Juego sin límites - La mentira del libre comercio | DW Documental

Free trade puts millions of tons of goods in motion, thereby bringing a lot of well-being to the world. Until then, everything is good. Protectionism and isolation are considered evil. Donald Trump imposes punitive tariffs on steel imports. Europeans and China respond with threats. It exploded. the trade war I want us to introduce all tariffs also to the importers who deceive us they are scammers this report tries to show how they deceive with free trade and what our role is in all this Germany cannot expect the rest of the world to buy from us Just as we refrain from buying foreign products, the fight for free trade is full of paradoxes, while Germans like to see ourselves as champions of exports, free trade destroys many economies among us and outside it is David against Goliath but in reverse. in this game goliath wins and the european union - it is goliath who are the real winners is free trade as free as they say port of hamburg from here germany exports goods to the whole world and receives 9 million containers a year most of them from china hamburg It is the European gateway for products from the Far East, everything that enters the European Union is inspected, cars from Asia or the United States are taxed at 10%, clothing is taxed at 12%, smartphones are taxed at 12%, however, the tariff system is very complicated, there are thousands of so-called tariff lines with numerous variants 'gavilán' it is snowed hoffman of the central tariff office controls them and checks that the goods have been correctly declared since there are countless legal loopholes it is registered as a micro fabric dryer coat for an animal a pet exactly as if it were polyester exactly it seems that it should be for a dog because of the size it has it is made in china and there are different sizes it seems for a medium sized dog check if this dog blanket has leather parts in that case I would pay less cups 100% polyester, that is, at this moment I would have to pay 12 percent and as a leather product I would have saved 27 percent.

They themselves do not know why the tax changes so much on things in the European Union. They only control the containers. I carry many years in the port of Hamburg and there is no feeling that Germany is the export champion, the majority of products are from China, there they know how to do everything, the question is who benefits the tariffs apart from the state, I suppose they are there to protect the economy. Nationally, it will be true what this customs employee tells us that this is how the national industry is protected in a globalized world. We are in Heat Burghausen in the German state of Thuringia.

The renowned bicycle brand Media Centurion from Volcano Reina has its headquarters here. It was previously one of the best cross-country cyclists and he was the one who brought the mountain bike to Germany. The mountain bike today is still a successful conventional or electric businessman. His bicycles sell very well but where are they manufactured? This is a bicycle made in Germany. No, it is not. made in germany but it is german yes german is where the frame comes from for example the frame comes from china like so many things they paint it and assemble it in taiwan and here we control it a bicycle designed in germany assembled in taiwan with a chinese frame this bicycle pays 15% to enter the European Union but if it came to Germany directly from a Chinese factory the importer would have to pay a customs surcharge of 48.5% because because the Chinese manufacture much cheaper than us the physical company proudly presents itself in this corporate video as the largest bicycle factory the Chinese state subsidizes such companies but not only for this reason the Chinese factory is so cheap if it would not have the capacity to flood the world market with 100 million bicycles each year a nightmare for manufacturers like golf kan reigns the tariff that The European Union imposes protects because the European industry has to have a bit of protectionism from time to time if the accounts don't work out it's about trade having fair rules we also see it in other sectors where states subsidize only some and The other manufacturers have no chance because they swallowed the market.

It's about employment in Europe, it's about employment and fair play. Of course, this customs surcharge causes an increase in the cost of Chinese bicycles in Germany. It can be seen as a barrier to imports but also as protectionism without further ado, that's why the Chinese paintings end up in Taiwan so they don't have to pay the positive tariff in Germany, only these paintings end up, which employs more than 100,000 employees in Europe, Volcano Reina is happy that this tariff keeps out the competition. china but also knows all the tricks of the international bicycle business in the trade war anything goes when the european union imposed this punitive tariff on china suddenly bicycles began arriving from cambodia malaysia indonesia and other countries when it became clear that these were bicycles The Chinese imposed tariffs on all those countries.

