Insane Way A Man Survived 76 Days Lost At Sea & Other Incredible Survival True Stories

Have you ever thought about sailing alone in the open sea? Would you ever like to do it? For many of us, it may seem fun, exciting or simply relaxing to take some time away from our everyday lives, such as enjoying a nice vacation, perhaps imagining yourself on a boat with beautiful sunshine and salty sea air sounds appealing to you, or maybe just the idea makes you sea sick, whatever your case. Most of us can probably agree that sailing is one thing, but being stranded alone in the open sea is very different. less than ideal proved that something like this happens to you your chances of

survival

are slim no one knows this better than a man who experienced it firsthand in 1981 after enduring a divorce from his wife Stephen Callahan was driven by ambition and a adventurous spirit.

He decided that he wanted to sail the treacherous Atlantic Ocean in his 21-foot boat called the Napoleon Solo. An appropriate name given his desire to undertake the journey completely alone. At first his trip went without a hitch. He began his long journey from Newport Rhode Island to Bermuda, from there he set sail for England and continued to the Caribbean island of Antigua. From there his ship suffered serious damage due to bad weather. Fortunately, he managed to make the necessary repairs and continue on with his ship. great trip. he persisted through Spain and Portugal leaving near Madeira in the Canary Islands.

It was when he left the Canary Islands on his way back to Antigua that disaster struck in January 1982, just a week after his departure, the Napoleon Solo was struck presumably by a whale. This caused severe damage and Callahan was forced to abandon his boat without time to think. He frantically prepared his lifeboat while simultaneously trying to gather as many supplies as he could. He had to repeatedly dive into his sinking boat to retrieve vinyl items to survive. It was made even more difficult considering that he couldn't see anything while he was underwater and had to navigate the boat from memory.

He had no choice but to locate objects by feeling around. Imagine for a moment having to race against the clock. Pack as much as you can to survive knowing that what you choose to take could mean the difference between life and death. Now also imagine that you are forced to do this blindfolded. Anyone would probably feel the need to panic. In this scenario, your adrenaline. Surely your heart would race out of your chest, but if you want to survive you don't have time to give in to restlessness, which is probably how Callahan felt during his moment of pure crisis.

In his haste, Callahan managed to get hold of some fishing line with water. purifier and a harpoon for food, he gathered mostly scraps like peanuts and raisins, eggs, cabbage, corned beef, baked beans, and eight ounces of water that he could grab; However, his supplies would only last him about two and a half weeks from then on. he was with little of anything 800 miles west of the Canary Islands, completely isolated and adrift on a raft in the middle of the open ocean, he surely should have been doomed at this point, he could only rely on his wits and with very few resources available.

He had to develop a means to survive, he mainly fished and occasionally hunted birds, he had no way of cooking his food, however he had to eat everything raw, consider that the next time you feel the need to complain that your food was overcooked. For Callahan during his desperate time overcooked meals would have been a luxury, although he had taken a water purifier, it proved to be ineffective at converting seawater, so he had to set up a system of balloons and tarps to collect seawater. rain, with this he was only able to secure about 20 ounces of water per day, but this was barely enough to keep him alive.

Callahan was forced to return to antiquated navigation techniques by creating a sexton with pencils. A sexton is a device used to measure the horizon and celestial objects such as stars and planets. He used this tool to roughly estimate where he was and where to direct his raft. He used the North Star as a guide to point his raft towards the West Indies in the hope of finding help along the way after so many weeks adrift in Sea Callahan. The raft became his own miniature ecosystem, a colony of barnacles, but it began to grow on the bottom, attracting fish that he then caught and ate.

Unfortunately, these fish also attracted sharks that continually surrounded his raft and served as a constant reminder of the dangers. In the situation he found himself in, one would assume that one of the sharks would have gotten impatient and taken a bite out of Callahan's anger to deflate him, but no, it was actually a fish that almost sank him while fishing one day. His capture made a hole in it. the bottom of his rack Callahan having to make hasty repairs with his arms underwater and an enveloping circle of sharks surrounding him keeping his boat afloat while simultaneously trying to repair it was a full-time job that must have been exhausting the entire time.

His ordeal happened to about seven boats in his vicinity, two of them being less than a mile away. Callahan desperately tried to signal them using a flare gun and an emergency radio beacon to get their attention, but his attempts ended in failure. He felt completely helpless and became increasingly depressed. Although his raft was rated as a six-person inflatable, he still felt cramped after a while, on top of everything he endured. Fierce storms battled massive waves and battled extreme loneliness. With each passing day, his chances of

survival

also grew more and more. On the morning of his 76th day adrift, a group of fishermen spotted him off the southeast coast of Guadalupe, he was eventually rescued at that time, although Callahan had

lost

40 pounds and was covered in painful open sores from his constant exposure. to the sun and sea water.

I think that after enduring all of this Callahan would have succumbed to PTSD and wanted to remain silent about his terrifying experience, but he didn't. Kellhan recounted his

days

at sea in his book A Drift 76 Days Lost at Sea which was on the New York Times bestseller list in 1986 for over 36 weeks, his Memoirs were also used in the television documentary series Shouldn't Being Alive, which aired on November 17, 2010, some 29 years after he was rescued in the Caribbean, his ordeal made him somewhat of an ocean survival expert, so he was contacted to act as advisor for the 2012 film Life of Pi, which if you don't already know is about a boy trapped on a raft in the middle of the ocean with a tiger.

Cal made handmade props for the film, including decoys and

other

tools seen in the film. He mentioned that the film was so realistic that he fortunately found it difficult to watch, although Callahan didn't have to deal with the added threat of a tiger on top of it all. more than he endured during the experience he after recovering from his nightmare in Sea Callahan also decided to use the knowledge of what he had learned to help develop a design for an improved life raft. He called the design the Clamshell and created it as a fitted utility raft.

With a canopy to protect from prolonged exposure to the sun and to collect rainwater, he did this so that if

other

s somehow ended up in the same dangerous situation, they would at least have an easier time than him in the ordeal. As an author, naval architect, inventor, and sailor, Stephen Callahan is an interesting person, to say the least, with everything stacked against him on his 76-day adventure alone at sea. He

survived

using his wits and determination, usually waking up because he has to go to the bathroom is annoying, but on May 26, 2013, waking up and leaving his bunk to go to the bathroom was a life-saving decision for Harrison or Jegbo.

Okene, 29, through a strange twist of fate. Harrison ended up being the only survivor of a ship that sank at sea. He can claim a unique title. He is the only person in the world who has

survived

at the bottom of the sea for almost three

days

. The Gulf of Guinea, in the Southeast Atlantic Ocean, is rich in oil-laden sedimentary seafloor layers. Many offshore oil platforms. operations dot the African coast here on May 26 about 20 miles off escravos Nigeria in rough seas three tugs pitched on a yacht while performing tension duties on a Chevron tanker filling at a single buoy Berth number three just before 5 a.m.

