he could have full sexual relations, and a circumcision operation was discussed on several occasions. correct this, but in fact it was discovered that this was not the case, fortunately we have his hunting diary and I went to the best experts on the subject of phimosis, which is what I would have done to him if he needed an operation and they assured me when I showed it. them the hunting diary that no one who had been operated on for reasons without anesthesia could have gone hunting day after day without going into details is unthinkable while Louis struggled to father a child with Marie Antoinette, he also had to address the problem that had ruined the last years of the reign of Louis He had memories of the terrible famines that had killed millions of people at the end of the reign of Louis XIV.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs, who has a particular sense of the importance of land wealth and the need to tax its security, the infamous Chilgo, attempted to teach the king and his ministers some lessons about life abroad. of Versailles, like the price of bread. Louis was interested in others, not so much abroad, with modernizing and adventurous policies, so this is a modern and forward-thinking king who would hope to reform France and help France regain its status in the world as well as the main European power Louie's enthusiasm for reform was not shared by the majority of his courtiers the palace was full of powerful land-owning aristocrats many of them would lose their own relatives if Turgo's reforms were carried out they would have to pay taxes like everyone else the others for the first time in their lives and they didn't like the idea at all.

Versa is becoming an increasingly isolated small world. The nobles who live uselessly spending money depending on court pensions are completely oblivious to the political problems in France, certain taxes were not paid by the nobility, in particular the tie tax, simply no one paid it, now Louis XVI thought that this was wrong and he aimed to end this abroad. Its members, like the majority of Luis's own governing council, were outraged by his ideas. Opposition to Turgo's reforms came from within the council. Very conservative men who felt that the sort of things Turgo proposed threatened the traditional structure of society in which nobles and clergy had a privileged position in relation to the rest of society and had, so to speak, stirred up the hornet's nest. of vested interests.

Queen Marie Antoinette loved to dance and gamble in the most elegant Parisian salons, where she listened to all the gossip against Turkoff. He is a foreigner. One of the most powerful opponents of the reform was the king's own brother, the Con de Provence, known at court simply as the masseuse to whom he clung. the traditional order of French society, three estates under the king, the clergy, the nobility and the rest, and only the rest paying taxes, the gossip in Paris, combined with the strong vocal opposition within Versailles, began to undermine the faith of Louie in Togo and the reform that Louis XVI should not have made.

We know which way to go because economists are divided and fundamentally the question is the French State and whether it will survive the very momentous decisions that a young man must make. At first it looked like he was going to stand his ground, but his confidence was undermined. Louis XVI was unwilling to support him in The Bitter End despite his promises of support. Louis finally fired the man he had recruited to save the French economy. It is said that he said that Monsieur Turgo wants to be me, I don't want to. he was me and for that reason the minister was explicitly disgraced abroad weak and indecisive look labels that would stick but Louis had something to celebrate after eight years of marriage, he and Marie Antoinette finally managed to start a family, first a daughter and then an heir to the throne the birth of her second son the Dover was enormously important she had a son she had done her Duty and that was tremendously important and she boasted about her and the King was very happy great celebrations it was seen as a miracle this little the baby was really seen as a savior he was the child who was going to save France the bells rang in Paris the fountains flowed wine the today almost sung I mean nothing was denied foreigner foreigner Louis enjoyed being a father and for a while he began to He enjoyed being king, but the responsibilities of government weighed on him every day, especially the urgent need to fill the national treasury.

Louie's next attempt to do so came to Versailles in the form of Jacquesnecker, one of the richest men in Europe, an enormously wealthy Geneva banker. Francisco, who you know has financial problems, finds it tremendously advantageous because it means that he puts his personal credit for the benefit of the State, which at first he sees as a kind of Miracle Man, because by establishing financial trust, the State can make the old enemy grow. of France abroad. England was fighting an armed rebellion in its American colonies, a rebellion that Louis wanted to support. France since the defeats of the Seven Years' War had been desperate to get revenge on England.