Now Tunisia began to export and also received its tariff surcharge. The Chinese industry tries by all means. Now what comes out of China is mainly pieces. The paintings end up somewhere else, for example, Taiwan, there it is. where it gains value because it stops paying the punitive tariff of the European Union what happens when the bicycle sector is not protected with tariffs we can see it in the US before in Philadelphia Brian Kate who sold only the country's brands manufactured in the US but does years that everything changed and some other brand resisted but the origin is always the same they fan me no matter which manufacturer is canon from the special life to the luxury range all the bicycles are produced in China comment not without the protectionism that they have in Europe a We were flooded with Chinese bicycles, a ruling that Chinese price dumping has destroyed many jobs in the United States, precisely in Pennsylvania where so many bicycles were manufactured, it is not to their liking to encourage the dismantling of the country's industry by selling Chinese bicycles, but can do we live three this I have two stores and I have to be able to offer my customers bicycles with gear changes for under 400 dollars or a normal bicycle for under 300 and thank goodness I can do it President Donald Trump has threatened many punitive tariffs but not for bicycles brian kidd week does not look favorably on protectionism but with bicycles it could have been useful depends on the perspective the people whose jobs were taken to china or taiwan will probably see it differently than the workers who did not have been affected, however, it is stated that free trade benefits not only everyone, but also that Germany is responsible for the problems of the United States, says Professor Heribert, and his students are often taught that Germany's title as champion in exports has its tricks.

German products not only sell a lot because they are excellent but also because in Germany salaries rise very moderately and the weakness of the euro makes merchandise cheaper. That is what annoys Donald Trump and not without reason, German surplus value means deficits for other countries. Germany expects the rest of the world to go into debt with Germany but at the same time criticizes them when their debts are too high, which is nonsense from beginning to end. The fact is that global trade is a lucrative business, especially for the Germans. In the past we exported products worth more than 12 billion euros.

Germany, the European Union and China exported more than they imported. Germany records a surplus of 250 billion euros while the United States records negative 500 billion. They import much more than they sell and They go into debt to buy our products. This is not good for the US. The losses of some become profits for others. We are in Bavaria, in the south of Germany. Manfred Timi works at the Shiffler consortium, a company that exports a lot to the US. He earns well and You can afford certain luxuries as well as products that global free trade makes available to you.

Your family economy reflects, like so many others, free trade. Let's look at where the things in your living room come from. There is something really made in Germany. Very little if we take out everything that is not made. in germany we were left with nothing and so it is nothing made in germany except the old sewing machine second attempt we looked in her wardrobe made in turkey made in bangladesh designed in germany made in china and in the pantry we found of course food from all over the world the The speed with which one can become a loser in this game without borders is not unknown to this family.

The father was on the verge of losing his job because they took production abroad. The struggle of the workers of the Jeffrey company was echoed throughout the country manfred his mind and his colleagues gave up part of their salary for years to save their jobs but it was of no use for ten years we worked for free five hours a week and now they come and overnight they tell us We closed the factory, it was a total shock for everyone because we thought that those five free hours a week would be good money for the company.

It is the other side of globalization. Luckily, Smith received another job in Saint Fleur in another of its factories. frida now it's all peace and joy we have won we earn a good salary in the industrial sector but we had to move and close factories we were lucky to be given a job in swinford because if I had been in another company and they had fired us we would be among the losers the Manufacturing is carried out where it is cheapest and this also applies to the Smith family bicycles. The brands are German but we know where the bicycles or at least their frames really come from.

Low-cost production in China eliminated hundreds of thousands of jobs. In the US we are in Philadelphia the city flourishes but in the towns jobs disappear and with it the factories just like in the rest of the country to parker and her neighbor their to my fans who are not losers of globalization nor trump sympathizers but these two mothers make purchases under one managed to buy national products buy american with this motto sara became popular from her website on the love list recommendations are given to replace foreign offers with products from the country everything to maintain jobs let's see an American flag it's incredible How often is it not made in the USA?