The tugboat Jascon 4 was caught by a large rogue wave and capsized due to ongoing piracy issues in the Gulf security protocol on the tugboat was that the 12-man crew would lock themselves in their room while sleeping, unfortunately this rule slowed down the crew of Jascon Force when they tried. To escape, the crew members had to first come out of their cabinets, except for the ship's cook, Harrison, who had gotten up to use the bathroom in his underwear when the tug sank and the ocean rushed in. Harrison had to force open the metal bathroom door. open against the wall of water, the water pressure was extremely strong and Harrison was unable to follow some of his colleagues to the emergency hatch.

He watched in horror as a surge overwhelmed three crew members and swept them off the ship into the raging sea. The water then pushed Harrison down a narrow hallway toward another bathroom that he had attached to an officer's cabin. Dazed and bruised but miraculously still alive, Harrison clung to an overturned sink to keep his head above water in the four-foot square bathroom, the ship sinking nearly 100 feet finally coming to rest face down on the sea floor when the tug capsized. An immediate rescue operation was launched with the other boats in the area and a helicopter. A diving team quickly located the wreck and marked the location with buoys that struck the hull.

Harrison responded but was not heard because the divers were not prepared to dive deeply, they were only able to remain in the depths of the wreck for a limited period of time, the rescue was called off due to there being no evidence of survivors after almost a day. After being in the bathroom, Harrison mustered the courage to leave his little air pocket in total darkness, swam, and felt his way toward the engineer's office. Miraculously, here was also another air pocket about four feet high, by Harrison's estimate, having solved the immediate problem. Having air to breathe Harrison could focus on other concerns, the first being that it was cold in May, the surface temperature of the East Atlantic on average is a pleasant 81.9 degrees Fahrenheit, but Harrison was 100 feet down, shivering with humidity and wearing only boxers.

Harrison faced hypothermia, or his body

lost

heat faster than he could safely produce it. Harrison searched around the cabin and found some tools and used them to remove the wall panels with a mattress and the wall material that was able to make a platform to sit on this platform helped Harrison stay afloat and lifted half upper part of his body out of the water, which allowed him to reduce heat loss, hunger, thirst, cold and trapped in complete darkness. Harrison was terrifying, he tried to think about his family quite religiously every time he felt up. Especially frightened, Harrison prayed and asked Jesus to rescue him.

Over time, the sea water began to remove the skin from Harrison's tongue. He could smell something rotten. He thought it was the decomposing bodies of his former shipmates. Every little sound in the darkness the creaking of the hull, the banging of the remains against the walls and the most horrible noises of splashing and eating were magnified as the fish nibbled on the corpses, meanwhile a diving support boat, the toucan luek, arrived at the area of ​​the sinking, the Jascon 4's parent company West African Ventures had hired a deep-sea salvage saturation diving team from Subsea Services Company DC and Global to recover the bodies of the lost crew members.

The six divers, deck crew and technical staff on the toucan luek knew it was going to be a grueling mission apart from the heart. Heartbreaking work recovering the dead, the ship had sunk upside down in soft mud, kicking up fine sediment and creating extremely poor visibility, furthermore, due to safety protocols, the ship was secured from the inside. Dive team 2 consisted of Nico van heerden, Andre Erasmus and Daryl usteza. With supervisor Colby Ware on top of the boat helping guide the divers through an attached microphone while they watched the dive through a camera worn by Nico, the team spent more than an hour breaking through an external watertight door and then a second metal door to enter the sunken ship, once inside, it wasExtremely disorienting, as the ceiling was at the bottom and the floor above your head, the murky water was filled with all sorts of hazards including furniture and equipment.

Slowly, painstakingly, the divers explored the ship, they had recovered four bodies when Nico crawled up the stairs to the main deck there was a very tight squeeze with the diving equipment on his back he was in a small passage getting his bearings when suddenly something came out of the Merc and touched it Harrison had almost given up hope when he heard a noise that sounded like anger falling and finally heard hammering on the hull of the boat. He knew they had to be divers. He hit the wall but didn't think he was hurt. Then Harrison saw the light from the head of one of the divers. torches as he swam down the hallway to the other end of the cabin, unfortunately the diver was too fast and left the area before Harrison could reach him, but then came the magical moment you may have seen The Surreal.

Incredible video rescue footage of Nico as he sees what he believes is another corpse he touches The corpse's hand in his hand unexpectedly squeezes his Nico is momentarily panicked when his supervisor Colby shouts through the microphone that he's alive, Colby is alive He then tells Nico to comfort Harrison by patting him on the shoulder and giving him a thumbs up, the divers were shocked to find Harrison alive. The maximum depth for recreational diving is 130 feet. In general, recreational divers do not stay at 100 feet for more than 20 minutes in terms of the air pocket. The divers had reached Harrison just in time.

A human inhales approximately 350 cubic feet of air every 24 hours. However, because the ship was under pressure at the bottom of the ocean, scientists estimate that Harrison's airbag would have been compressed by a factor of about four. If the pressurized airbag were about 216 cubic feet, they would contain enough oxygen to keep Harrison alive for about two and a half days. When Harrison was located, he had been underwater for approximately 60 hours. An additional danger came from the buildup of carbon monoxide, or CO2. CO2 is fatal to humans at a concentration of about five percent. While Harrison breathed, he exhaled carbon dioxide slowly increasing the levels of the gas in the small space, however, the CO2 is absorbed by the water and upon splashing the water within his air pocket, Harrison inadvertently increased the surface area of ​​the water, thus increasing absorption. of CO2 and helping to keep the gas below the lethal level 5, divers describe Harrison as having CO2 poisoning, shortness of breath, and delirious when found would not have lasted much longer.

The divers first used hot water to warm Harrison. An oxygen mask was then put on him while, on the surface, the diving support team was in contact with doctors and diving experts discussing how to best help the survivor. Harrison had a new problem, what divers commonly call bends, also known as decompression or box sickness. The disease occurs when nitrogen bubbles form in the blood as a result of changes in pressure. If Harrison ascended directly from 100 feet underwater to the ocean's surface, the bubbles in his blood would cause joint pain at best and rashes at worst. paralysis neurological problems cardiac arrest or possibly even death it was decided that Harrison would be treated as if he were one of the saturation divers who would come out after a dime.

Harrison spent about 20 minutes getting used to breathing through the mask and then the divers put on a diving helmet. and put the harness on him, they were a little worried that he would panic when they took him out of the boat and be a danger to the diving, but Harrison continued calmly under pressure, confident that the team was impressed with his level demeanor as they pulled him out of. Harrison. the boat and led him to a diving bell that brought him to the surface. He finally reached the surface around 7 pm on Tuesday, May 28. Disorientated. Harrison thought it was Sunday afternoon and he had only been trapped for 12 hours.

He was surprised to learn from the diving bell that he had been underwater for more than two days. Harrison was moved to a decompression chamber where he remained for another two and a half days while his body decompressed to the surface pressure of the 12 crew members aboard the tug Jaskon 4. Divers rescued One Survivor and recovered 10 of the bodies. The search for the eleventh crew member had to be called off due to dangerous conditions. Harrison fully recovered from the ordeal and returned to his hometown of Wari Nigeria. He didn't go to the funeral. from his colleagues because he feared the reactions of his family.