Louis XVI would like nothing more than to attack the old enemy, but on the other hand, if they do, the problem is that they do not support the insurgents and, in fact, the insurgents, many of whom were republicans and declared themselves Republicans, so it's difficult and to begin with, they take a kind of middle path, they approved the aid, but insisted that it was all done in secret using a certain amount of covert weapons and weapons are sent to help Americans fight against the British attempt to reconquer the rebellious colonies. All this aid to the United States cost the French government a fortune, money that it simply did not cost it.

Did Louis turn to his new Finance Minister? Additionally, he arranged emergency loans from banking friends of his. The world's first Democratic Revolution was being financed by one of the least democratic nations in Europe, a fact that worried Louis himself. Louis's foreign investment in the American Revolution seemed to pay off. When the rebels won their first major victory at the Battle of Saratoga, he decided the time had come to publicly support the United States and go to war with Britain. He threw a big party at Versailles to welcome one of the men who wrote the American Declaration of Independence.

Franklin and the nobles at Versailles did not care that Franklin was a democrat who did not believe in the rule of kings and princes. What attracted them was the opportunity to overthrow a country they hated so much they wore its image on their butts. I love Franklin um because he was sued like they were dressed up as shepherds. He dressed up as a fur trapper. Memes when Benjamin Franklin arrived in France. He was an absolute celebrity. There was some kind of real frenzy. As everyone wants to be seen with the big foreign man he had already gone deep into debt and was now struggling to control real spending, war is becoming more expensive and the French political system is not prepared to tax the people which is better able to pay them, so the fundamental problem of the French State is how to tax the foreign rich, after several years in government it had practically exhausted the possibility of getting into debt, it was aware that it was necessary to increase taxes, published gratification schemes to get rid of the unnecessary but lucrative jobs that courtiers at Versailles enjoyed, but even the suggestion of reigning in the Privileges of Nobles triggered a familiar argument.

Pepsi Louis promised to back Necker to the end, just as he had done with the turgidity of his alien foreign position to Be Strong This Time, but he once again began to hesitate. The foreigner was not a decisive man by nature. He was a mandecent. His ministers controlled him more than previous kings, but then he faced a different situation despite the advice of his wife. decided that NECA had to go the second attempt to confront the French nobility had ended just like the first in a complete failure abroad when the British finally stopped fighting in America and recognized the independence of the new country it seemed that Louis had achieved a famous victory but Even as Versailles celebrated, its courtiers whispered that France was not getting what it expected from a war it had financed with borrowed money.

Louis had hoped for an economic boost from the war, but the Americans had other ideas with which they preferred to continue trading. England, so France ended up spending an enormous amount of money on a war from which it gained very little tangible benefit. He says the first shot will bankrupt the state. Well, he's wrong, but he's only wrong for a few years because of the impact of that. The war against French finances is absolutely terrible. The foreign successor was Charles Alexandra de Calon, who proposed a new idea. He told Louis that to boost the French economy she should spend even more abroad.

These very serious problems. The financial problems of the state. To the breaking point. Marie Antoinette had given the French people an heir to the throne, but as an Austrian outsider she had never been very popular. Now, as the financial crisis deepened, the common people came to see her not as their queen but as a symbol of the selfishness of the aristocratic elite. . She is a truism. In history, when there is economic stress people look for someone to blame and it was very easy to blame the Austrian lyricist who had an extravagant court and the country people were dying of hunger and she gave parties and gave dances, so that's What really caused the biggest decline in her reputation, there is a stream of lewd pamphlets appearing about Marie Antoinette in the 1770s and 1780s, the sort of thing that would say that she had a very wild sex life, frustrated in her relationships with the King.

She has sex with her brothers She is the new Messalina She is the new type of sexually wild person I have called and this is dragging the monarchy down Too strange was that Marie Antoinette had an affair with Carlo, who was the allmana of the court and then he died venereal diseases to every woman in the court that's the kind of thing that happened it was very disgusting the more disgusting the better they make anything people can endure nowadays seem absolutely mild they are so disgusting that they are really lascivious with details and illustrations. one of the points that Los Sábados made in their pamphlets was that Marie Antoinette was fighting with her brother-in-law, la comp datoire, you know, you take a story as if she was fighting with her brother-in-law and then how do you prove that she wasn't? , that was the problem, so everyone liked to believe it.