If it is really made here, I think it is good that the place of origin is clearly shown. People want to know what is produced in some small town in who knows where, but looking at the label I know that I am supporting the company. people who manufactured it and Sara witnessed how jobs were relocated to Mexico, factories closed, entire regions were depopulated, something had to be done when I finished my studies, Chevrolet was being sold when I returned after a few years, the dealership no longer existed, it was abandoned. grass grew in every corner people feel pride when they work and produce something I think we have lost that pride the products of globalized trade hide their origin and since it seems normal to us it does not bother us but it should bother us they recommend us and the manufacturers do not have to report Where they produce, I think they should only do so with food and automobiles.

We would be happy if they at least informed us of something. Your Volvo, a small slip. This Swedish manufacturer confesses that it now belongs to a Chinese consortium. She tries by all means to supply everything she needs with products. Americans but it doesn't work at all I'm not sure but I think this food processor is made in Ohio the faucet is made in Korea and this comes from China there are no toasters made in the USA an initiative that seems more nationalist than it really is At least that's what Sara herself says and nationalists would be if we bought exclusively American products but we have a gigantic assortment even of recycled products that come from here as consumers we make decisions according to our lifestyle I'm glad to be able to have this assortment for me it's any less nationalist thing for my list lux mastercard but what would happen if we only bought national products if the borders were closed and protectionism prevailed let's look back at the beginning of the 20th century world trade and globalization were in their first phase of apogee then came the fall The United States collapsed in the Great Depression and Germany suffered a serious economic crisis.

Isolation was the currency. The United States committed itself to strict protectionism. It raised tariffs drastically to protect its industry and its jobs. The Germans did the same. Nationalism and protectionism were mixed in a dangerous cocktail. The result of the Second World War, we witnessed a catastrophic development of world trade that contracted by a third after four years, today we cannot imagine it when today global trade contracts by 5 percent, it was already called a terrible crisis at that time. The setback was drastic and very dramatic and this development can be attributed to the protectionist policy of the United States.

Projects prepared by the boy from this family to solve something like this should not happen again. Until today, the World Trade Organization based in Geneva regulates the free trade well-being for all with free trade is its promise, something that has never worked, quite the opposite, the world trade organization receives a lot of criticism and Donald Trump rather ignores it, the threat of a new protectionist spiral looms again or do we have to read better the small print in thefederated state of baden-württemberg the group I am the factory tiles of all kinds the business flourishes because a lot is being built but its manager peter wilson has to deal with a serious competitor china chinese tiles are much cheaper that's why the european union imposed on them a customs surcharge 26 3% tax on imports from the Far East a protection for local employment without this tariff our bathrooms and floors would be tiled with Chinese material in the current situation it seems justified to me our starting point in commercial competition this is the same We know that Chinese manufacturers have plenty of capacity to achieve very low international prices.

That makes us lose competitiveness. Under these conditions, we would not be able to compete. Punitive tariff on tiles. Pure and simple protectionism, but it saves jobs and helps achieve better production and sustainability standards. that China and we produce in Germany we submit to all the important laws of Germany we also control all environmental aspects better, this is not the case when the products come from abroad, to this is added the relationship between weight and value, it makes sense to transport such products from so far away nexotrans pocket without this tariff surcharge German and European tiles would have no chance against Chinese products without this protectionism they would stop selling not only German tiles in total the European Union imposed 53 punitive tariffs on Chinese products such as steel, ceramics or even ironing boards this antidumping tariff has the approval of the world trade organization protectionism flourishes and saves our jobs but these tariffs that the European Union allows itself are not granted to other countries cameroon mom vale on the way to a plantation in the jungle She is the head of a cooperative in the north of Yaoundé, every day one hour to go, another hour to return, there are no roads.