Nigerians can be very religious but also superstitious. Some rumors spread that Harrison was saved by black magic. Harrison was also plagued with survivor's guilt and wondered why he was the only one to survive since the incident. Harrison experienced post-traumatic stress disorder. His wife, AK Pavono Kenne, says he suffers from nightmares. Harrison will suddenly wake up screaming and flailing, convinced that he is underwater. Harrison has since taken a cooking job on land and vows never to take a position on a ship again. He made a covenant with God when he was. At the bottom of the ocean when I was underwater I told God if you rescue me I will never go back to the sea again.

She was exhausted but she needed to keep moving her head she was throbbing with hunger every part of her body hurt she was covered in mosquito bites and she had second degree sunburn his wristwatch stopped a long time ago but he tried to calculate how many days had passed since he had fallen from the sky in twilight he heard voices and thought he was imagining things again but then three men came out of the rainforest and they were stoned when they saw her. I'm a girl who was in the Lancer accident. She told them that my name is Juliana.

I was born to German zoologist parents, María and Hans Wilhelm, on October 10, 1954. Juliana Kopka had an interesting childhood. Her parents worked for the natural history museum in Lima, Peru. When Juliana was 14, her parents decided to leave the city and establish a penguin ecological research station in the Amazon rainforest for the next two years Juliana was homeschooled and accompanied her parents on research trips. her in the jungle where she learned to identify plants, animals and insects and various survival techniques along the way. The educational authorities disapproved and Juliana was forced to return to Lima to finish high school in December 1971.

María arrived in the city to pick up 17-year-old Juliana's plan. visit her father for Christmas, although her mother wanted to leave earlier on the 20th, Juliana had a school dance on December 22 and a graduation ceremony on the 23rd, after Juliana's pleas, her mother agreed to fly on Christmas Eve, unfortunately everyone The flights were booked apart from one with Lenius Iris nationalist society Anonymous Lancea. The airline had a poor safety record and Hans Wilhelm had previously urged Maria to avoid flying with the company, but Juliana's mother thought they would be fine just before noon. On December 24, Lansa domestic passenger flight 508 departed from Jorge Chava International Airport in Lima bound for Iquitos, Peru with a scheduled stopover in Bukalpa, Peru.

The first half of the 70-minute, 304-mile flight to Pukalpa was normal, then the Lockheed plane l180 88a Electro turboprop traveling at around 21,000 feet flew into a thunderstorm. A subsequent investigation determined that the crew, feeling pressured to meet the vacation schedule, decided to continue the flight despite the treacherous weather that was approaching while the plane It sank and rose due to turbulence, luggage and the Christmas presence fell from the overhead lockers, frightened passengers suddenly screamed and cried. There was a bright flash as lightning ignited the fuel tank on the right wing, tearing a hole in the plane.

Juliana remembers that María said: "That's the end, everything is over." Those were the last words she heard her mother say. The plane disintegrated approximately two miles away. On the ground, Juliana still strapped to her airplane seat turned upside down, the wind whistling in her ears, she lost consciousness only to regain it and lose it again as she fell freely to the ground, some time later, Juliana entered the wet rainforest, muddy and alone. Huddled under the plane seat, drifting in and out of Consciousness for the next 19 hours for the rest of the day and night, the next morning Juliana assessed herself, her neck, shoulder and ankle hurt, she had a large cut on the arm. and her right eye was swollen and closed she was wearing a very short sleeveless mini dress and a white sandal apart from the swelling she was nearsighted and had lost her glasses however her watch still worked and she knew it was around 9 am The plane seat Maria had landed next to her daughters but she was empty dizzy Juliana crawled on all fours and searched the area around the accident site she marked trees to get her bearings and called her mother without hearing anything except the sounds of the rainforest she felt scared and helpless after a while Juliana forced her.

At first she staggered, but little by little she stabilized. She was thirsty. She drank raindrops from the leaves. She heard planes flying overhead looking for the wreckage, but due to the dense canopy of the trees she could not see them. She realized that she needed to get somewhere. completely open where she could be seen by the rescuers Juliana first headed towards the rainforest as she walked she tested the area in front of her by throwing her remaining shoe forward, then moved forward to pick it up and throw it again the snakes could camouflage themselves as dry leaves and She didn't want to step on any creature or any other creature, the only sign of the accident that Juliana found was a bag of candy that she quickly ate and saved some pieces for later.

The walk was difficult, with uneven terrain that she had to walk frequently. climbing or passing under huge logs that blocked her path, Juliana finally found a small stream and followed it, as she had been taught that following water leads to rivers, which often means civilization in people for the next day, Juliana He stumbled through the rainforest following the water as it slowly grew From a trickle to a stream, apart from candy and water, he had nothing else to eat as it was the rainy season, there was no fruit to pick, he had no tools to help her cut down trees. fishing or cooking Roots was also aware that many of the plants that grew in the jungle were poisonous the days were sweltering and humid and it rained frequently at night the temperature dropped Juliana hid under the bushes curled up shivering in her mini dress it was Constantly attacked by insects, especially mosquitoes, the flies laid eggs in the wound on Juliana's arm, she squeezed it but couldn't get them out, she was worried about losing her arm while walking down the River.

Juliana saw more evidence of the plane crash and heard the call. She caught sight of a king vulture and suspected there were dead bodies nearby. She eventually came across a row of seats with three dead people still tied up. The passengers were hit in the head and hit the ground with such force that they were buried almost two feet in the ground. Juliana was horrified when she judged by their clothing that two of the victims were men. To make sure that the woman was not her mother, Juliana took a stick and tore off a shoe from the female corpse, since the toes were painted, she knew it couldn't be.

Maria since her mother never used nail polish on December 28 Juliana's watch finally stopped after that she tried to count the days but suffered confusion on the 5th or sixth day of her trip Juliana heard a sound that gave her hope that it was the call of a Fool a subtropical bird that nests only near open expanses of water, thinking that people would settle next to the water. Juliana found that the sound quickened her pace. Finally, Giuliana made her way to the bank of a large river, but there were no humans or settlements in sight. She periodically heard the sound of planes in the distance, but less and less as the days went by she became desperate, believing that the searchers had given up having rescued all the passengers except her.

The densely overgrown river banks made it difficult for Juliana to continue on land. She began to walk carefully in shallow water, keeping an eye out for the manta rays because it was slow. Juliana attempted to swim in the middle of the river knowing that the manta rays would not venture into deep water, however, she still had piranhas and alligators to worry about at night. curled up on the bank of the river dozing restlessly the various wounds of her pulsing with pain the cuts and scrapes of her infected days before Juliana had eaten the last candyShe now drank water from the river to keep her stomach full.

One morning she felt a sharp pain in her back as she cautiously explored the area. Her hand came out bloody. The sun had severely burned her back while she was swimming. Exhausted and hungry, Juliana was plagued by hallucinations of civilization. Sometimes she saw the roof of a house or heard the clucking of chickens. She fantasized incessantly about food every day. It became more difficult to get into the cold water and swim on the tenth day of Juliana's arduous journey. She constantly found logs as she floated down the river. She weakly climbed over them using the last of her strength trying not to hurt herself further after a tiring day.