King, who is a very nice man, was very upset about it. Louis himself was also a victim of foreign pamphleteers for everything he read. Louis assumed that the entire country now despised him. but a visit to Normandy to inspect a new port brought a pleasant surprise for the rest of his career. He practically never leaves the area around Paris. It's almost the only time he sees the rest of the country from him and what he shows is that he is incredibly. popular there is a kind of popularity that he does not suspect at all and ends up even cheering and applauding with emotion, he was greatly applauded in Normandy and it is said that when he returned to Versailles he said: I know I am getting closer to Versailles because the chairs are much weaker as soon as he returned to his court Louis faced another crisis Finance Minister Kalon decided that his spend spend spend formula had been wrong after all now he called for cuts and new taxes for the nobility the same advice as his unfortunate predecessors had given and, indeed, the nobles organized themselves to resist the taxes again. 87 and 1788 will be characterized by a state that is desperate for financial reform to get out of the bankruptcy situation that confronts it face to face.

He believed that Kalon's medicine could save France, but he doubted that the patient would ever be prepared to swallow it. It is and will be absolutely vital that Louis XVI, for once in his life, goes ahead and supports his minister to ensure that these plans are carried out. accepted because there is no foreign plan B the Assembly of notables included all the most powerful figures in Louis' kingdom, they had the authority to see Kalon's reforms become the law of the land. They will be presented with Collins' reforms, they will give them their support. thus showing an almost national degree of support and the king would continue.

Happily, of course, it does not happen that the Assembly of Notables turns into an absolute bear garden, an absolute dogfight, what Kalam was doing was asking an assembly of privileged people to vote to eliminate their own privileges, in In other words, asking turkeys to vote early for Christmas, and therefore they inevitably rejected it. King realizes that Kalon has failed to persuade the political elite to follow his path. If he is fired, the ideas he proposes are withdrawn. It's a pretty absolute disaster. Kalon was the third finance minister to fall from grace after trying to make the rich pay more taxes and the third. whom Louis had supported only to say goodbye Caught between economic disaster and the relentless opponents of change around him the king could not More suffered a mental breakdown stumbling around his Palace rambling about the visions that tormented him surely oh my God just like his Grandfather Lou XV was subject to melancholy and depression.

Louis XVI seems to enter a period of really quite deep depression. The failure of the Assembly of notables seems to have affected Louis XVI so badly that they thought he was incapable of managing the court and handling the political situation in the way he has to as king because he is at the pinnacle of a system that is in crisis. In some respects from this moment he lost control, this was a key moment in which his ability to truly be a king and dominate the political agenda was called into question Momo this foreign video exhibits the qualities that have passed for the Luis of History you know tearful luxurious dependent on Mario Antoinette kindly indecisive all that and there are lapses of reason that are very unfortunate for The people who have to be with him in the foreign state barely got better when someone sneaked into his private room and left him a gift no desired: a portrait of the execution of King Charles I of England.

Louis XVI was dominated by the life of Charles I, who was his direct ancestor. He knew little by little, line by line, what happened to Charles, so people were able to scare him by moving a portrait of the king to his private apartments, but Luis, you had a kind of mechanical mind, he said, if I avoid the mistakes that Carlos made I won't be executed. He said that Carlos was executed because he imposed war on his own subjects. I'm not going to do that. Luis regained his composure and tried one last time to change the way his kingdom was taxed and governed, he called an unprecedented meeting of the three Estates, the nobility, the clergy and the Third Estate representing the mass of the Common People.

I miss you in August 1788, The treasury was empty, the government was forced to convene the States General, it really was a last shot. of a die, despite their enormous numerical superiority, the votes of the Third Estate only count the same as those of the nobility and the clergy, there will always be a situation in which the two votes of the so-called privileged orders, that is, the nobility and the clergy, represent perhaps less than half a million people will always outweigh the wishes of the 27 and a half million people of the Third Estate, so you immediately reach a political deadlock as soon as the Estate General meets and break that deadlock.