Last year, they harvested more than two tons of onions. Mama Vale's cooperative sold the onions in the market in the distant city and was able to give sustenance for the entire town for us the onion is a medicine for example against gastrointestinal diseases or as an antiseptic we also make our sauces with onions without onions in Cameroon cannot live an increase in sleep now the women of the town planted cassava but they do not do it voluntarily. Planting onions has stopped since the European onion devastated the market. Cameron should raise its tariffs but it cannot because the new economic association agreement, the PP, prohibits it.

Our onions went from here to down the river and we could no longer reach that side. sell our harvest because of the gigantic imports and we had to leave it without onions, there is no food, this African country consumes hundreds of thousands of tons a year until recently, only local onions, the women of the cooperative still prepare dinner like every day There are some of their own onions left that serve as food and ensure their livelihood in the countryside. No value 50 km to the south in the markets of the metropolis of Yaoundé. The national onions are disappearing every morning.

Many trucks loaded with onions arrive here. The majority come from Holland. They are distinguished by the red nets, Mom Vale has dressed up and visits where for the onions she meets with Ivonne Taca, director of an agency that investigates the effects of free trade on the population. Dutch onions cost a third of the local ones, such as Taking into account the tariff that raises the price by 30%, the question of the issue of onions is already serious enough for farmers, but also the garlic from China is flooding this fertile country. We have no choice. We need time to first consolidate the national economy.

Only then. We could open up to world markets European overproduction destroys African markets Mom okay suffer the consequences The onion case will soon be repeated in other agricultural products The new free trade agreements with the European Union prohibit the increase in tariffs as a protective measure It is time for us to build our own economy just as the countries of the European Union had their time to grow. First we have to become strong and then we can think about a free trade agreement with the European Union. We Europeans deprive Africans of what they deserve. The more they need to protect their agriculture and their incipient industry and the fact is that we Germans, like all industrialized nations, have grown only because at the beginning we strongly protected ourselves against competition although now we do not like to talk about it without protectionism we would never have been an industrialized country during the The Bismarck Empire closed the borders to prevent the entry of Russian wood and grain.

The English also protected themselves. They were the ones who invented the Made in Germany label so that the British could identify the cheapest German knives. What is Made in Germany? To end up doing something positive is a great irony in countries that promote free trade when they are especially competitive and only for the sectors where they are very competitive in those sectors where they are not, they apply protectionism, for example in Europe with agriculture, for example, Switzerland, we are in the canton of Sangalo ago A few months ago, the Swiss voted in a citizen plebiscite in favor of greater food safety and quality.

The president of the Swiss farmers, Marcus Rita, promoted this initiative. His union colleagues want to protect themselves. Markos Ritter is the owner of a typical family farm. This farmer knows the dangers of free trade without borders if trade will be carried out freely over borders you can be sure that food would no longer be produced in Switzerland for economic reasons and its production would be moved to cheaper places where there are no personnel costs in that case outside of Switzerland compared to Switzerland's closest neighbor Germany wages in the Swiss country are 50 percent higher marks Rita could never produce as cheaply as its European neighbors it is about maintaining the quality of the products and protecting jobs that This is what the Swiss achieve with their tariffs or their border protection as they call it.

This border protection is very important for the profitability of any economic activity where this protection is less, such as in milk. Things get complicated when the protection is sufficient, as with milk. Fruit and vegetables, national markets work well, how does this protection against cheap imports work? Strawberries are charged three Swiss francs per 100 kilos, but during the strawberry season in Switzerland, the tariff rises to 510 francs, a prohibitive rate. or onions, the importer pays three francs per 100 kilos, but when the Swiss harvest them, they have to pay 126 francs; beef pays 109 francs as long as it remains below the limits; those who import more pay up to two thousand nine hundred francs for each 100 kilos of meat and bicycles regardless of origin 12 francs per unit the president of the farmers rita values ​​this flexible system to keep foreign competition at bay for farmers it is not only about prices but also about the environment respectful farming of animals and the protection of the landscape protectionism makes it possible to maintain these standards the rancher rita believes that fully liberalized trade does not ensure sustainable production standards it is important to be convinced that here in switzerland we also have the ethical responsibility to produce what that we can without having to use our purchasing power to buy cheaper, it is not only about the price but there is also an ethical responsibility.