Juliana swam. to a shore where she fell asleep on a gravel bank minutes later she woke up in an

incredible

place a boat Juliana wanted to leave but she didn't want to steal the boat instead she took a small path that led to the shore from the river because it was so weak that it took him hours to climb the hill to a small hut with a palm leaf roof. Juliana found a liter of gasoline and poured it on someone's wounds of honor, remembering having seen her father do the same to cure a dog of worms, the gasoline stung but brought out a mass of worms that were infecting his arm a second way LED from the Hutt to the rainforest Juliana waited but no one showed up so she spent the night at The Shack the ground was too hard so she went back She got into the water and lay down on the sand the next day.

Juliana walked to the cabin again because it was pouring rain. There were frogs everywhere and Juliana tried to catch one to eat, luckily she was too slow, which was good because the frogs ended up being poisonous. Juliana stayed at the shelter telling herself that she would rest one more day before moving on. Near sunset she heard voices and thought it was her imagination but then three woodcutters came out of the forest and froze when they saw her. Juliana remembers that they thought she was a kind of water goddess called yamanja, a figure from a local legend who is a hybrid of a water dolphin and a blonde, white-skinned woman.

In Spanish, Juliana explained what happened. The woodcutters treated her wounds and gave her to eat the next day In the morning they loaded her into a canoe for a seven-hour trip downriver to a logging station. From there, a local pilot flew her to a hospital in Pukalpa. Giuliana learned that she actually had a broken collarbone, torn her ACL, and partially fractured her shin. One day after arriving at the hospital, Juliana met with her father. She described their emotional reunion as a moment without words. Juliana was interviewed by the Air Force and the police at her direction.

Search teams located the accident site on the bodies of the victims in total the spear. In the crash of Flight 508, 91 people died, six crew members and 85 of its 86 passengers. Up to 14 passengers, including Juliana's mother Maria, were found to have survived the crash, but died from their injuries before they could be found. Juliana was hailed as the miracle child. In the Peruvian press she received hundreds of letters from all over the world moved by her story of survival where she and her father moved to Germany, where Juliana made a full recovery, although she was plagued by nightmares, pain from the death of her mother and tormented. because of Sir survivor's fault.

Juliana excelled in college studying zoology like her parents and earned a doctorate in 2000. Famed director Werner Herzog made a documentary about Giuliana's ordeal that she actually located. the scene of the accident and filmed Juliana retracing some of her steps in 2011 Juliana published an autobiography today Juliana is now 60 years old, she is a librarian at the zoology collection of the state of Bavaria in Germany and frequently visits penguana, the Peruvian research center started by his parents the date is May 23, 1939 and several hundred feet below the waves of the Atlantic, just off the east coast of the United States, a group of submariners and their captain huddle in the icy darkness .

Their submarine sank in the rear compartments, flooding and causing the crippled submarine to settle in the mud at the bottom of the sea. A rescue buoy with the telephone line was released hours ago and no contact has yet been established with the outside world. As far as the men know, no one even knows that they have sunk and with every minute that passes the air supply decreases and the chances of rescue suddenly become even slimmer, although in the total darkness you can hear the emergency phone ringing connected directly via Hardline to the rescue buoy above. Captain Oliver F.

Naquin lifts the receiver and salutes as he speaks. the line is cut overhead, a surge has severed the telephone line leaving the crew trapped isolated from the world and with no idea if the rescue will ever be made between 1921 and 1938. 825 teenage submarine sailors from various countries died under the waves. The reputation of submarines was so bad that in the US sailors called it coffin service. The insurance policies specifically dictated that they would not be paid out if the recipient died in an underwater accident. These underwater tools of warfare were by far the most dangerous ever created and yet, as the First World War had shown that they could turn traditional naval power on its head during the First World War, Britain operated the most formidable Navy in the world. and kept the German Navy locked in their home ports for the vast majority of the war, but German submarines routinely slipped between Royal Navy ships to decimate shipping in the Atlantic to the point that the economy British was in grave danger.

Despite its dangers, navies around the world knew that the submarine was a vital tool of submarine warfare and those who chose to ignore the use of submarines. He did so only at great risk, a state-of-the-art ship of his time, the Squalus, was launched on September 14, 1938, just two months behind her sister ship, she would be officially commissioned on March 1, 1939, and underwent Sea trials during the next few months Commanding the state-of-the-art ship was Captain Oliver F. Naquin, who had led a crew of five officers and 51 enlisted men. He was known as a Stern Commander, exactly the kind of man one wanted to have in command of a ship where the slightest mistake could cost the lives of everyone on board.

As a diesel-powered submarine, the squalus would remain on the surface long enough to charge its large battery banks with its diesel engines; However, once the batteries were charged, the ship would submerge beneath the waves to avoid detection by one of the most advanced submarines in the world. The Squalus could dive up to 250 feet and travel up to 11,000 miles without refueling on the morning of the 23rd. In May, the Squalus departed once again for routine diving testing moving 13 miles southeast of Portsmouth. On board that day were two Navy Yard engineers and a representative from General Motors who were there to evaluate the Squalus's ability to dive at high speed.

In 60 seconds exactly as he would have to do during wartime to avoid enemy aircraft on the bridge, the captain orders the dive to begin in Cobbs' officers radio the submarine's location to Portsmouth as the diving horns begin to sound moving. At 16 knots, the squalus begins to sink beneath the waves and the alarm board also known as the Christmas tree is displayed in the control room. Green lights everywhere indicating that all openings in the room were closed. These openings included not only the main hatch into the ballast tanks, but also the induction tubes located behind the conning tower that fed air to the gigantic diesel engines and ventilated the ship, removing diesel exhaust gases.

For the dive to be successful, the submarine had to quickly shut down the diesel engines, close the induction pipes and start the battery-powered electric motors. The dive seems to be perfect and in a few minutes the squalus is already 20 feet below the waves. Captain Naquin notices his ears popping due to a fluctuation in air pressure and simultaneously a frantic plea sounds over the ship's intercom from the engine room. He carried her up. Induction is open. The Christmas tree shows green lights across the board, but over the intercom the chief engineer is shouting. For the ship to surface and the roar of water can be heard in the background inside the engine room, sea water floods the induction pipes and quickly fills the compartment as the men struggle to hold on and reach the hatch. main with a sudden rush. of air indicates that the ballast tanks are being blown in an attempt to lift the drowning submarine and for a moment it looks like it will work, the submarine stops and the ship locks into place, but then begins to sink again, suddenly the stern sinks back at a 45-degree angle causing the sailors to fall backwards into the icy water.

Those who managed to reach the engine room hatch are thrown back and away onto the bridge. Captain Naquin hangs on the periscope as the submarine tilts dramatically backwards. He makes a very difficult decision and immediately orders. Let all the hatches be sealed, this will trap the men in the flooded compartments, but perhaps the only way to save the ship, the electricians have Lloyd Manus' third class in position between the control room and the compartments. butts flooded trying to close the 200 pound door. but the steep angle makes it almost impossible, he suddenly hears shouts from the compartments behind him, men shouting at him to keep the door open, but the man grunts with effort and slams the door shut, trapping the men behind it. with water that already reaches the control room.