It will be what happens in the summer of 1789 and that triggers the revolution, a difficult time made even worse for Louis and Marie Antoinette with the death of their eldest son, the young heir to the throne, it is quite a psychological shock, in fact, The king receives an enormous amount of support from the nobility psychologically bringing the king and his nobility closer together in a way that was a crucial moment. Louie's sudden change of sympathy towards the nobles meant that his enemies, the representatives of the Third Estate, decided that he would never help them. King finds it increasingly difficult to distance himself from his Nobles and their interests, that is the world he moves in, this is Versailles, it is all about being surrounded by Nobles, he has almost never met his own subjects outside of that. context, so he is leaning towards supporting the nobles and Marie Antoinette is certainly leaning towards them with the negotiations in the States General still hopelessly stalled the Third Estate sent a group to Versailles to ask for Louie's help abroad he refused to meet with them was the last straw.

The Third Estate takes matters into its own hands and declares itself a National Assembly and this is absolutely critical because it is the first time in modern European history that a representative body has claimed power in the state based on the democratic principle that it represents 80 percent of the French people who were. a genuinely radical revolutionary moment because they said they were not going to disperse until France had received an illegal constitution that would hand American citizens over to the crumbling structure of the old States General. Louis XVI finally decided that he would resort to force as a result, he began calling in troops and gathering troops around Paris.

The whole thing was a disaster. Parisians panicked over rapidly rising food prices. They decided to defend themselves, as a result, they attacked the Bastille to get foreign gunpowder. Louis woke up in the middle of the night with the news that his people had finally taken up arms against the authorities. Louis XVI had a choice, he could have tried to confront the people of Paris and the National Assembly by force of arms, in In other words, he could have risked a Civil War. If there is one thing that is clear about Louis XVI it is that he refused to take that path, he would not fight or raise his standard against his own people, he knew his English history, he knew what had happened to Charles I, he had no intention to do so.

To repeat, Louis may not have wanted to go to war with his own people, but many of them now wanted to go to war with him. Three months after the fall of the Bastille, a group of angry Parisians marched on Versailles itself, the rioters vowed to kill the one person they blamed for all their problems, the symbol of the hated rich Marie Antoinette. There is no doubt that some elements of this Crown had very bloodthirsty thoughts in their mind Marie Antoinette has become a figure of absolute hatred for the population of Paris at this point Mario Torres was the main target because he has been one for many years and the person was considered to be really She was giving bad advice to Louis XVI, who had been at the source of the fiscal crisis due to his lavish spending, one of the reasons the crowd hated Marie Antoinette.

It was because of a phrase that he was said to have uttered when he was told that the poor had no bread. Kilmourge De La Brioche let them eat cake. Marie Antoinette never said she let them eat cake and she never could have said it. She was raised in the philanthropic court. from Austria, where their mother Maria Theresa told them to go around giving soup and bread to the women of Oat in the farmers' huts and it was inconceivable that she would have given them the brioche because she was much more like the late Princess Diana, you know that I would have acted. a gesture like that could never have been said, whoever said what or when the revolutionaries were out for the Queen's blood and soon they were breaking down the doors of the palace, they broke it down early in the morning and tried to claim uh in Marian's room.

Antoinette, one of her bodyguard, is murdered defending the entrance to her chamber in the palace and is massacred at that moment. Marie Antoinette only escapes by a quick exit to the king's chamber. It is a very, very dangerous moment for the royal family, there was no doubt that they must have been terrified and the king and queen and their children come out on the balcony to show themselves in a way to show that they are prisoners and not fleeing, strange moment for the king the queen and her children because the crowd is fearsome. They are not used to coming into contact with people like that.

The entire royal family surrendered to the revolutionary crowd and agreed to be taken prisoners to Paris. None of them would see Versailles again. They took them back like the baker. The baker's wife. and the baker's son in reference to the grain and bread crisis that had triggered this, but it is fair to say that after 6 October, the king and the royal family were prisoners of the revolution that Louis had unsuccessfully attempted to change. kingdom, now I would. Paying the price that both he and Marie Antoinette would die under the sword of the guillotine for over a hundred years, Versailles represented the power and prestige of the dynasty.Bourbon, but also represented a society that was fundamentally unjust and corrupt, romantic but regally divorced and brilliant. but grotesquely unequal, magnificent but profoundly immoral, a society whose time had run out