This protection of national production is expensive for the Swiss, but without it, farmers would not be able to compete in their own country. It is protectionism and in Germany it is not done any other way. In Germany, each hectare is subsidized with 280 euros. Europeans in total finance our countryside with more than 60 billion euros per year. One of the consequences is the overproduction of milk and pork. That we export to China at a low price, this is also protectionism, although hidden, and this is what the Americans do, by the way, with their massive subsidies to agriculture and their giant agricultural consortiums exporting to the whole world.

The losers are the farmers of poor countries. Let's go back to Cameroon. For years, chicken offal was imported here from European consortia. This destroyed the Anesco poultry farm. Ah, people stopped buying the country's chickens until the government imposed a ban on the import of chicken meat. Since the ban, the sector has returned to business. flourish in this town where they live from raising chickens, there is hope again, well, yes, on a broom she is the boss of this small poultry farm that now shows us with all her pride. For years these pens were empty, the European chicken meat, especially the German was cheaper for Anesco to this protectionist measure it was a blessing and everything works again also I love my business I am so happy raising chickens is once again a profitable activity this is the poultry market in Yaoundé the capital of Cameroon here alone chickens from the country are sold after European offal compares the market for years Francisco mother of the organization bread for the world sets out 15 years ago revealed how European chicken offal was destroying African markets of course it was I am glad that Cameroon's ban on European chicken makes the country's sector flourish.

Protection works but Cameroon cannot apply it as it would like because the free trade agreement with the European Union prohibits it. Francisco Mar is absolutely convinced that they need more protectionist measures and Of course, products must be protected as long as they cannot compete with those from outside and it is also fair. It is a system with which many countries have begun to establish their production because it is denied to Africa. Not only does it know the case of chickens, it also knows the suffering in all African countries the free trade agreement that the European Union wants to force all these countries into is not only in their opinion totally partial but also obsolete and these countries do not obtain advantages other than those they already had, namely access to the markets and to do so they have to open their market step by step and so Cameroon, for example, has no option to protect itself.

Manufacturing and the industry also need this protection in this very incipient phase. Cameroon produced some robust motorcycles but today they come from China. Trade brings well-being to many people but it does so by increasing the gap between rich and poor, this is how 10% of the global population owns 90% of the goods while the poorest 50% owns almost nothing 0.2 percent The winners are the shareholders of the large Alphabet consortiums, Google's parent company, which doubled its value in a few years and multiplied it by 10 in that same interval. The global economy grew by a third of its value while capital runs freely around the planet with a clear beneficiary is the financial sector and all this with hardly any control, so it is estimated that the consortia deposit some 25 billion euros in tax havens such as the Cayman Islands or Panama.

If there were controls, a situation that provokes protests like this one at the last summit would not be possible. of the world trade organization in Buenos Aires - an organization that according to its critics represents the interests of the industrialized states and their large consortiums, mama vale has no options in this system because without any protectionism, trade can never be fair over the entire sector. Food needs greater protection in both industrialized and poor countries. If we want to continue producing regional products and not in the cheapest place in the world to sell them where there is greater purchasing power, we have to apply protectionism but in a positive way based In sustainability, Africa does not need ties but protection.

If things were better there, millions of people would not have to risk their lives on their uncertain journey to Europe. Thus, we would combat the causes of migratory exoduses. In reality, the rules of global trade are made so that countries The rich can invest the poor and extract their resources is a very poor attitude especially in the agricultural sector when they say that we must open up to the free market while they protect themselves from the outside by massively subsidizing their agriculture there is a double standard one with which they cry out cries for free trade and another that protects them behind closed doors is not fair and is not sustainable in the future global trade in goods is also a fight for well-being that produces winners and losers authentic free trade in reality never existed nor will it exist never