It's the only option to take even if he just sentenced all the men behind that door in the Torpedo Room at the tail of the submarine to death. 17 men try in vain to seal themselves, but the rising sea water makes it impossible. To seal his hatch in the engine room, a sailor reached one of the escape hatches and opened it, but the pressure of the ocean outside keeps it sealed and gives no chance of escape in front of the sealed door that prevents the rest of the crew. submarine is synchronized. Lawrence Gainer realizes that the batteries have been exposed to seawater and that an explosion is imminent when the power goes off.

He grabs a flashlight and descends into the narrow space beneath the forward battery room. main deck crawling forward in several inches of water towards the giant battery bank, a single straight arc of electricity would fry him instantly, but the sailor continues reaching the battery bank, disconnects one of the two large disconnect switches and suddenly explodes a miniature thunderstorm. Right before his eyes, a cascade of blue-white electricity crackles and melts the insulation of the hole and half-blinds the sailor, reaching through the electrical arc to the second switch, he disconnects it, cutting off the flow of electricity completely and preventing an explosion.

Their actions ensure that the sailors have hope of being rescued even if it has cost them part of their vision. The submarine continues its slow descent towards the depths of the Atlantic in the darkness. The survivors fear that the ship will implode at any second and the room groans and arches. As he takes on the weight of the ocean above him, rated at a crush depth of 250 feet, the crew does not know how far this part of the ocean extends and while they are still on the continental shelf they could reach a depth. An implosion of up to 400 feet would kill them all in an instant.

Underwater recordings of implosion events confirmed that it happens so quickly that the human brain does not have time to register it. A small mercy for any suddenly doomed Submariner, though the crew is thrown to the ground as the submarine hits the muddy ground below and settles 240 feet under the Atlantic. The 33 survivors take stock of their situation and have approximately 48 hours of air. and enough mothers and lungs for each survivor the lungs are a breathing device is designed to allow the crew to float to the surface, but they have only been tested to a depth of 200 feet and even if they worked properly, the crew could be killed from the fence .

Swimming to the surface would be a desperate last resort. A rescue buoy with signaling rockets has been sent. Fired automatically at a periodic rate, a telephone line connected to the buoy will allow the crew to speak to potential rescuers. In the darkness, the men wonder if there are survivors in any of the other compartments. They touch the airlines that leave from one endfrom ship to ship but no response many hours later the crew can hear the sound of the propellers overhead and spirits rise. Another submarine has discovered its location. A few minutes later the phone rings, but almost as soon as Captain Naquin answers, an ocean.

The surf breaks the baby's telephone cable and the crew settles in once again, comforted at least by the idea that they have been found and the Navy knows they are alive almost immediately. The Navy orders the submarine Falcon to hurry out of The aborted New London Connecticut is an experimental rescue chamber essentially a giant diving bell the device that looks like an inverted glass had only been used in training and not in an actual rescue attempt its inventors Lieutenant Commander Charles Momson and Commander Alan McCann accompany the rescue chamber to assist in the recovery operation Other Navy ships arrive at the location of the squalus and use grappling hooks dragged along the sea floor in an attempt to pinpoint the exact location of the stricken submarine.

Finally, a heavy anchor manages to snag the bracket and the sailors, both above and below, settle in for the night. wait for the rescue ship to arrive at the squalus, sailors communicate via Morse code with the ships above by hitting messages with welding hammers against the room, a casualty count is generated and transmitted back to Portsmouth where relatives and journalists are gathered waiting for any news. Reports of accidents are accelerating around the world. World attention is focused on rescue efforts. Although none believe they will be successful to date, few underwater rescues have been attempted, much less accomplished overnight.

Captain Aquin orders his men to perform breathing tasks or short, sharp inhalations intended to conserve oxygen, this leaves the sailors with severe nausea and headaches, although from time to time the captain releases stored oxygen to alleviate the symptoms, They may still have to swim, and if so, the men would need to be physically fit. To do so at zero eight hundred hours the Falcon finally moors on the squalus 23 hours after its sinking one hour later a diver with a helmet begins his descent carrying a cable connected to a winch in the rescue bell itself he has to find the escape forward hatch and connects the cable hole to the squalus allowing the bell to be guided into position above the hatch Five minutes after jumping overboard, the men inside the submarine hear the diver land with a loud thud on the deck above the bow torpedo room with only a few inches of steel between them, the men could hear every word the diver communicates to the surface and are elated, but the diver has been severely affected by extreme death and is fighting confusion and slow reflexes as you struggle to try to find the few hatch. more minutes in the diver finally manages to connect the cable to the hatch and signals that everything is up for an hour the rescue bell makes its slow and steady descent to the squalus until it finally settles gently around the hatch a rubber gasket seals the camera to the hatch and water is pumped, this is the critical moment in the rescue.

If the bell has been poorly designed, the airlock could fail and, when the submarine's hatches open, the extreme pressure will tear the rescue belt, killing the survivors and the three rescuers. The knocking on the hatch indicates that all is clear from the rescue bell, and with a deep sigh, Torpedo Man First Class John Mikowski opens it, water falls on him, but the seal holds on. Three trips to the surface have already been made and only 10 survivors remain, including Captain Naquin, who insists on being the last to charge in the rescue, Bell the Bell frees himself from the squalus and begins his slow ascent suddenly, although the belt gets stuck in its descending cable, it immediately strains another cable that runs from the Falcon's winch upwards to the Bell itself, under the enormous tension, five of the seven strands intertwining the high-strength steel cable are released and it is immediately sent to a diver back to the squalus to cut the descending cable once the cable is cut, although the crew above decides to leave it. the belt returns to the bottom while they decide what to do next and the bell slowly settles back to the bottom of the Atlantic.

Captain Naquin can't help but laugh wryly that he survived the sinking of the submarine only to possibly die upon sinking again in the rescue. Finally the vehicle, although the sailors above decide to pump compressed air into the rescue bell to lighten it, then, very carefully, the bell is lifted by hand. Dozens of sailors struggle with the steel cable, lifting the bell inch by inch from the bottom. The bottom of the sea, four hours later, the Bell is finally on the surface. A Navy Tribunal investigation concluded that a mechanical malfunction doomed the ship, but exonerated the squalus' crew and singled out Captain Naquin for his outstanding leadership during the crisis. 26 men in total died that day, but 33 survived and many continued to serve aboard submarines where four would die in action during World War II.

They have spent days trapped in the darkness deep in a mountain the rain falls in torrents outside which, Without you knowing it, it could mean the end sooner than you think Your friends are quiet and all you can What you hear now is the dripping of water on the walls of the cave. You are exhausted, hungry, huddled with your friends on a shelf in the cave where the flood water has not yet reached, but you are aware that it could rise at any moment and the thought. What horrifies you, what you don't know is that the media and the public of the world hope and pray that you come out alive, pray that you are actually still alive, you snuggle up to your friend to stay warm, you stay still To conserve energy, you pray. for Rescuers voices from the dark abyss But as time goes by you start to lose hope this is the story of the Thai children trapped in a cave one of the most encouraging and fascinating

stories

that people from all over the world followed from beginning to end It is a story of heroism, courage and global collaboration, it is already a rescue epic in the annuals of

true

survival

stories

.

Those kids were trapped for 18 days and you might be wondering how they survived and how they got out. We'll start from the beginning. It was June 23rd. 2018 one of the boys' birthday he just turned 17 at home a SpongeBob birthday cake awaits him but he will never see that cake he is one of the older boys on a soccer team called the wild boars the rest of the team had between 11 and 16 years old. There were 12 boys in total and their coach, a 25-year-old named Aki, the team had been practicing that day in his village in Chiangurai province in northern Thailand.

This is a beautiful part of the world with endless possibilities. Rice fields, jungle-covered mountains but also incredibly dangerous caves. It's rainy season in northern Thailand and when it rains, it really pours in a matter of minutes. Streets may flood. Paddy fields are drowning in water and those living in the area are well aware of the dangers of such downpours. but the children, in their excitement after practice, wanted adventure and that led them to take their bicycles through the rice fields and up the mountain, there was one of their favorite places, the Tom Luong cave complex. Flex, they liked nothing more than entering its depths. and explore, but this was not a day to explore, usually during the rainy season, the cave is a prohibited area due to the fact that heavy rain can fill the cave with water.

The kids didn't care or didn't know and parked their bikes and went in, it wasn't like they hadn't done this before in the past, they had walked up to five miles in the dark with just cheap flashlights and it was kind of a challenge for them. , an initiation, this day was no different and like before they not only left their bikes but also their backpacks, the parents of the birthday boy meanwhile were waiting at home and it became darker and darker, something was wrong, the parents did not know that the team had ventured very far into this huge cave. the fourth largest cave complex in the country, if you translate its full Thai name into English, it reads as the great cave and water source of the Sleeping Lady Mountain.

The Sleeping Lady was known to have eaten people in the past, explorers who had come in and never come out. An expat guide working in Thailand later told ABC that the cave was muddy and water moved quickly through it on days of heavy rain, even the most experienced cavers did not go near it, so We have a group of children who have walked a lot inside. the cave and outside An almighty storm broke out as darkness fell and the rains came harder the parents talked about how some of the children had discussed going to the cave now there was panic and that the panic turned into intense fear when the parents They went to the cave entrance and saw their children's bikes and bags inside the cave, the children now knew they were in trouble.

Not only was it raining outside, but it had been falling for days and days, suddenly they found themselves surrounded by water. growing, a flash flood that seemed to have occurred right around them, their trainer told them: "Go fight, get out of here now or we are going to drown." which generally remained dry, nicknamed Pattaya Beach, but even when it flooded, it was also his favorite place. They eventually managed to find a shelf where they could sit. Maybe they thought the water would recede, but it didn't and they sat there without food for 18 days. They had flashlights but they were told to only use them once in a while it was no time to be afraid of the dark Aki the trainer made an attempt to swim through the water but soon swam back it was stay or die they used rocks to make the shelf more high to stay away from the water in the total darkness, the coach told the worried boys that the only thing they could do now was to stay calm, he had been a monk in the past and told the boys a way to achieve this.

Through this was thinking of nothing empty, the Mind meditated and that is what they did. They were also very lucky because although the body can go long periods of time without food, water is necessary, they did not have to resort to drinking the cloudy water on the ground because clean, natural water dripped down the walls of the cave they had enough air Because of the poorer limestone rocks and cracks, although they didn't know that the oxygen level would get lower and lower, they could survive, but for how long, okay, he later told the media. I tried not to tell the children that we We were trapped in the cave.

I only told them one possible positive and that was it, they sat there and prayed and meditated and stayed calm, if not hungry as hell, outside the cave, a rescue operation involving people. around the world was happening in a matter of days, there was hardly a news channel that was not following this operation. Thai police government agencies and the Thai Navy Seals were there and unfortunately one of those Navy Seals would later die in the water. One problem is the complex. It was so huge and the kids could have been anywhere in that cave. Fortunately, a child who didn't go that day told the parents and rescuers that they would like to go to a place called Pattaya Beach, where some divers from several countries were converted.

Even from the UK, USA, Australia and China, all working with the linked divers, many more experts from around the world also participated. He was one of the British divers who made the first contact and a scene that brought tears to tears was recorded on video. of many people later, one of these divers told the BBC wherever there is airspace, we surface we scream, we smell, we smell the children before we see or hear them and then they begin to communicate with the children. The Brit asks how many of you the boy shouted. back 13 to which he responded great, everyone was alive, a lot of people are coming, the diver said, we are the first, hilariously, one of the boys then shouted what day it is, they didn't know the day very well, but they told the boys that they had been We were in the cave for 10 days.

What they did know was that they were in the dark with no idea how much time had passed. You were very strong. Shout to the diver. It was amazing to see those little kids hanging together on that life-saving rack. The divers. Then I swam to them using a line and when they arrived one of the children said: we are very happy, almost as if he had learned the line in school, the diver replied: we are happy too and when the world found out about this it felt like He had been blessed with good news, at last the ties smiled,that day he celebrated after days of saying Susu, which translates to fight, fight, the boys had fought and won well, they almost even had the opportunity to write on paper to their parents with most of the boys. saying that they loved their mom and dad and not to worry, they were fine, the parents responded saying they loved them, they had a special message for Aki who had written to the parents telling them how much she regretted taking their children to the cave. the parents wrote to the moms and dads none of them are mad at you you went in with them and you should go out with them too but a new problem quickly arose and it seems the kids were still not out of trouble not for long. in fact, you will see that they were found on the 10th and, as you know, they did not come out until several days later.

The cavers who found them belonged to the British Cave Rescue Council and were joined by French and Belgian caving experts. They are some of the best cavers in the world, they had literally risked their lives to find the children and as you know a Thai Navy SEAL would lose his life, it was a dangerous cave system and could claim more lives, so how hell were there a lot? of children without equipment were supposed to return to land, it was about four kilometers of extremely dangerous diving and the rain was still falling outside, it was by no means a certainty that the children would make it and again the public parade at that time the search was over. getting stuck was too dangerous as the rains were too heavy again, people all over Thailand did not join together in prayer and in their heads they said those words Susu, but now the result did not look good, the boys only wanted one thing besides If they were rescued, they wanted food.

They asked for pad krapow, which is rice with fried meat, chili peppers and basil leaves. Unfortunately, the only thing they were given was a liquid diet full of vitamins because the doctor said that was what they needed, not a spicy dish with a lot of Al. At least one of the children was able to celebrate his birthday with some hope. One of the boy's mothers told the press that the Navy SEAL had practiced for so long and was very strong, but he also died. How about a kid who's never scuba-dived before? He was absolutely right. Tech wizard Elon Musk even offered to help saying his engineers at SpaceX and the boring company would create a pot to get the kids out, but a capsule simply wouldn't work in such cramped conditions that rescue.

It stopped for the moment, but then the bad news came, more heavy rains would come and if the children were not taken out soon they would be flooded and die in the cave. It was then agreed that five Thai Navy Seals and 18 foreign divers would lead the effort, he said. The weakest boy should go out first, but Aki said that everyone was fine, no one was really weak, since it happened that the boys who volunteered first would go first. Aki actually said that the kids who lived furthest away could go first since they had the longest distance to cycle.

At home, he really had no idea that the world was watching them, that thousands of people were outside that cave. The British divers who found the boys led the operation with many other divers following them and many tethered divers waiting at checkpoints for the boys to pass through. He couldn't panic, it was decided that they should receive anesthesia, so a doctor also accompanied them to take them out. They first had to dress them in a wetsuit and then put a full face oxygen mask on their heads. They also wore a flotation jacket. After the anesthesia they were unconscious and now it was about getting them out the problem was or one of the many problems was that the child would only remain unconscious for 45 minutes so the divers had to be trained by the doctor and how to give them anesthetic, the trip of The return took hours and was fraught with danger at the type 1 points, the children had to be pushed forcefully through the cracks, but the whole time the divers had to be very careful not to let anything take off their masks, The divers also held their heads. high so if something hit a rock it would hit them first, we don't have to tell them the visibility was very poor when they got to a dry section they had to be dragged on a stretcher their masks were taken off and then put back on to be placed when it was Back to another flooded section, pulley and chain systems were used to pull them through the sand and they had to be carefully transported over the rocks.

It was a chain operation that involved hundreds of people. On July 10, the last four children were brought to Great Applause outside the cave. It was reported that, while some children had suffered minor scratches, surprisingly all were in good condition, the average weight loss being 4.4 pounds, which is not that much for 18 days with nothing but water, they had to be quarantined because it was thought they might have contracted dangerous infections, but they were fine, although it was a little sad to see photos of their parents waving at them through the walls of glass. They didn't hug yet for a while.

The children also had to wear sunglasses since so much time in the dark made their lives difficult. eyes very sensitive to light people tried to blame the coach for entering the cave during the Reigns a British diver soon responded saying that no one is to blame neither the coach nor the boys they were just very unlucky it wasn't just the rain that day the mountain is like a sponge and the water from the previous rain was rising levels, the coach himself after the rescue said: I would like to express my gratitude to the people from all over the world, officials and volunteers who came to help us, we promised that we will be good . citizens to society one of the children who was rescued was called Titan and he said this I was very happy to see my father and mother I feel warmer I was very happy I cried we believe that quite a few tears were shed throughout the world when those children are Home safe and sound Since then the wild boars have traveled all over the world and performed on talk shows here and there many people won awards for their efforts during the rescue and well it's just a feel good story about a movie which will be coming out soon this is called The Cave, the date is April 11, 1970 and outside the Kennedy Space Center three men sit on millions of pounds of explosive fuel.

American astronauts James a Lovell Jr T Kenneth Mattingly II and Fred w Hayes Jr have been safely sealed in the crew module. from their Saturn rocket 45 minutes ago and have spent that time strapped in their seats waiting for the long list of final checks required before the launch command is given; The final flight check gets the go-ahead from dozens of different department heads, whose job it is to ensure a successful launch, and at 2:13 p.m. ETThe massive Saturn rocket comes to life, nearly 5 million pounds of fuel ignites, and the mighty Saturn slowly rises from the launch pad, gradually increasing speed just as the crew is already breaking the sound barrier by roaring toward The rocket is a multi-stage vehicle that conserves fuel by gradually ditching the Spence stage and thus reducing the total mass that needs to be launched into orbit.

This allows Saturn to achieve the fuel efficiency needed to carry significant payloads like those on Apollo. the spacecraft is put into orbit but is not without risks according to the plan the first stage burns for 2 minutes and 41 seconds firing the rocket to an altitude of 42 miles at a speed of 6164 miles per hour at that point the explosive separators would deactivate the first stage of the second stage shedding tens of thousands of pounds of dead weight the second stage is five engines that would then come to life accelerating the spacecraft for six minutes to an altitude of 109 miles and 15,647 miles per hour, which is almost the orbital speed or the speed needed for an object to remain in orbit, then the second stage would separate and the third stage would fire to put the spacecraft into a parking orbit around Earth, at which point the command and service module Apollo would separate from the third stage, turn around and dock with the lunar module that was secured just below the CSM during launch, and extract the lunar module from the spent third stage, all of which required an

incredible

amount of careful engineering and millions of dollars. of moving parts, anything could go wrong at any time for the Apollo 13 astronauts, although those first seconds after engine ignition were the most terrifying, as All Aboard knew that if the engines failed while they were still just a few meters off the ground, the entire rocket would crash and the millions of pounds of fuel—in fact, the fuel-filled Saturn vehicle could release energy equivalent to two kilotons of TNT if it failed on liftoff—giving the astronauts on board no chance. to survive, but today the rocket seems to be working fine and within moments the crew is breaking up. breaking the sound barrier and accelerating toward first stage separation, nearly three minutes later the crew hears the explosive beams fire as the first stage successfully lifts off and a moment later are returned to their seats as the second stage's five engines stage fire carrying a much smaller payload, the engines rapidly accelerate the spacecraft slamming the astronauts into their seats, but in what would prove to be a precursor to the doomed Mission, the core engine suddenly shuts down as alarms sound. both on the ground in Mission Control and inside the Command Module, unbeknownst to the engineers on the ground, and the astronauts aboard the flight computer have automatically shut down the engine due to various oscillations caused by uneven combustion of that engine's fuel, if left unchecked, uneven thrust could produce even more severe oscillations that could directly lead to mechanical damage and possibly total destruction of the engine.

Fortunately for the crew, though the computer detected the pending problem and shut down the engine just in time, but even more fortunately for the crew. The affected engine is the center engine if there had been one. Of the four outboard engines, the spacecraft could have gone out of control at the speeds at which Apollo now travels through the atmosphere, which would have ended in certain death, as wind resistance tore the spacecraft apart. to compensate for the loss of the central engine that the computer remaps. its flight profile and burns all four outboard engines longer than planned as the second stage separates and is discarded the third stage is single engine It also burns longer than originally planned to compensate for the loss of the engine in the second stage and although fuel margins are incredibly tight, fortunately the spacecraft has enough fuel to compensate for the Emergency.

More than a hundred miles above Earth, the spacecraft is now in a parking orbit and the crew is performing checks of the system and prepares for its burn window to send them to the moon when some final occurs. Checks give the go-ahead on both the spacecraft and the ground. The third stage begins its translunar injection burn. After a successful burn places Apollo in a non-free return orbit to the Moon, meaning the spacecraft will not simply pass by the moon and Upon being returned to Earth, the Command Module separates from the third stage and, as planned, orbits the dock mounted with the lunar module which is then released from the third stage moments later, the Command Module does a small burn to alter its own trajectory, the original transluter.

The injection burn has put the third stage directly on a collision course with the Moon as part of an experiment NASA plans to conduct. The third stage is planned to impact just a few kilometers from where Apollo 12 had deployed the seismometers with the resulting seismic shock giving NASA scientists insight into the internal structure of the Moon. Astronauts are now safely on their way to the Moon and livestreaming it to the world below. After their brief television broadcast, the astronauts removed their heavy pressure suits and prepared for the long three-day journey. to the Moon, its objective from tomorrow is the Highlands, a region fraught with danger, as it is quite mountainous, which will make landing a challenge, but the site promises to contain a treasure trove of geological data, as it is full of debris ejected by the impact that formed the enormous mare imbrium lava reproduces the remains of one of the largest creators discovered in the solar system and the iconic great dark spot visible to us every night on the face of themoon. 30 hours into their flight, the astronauts fire up the command module's engines for a short half. course correction to fine-tune its final orbit around the Moon everything remains well aboard the spacecraft and on the ground all systems are green the historic mission will be the success that all previous US moon landings have had date 56 Hours into the Apollo 13 mission, it is 205,000 miles from Earth.

The astronauts have just finished a live television broadcast and are putting away equipment when flight controllers ask command module pilot John L. Swigert to turn it on. stirring fans inside the hydrogen and oxygen tanks in the service module, which would help them get even more accurate readings of their levels, two minutes later a large explosion occurs and electrical power inside the command module begins to fluctuate violently, while outside the spacecraft the attitude control thrusters fire briefly and what has become the second most famous words ever spoken in the space radio house Swigert saying Houston we have a power problem Power is slowly draining from the service module and oxygen tank number two says completely empty.

The astronauts are confused and initially think they may have been hit by a micro meteorite without realizing that one of the oxygen tanks has exploded in the floor. NASA technicians and engineers have been called to Mission Control from their homes and offices. The situation already seems serious. Three minutes later, two more fuel cells fail, plunging power levels in the service module. at critically low levels outside the window astronaut James Lovell can see the spacecraft is venting gas into space probably oxygen for the next two hours the main oxygen tank also runs out until it finally empties the crew is in serious trouble and desperately needs a way back home Senior flight director Gene Krantz officially orders a mission board and engineers on the ground begin scrambling to find a way to provide enough power to the remaining fuel cells to save lives. of the astronauts with the service module that was intended to return the crew to Earth. out of order flight Engineers resort to an abort plan originally drawn up in 1966 but never implemented or even tested, the crew will completely shut down all systems aboard the command module and move to the cramped lunar module that then use it as a lifeboat to take them back to Earth designed for only two astronauts the trip will not be comfortable for the three-man crew but it is the only chance the crew has to return home safely, although the original plan for an abortion he had requested to completely get rid of the lunar module and burn the command module engines at exactly 60 flight hours to achieve a free return lunar flyby;

However, the crew would die without the lunar module, so the planned burn is scrapped. With the lunar sphere of gravitational influence just hours away, flight light planners have to work fast to find a way to carry the crew home using the lunar module, but there is also another critical problem to solve: the lunar module was designed to sustain two people for one day and half not three people for four days as is needed now for the spacecraft to still carry plenty of oxygen, as the lunar module had to be re-pressurized after each Eva on the moon's surface, but lithium hydroxide, which is critical for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, is in short supply, Most of the lunar module's lithium hydroxide canisters are stored in the Descent stage and out of reach of astronauts, who cannot drive a space wand to retrieve them.

If a solution is not found quickly, the crew will suffocate long before returning to Earth. The module has enough reserves of lithium hydroxide to safely clean the crew's air supply, but the cm's canisters are cube-shaped and the lunar module's plugs are cylindrical as NASA engineers launch into a shower of ideas to find a solution that the flight control works to find a safer turn. trajectory of the affected spacecraft Flight director Kranz orders a crew to burn the descent engines of the lunar module for 30 seconds, this will allow the spacecraft to rotate around the moon and be thrown back to Earth and after a second burn on the far side of the Apollo Moon. 13 would be en route to a splashdown in the South Pacific, but if the crew can't breathe, all the US Navy would be recovering from a spacecraft are three perfectly preserved corpses inside Mission Control.

NASA engineers are working furiously to find solutions to the lithium hydroxide problem. By gathering a stockpile of all the materials available to the astronauts themselves with just a few hours of clean air, an ingenious solution is found. The crew was ordered to cut the air hoses off one of their spacesuits using Velcro tape and other things and turning it into an adapter. For the Command Module's cube-shaped lithium hydroxide canisters, to everyone's relief, the improvised solution works brilliantly and, at last, the Apollo 13 crew sees some real hope of returning to Earth safely. , but the crew is not out of the woods yet to conserve.

Very limited power supplies, most of the lunar module's systems and all of the command modules' computers have been shut down, this means temperature control as well and the drop in temperature makes the crew shiver even more dangerously, although the Condensation has begun to form inside the affected person. spacecraft and there are serious concerns that when the command module is powered on it will cause catastrophic electrical shorts which will add to the astronaut's worries. The command module was never designed to shut down completely in flight and then restart when time is up and the power is too high. levels low for a normal power-up routine, flight controller John Aaron and astronaut Kenneth Mattingly, who was originally supposed to be on board, work with engineers to find a way to restart the power-hungry command module with the With limited power supply available, working tirelessly and without sleep, the ground team manages to find a way to restart the CM systems while avoiding unnecessary power outages with Earth in their sights and re-entering just a few hours away.

The Apollo 13 crew begins powering up the cm according to Houston's very careful instructions. Earth, the ground crew holds their breath as Apollo 13's systems come back online one by one and then erupt into cheers as the command module comes fully to life, but as Earth looms large before the astronauts, it remains A final challenge: the lunar module must be safely separated. from the command module before reentry or both vehicles will burn up in the atmosphere, usually the service module's reaction control system would fire a small series of thrusters to gently move away from the undocked lunar module, but the power failure left the RC system. inoperable and the now useless service module was going to be released before the lunar module, anyway on the ground NASA engineers together with their counterparts at the University of Toronto conclude that the only way to separate the command module from the module The lunar module would be to pressurize the tunnel that connects the two just before separation and once separated, the rush of gases vented into space would push the lunar module, but the ground team has to carefully calculate the exact pressure required to do so. , as too much pressure will damage the command module hatch and seal. which would lead the astronauts to burn up in the atmosphere, too low a pressure would not push the lunar module far enough, putting the two spacecraft at risk of collision during reentry using only slide rules and with six hours before reentry to atmosphere, the ground team led by Bernard Etkin worked furiously on their calculations with an hour left, the exact figure is radioed to Apollo 13 and the astronauts seal the command module hatch by venting oxygen into the tunnel that connects them to the lunar module astronauts hold their breath as they prepare to undock knowing that if the calculations are incorrect, they are certainly dead men and with no way to avoid re-entry into the atmosphere they will have a lot of time to think about their certain death, finally the lunar module is undocked and with a hiss of escaping air, the vented oxygen successfully pushes the lunar module to a safe distance.

Apollo 13 would land just southeast of American Samoa in the South Pacific, easily the most harrowing mission ever undertaken in manned space. The flight of Apollo 13 may have been a technical failure, but it was a complete success in testing ingenuity and humanity's determination in the face of incredible odds and adversity, more than a successful mission could ever have demonstrated. Apollo 13 showed that humanity really has what it takes to be bold. moving into space, something so vital to our shared future, even if, sadly, just a few years later, the United States and other nations of the world would seemingly lose all interest in revisiting the celestial bodies above us.