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History of Chess - From the origins of chess (Chaturanga) to the greatest Chess World Champions

Nov 17, 2020
Although we know for a fact that India was the birthplace of the ancient game of

chess

, it is difficult to date this discovery. Chaturanga flourished in northwestern India in the 7th century and is considered the first precursor of modern

chess

, unlike other games. known at that time

chaturanga

was unique each piece on the board had different moves and rules and victory was based on capturing a piece the king however those were the only rules that resembled modern chess according to some historians

chaturanga

was played with dice and according to others it was played by more than two players at a time the word chaturanga derives from Sanskrit and means a battle formation involving specific types of troops infantry cavalry elephants and charity it seems indisputable that over the course of

history

those pieces on the board have simply It changed its name and form according to the areas where the game was played and today those four troops are porn infantry knights cavalry bishops elephant rooks chariots within a few decades of its invention chaturanga began to spread in all directions of the

world

thanks to merchants and merchants Who traveled on business from India to Persia, China and the modern Southeast Asian region of China, Chaturanga began to be played along the lines rather than the squares of the board.
history of chess   from the origins of chess chaturanga to the greatest chess world champions
Modern chess is still played this way in some rural areas, on the other hand, in Persia and in the Arab

world

chess has been very well received by the noble class and soon evolved into what is today the game of chess. modern. A new piece was added, the counselor or virzan as he used to be called in the era that will later be ours. the modern queen the most valuable piece after the king was also in this period the name changed from chaturanga to chatranj due to a mispronunciation by the inhabitants of ancient persia the merit of having introduced chess to the western world without a doubt It is from the Arabs, who after conquering Persia recommended spreading the game throughout the newly formed caliphate, from Persia to modern Tunisia, throughout Saudi Arabia and Egypt, the entire Muslim world was entertained with this new game that was so fun but So defiant, Chatranj finally reached Europe when the southern part of Spain and part of Sicily were conquered by the Caliphate in the 11th century.
history of chess   from the origins of chess chaturanga to the greatest chess world champions

More Interesting Facts About,

history of chess from the origins of chess chaturanga to the greatest chess world champions...

Chess was introduced to Europe under the name Shah, a Persian word for king, as the Arab world used to call it. The word Shah has been remodulated and mispronounced in different regions. Italian in French shakun in Dutch shach in German and so on in many other languages ​​different ways of pronouncing and spelling the same great name that soon became popular among Europeans and chess had a similar fate also in Russia, where it was introduced approximately in the year 100 directly from the Arab merchants of the caliphate, it became extremely popular among all social classes, in addition, the chess board began to be colored adopting the typical black and white pieces and squares, along with the growth of popularity, the Chess provoked different widespread reactions in several European countries around the 13th century.
history of chess   from the origins of chess chaturanga to the greatest chess world champions
The church and some monarchs feared the widespread growth of chess among the lower classes, where several murders had been linked to fighting chess players, as it was an opportunity to bet on the outcome of a game even though the king of France He was trying to ban chess. In France, due to the game's association with games of chance, the popularity of chess was unstoppable and any attempt to stop it was in vain; On the contrary, intellectuals in Europe were enchanted by the game and promoted it to the point that playing chess regularly became essential. requirement for the upper classes or high military officers the main sponsors of the game in Europe became the royal family of England and the monarchies of Spain and Russia soon chess became synonymous with royalty, power and wealth in the 14th century the rules of chess continue to change and To take a closer look at what the game of chess appears to be like today, for example, the advisor was replaced by the one-square move queen, renamed queen since she started next to the king and to To increase the speed of the game the pawns were allowed to move. two squares as the first move thanks to this amendment, the pawns were in a position to collide and capture earlier, accelerating the central action of the game;
history of chess   from the origins of chess chaturanga to the greatest chess world champions
However, if a pawn was closer to an opposing pawn, moving two squares later was not allowed, so this problem was solved by introducing the rule of passage and each piece began to be clearly distinguished from others on the boards. chess played by Arabs the pieces usually had minor features to distinguish them from each other and could have been quite confusing the Europeans replaced the elephants with a piece shaped like a bishop the pawns were reduced in size and the king eventually wore a crown in the late 19th century 16th century most modern rules were widely unified and accepted, among others, the queen became the same size as the king and was given full power to move in any direction as much as the player wanted this rule was described by many such as the mad queen rule which soon became widely accepted throughout the chess world the first professional chess player is usually identified as giocino greco an italian player who theorized and codified the chess strategy followed by francois andrei danica philidor a french player which compiled an analysis of chess a bestselling book printed and sold in several countries another important milestone for the game of chess is represented by the london tournament held in 1851 not only is this tournament considered the first professional event in the

history

of chess but It also had a new feature in chess playing time, as some players were taking too long to make moves in the London tournament, the need arose to adopt a pendulum or an hourglass to ensure that a game could be played.
It will be played and decided within a reasonable time limit indirectly, the loss in time rule was also adopted, and by the way, chess lovers will also remember this tournament for one of the most epic games played between Anderson and Kizuritsky, the immortal game for those interested in watching the game, I link in the description the immortal game video from the agat mehta channel, let me know what you think about that game by commenting below and don't forget to like this video and subscribe to his channel also meanwhile in the united states of america one of the

greatest

chess legends had already been born and was ready to take over the entire chess scene around the world paul charles murphy from new orleans a chess prodigy from a wealthy family morphy learned chess on his own by watching other people's games after impressive victories as a teenager against chess masters Morphy was invited to play at the first American Chess Congress in New York at the age of 20 Morphy became the states champion united defeating all his rivals in the tournament however to be recognized as the best player in the world morphy needed to obtain such success and praise also in europe that at that time he had the best players in the world upon his arrival in europe morphe played and destroyed Every player in London and in Paris including Anderson as mentioned before the winner of the immortal game and recognized as the best player in the world at that time, only 21 years old.
Morphy was widely recognized around the world as the

greatest

player who ever lived. He had never officially received the title of world champion since the world

champions

hip was organized only a few decades later. Commentators recognized Murphy as the first world chess champion and possibly one of the greatest offensive players in chess history. He retired from chess a few years later. Morphy died still young at the age of 47. Rest in peace. Legend to see an official chess. World champion had to wait until 1886 when the world

champions

hip organized in the United States was won by the German Wilhelm Steinitz against Johannes Zuckertourt.
Eight years later, the world champion crown passed from a German to a German. Surprisingly, Emmanuel Laska won the title against Steinitz in 1894. It was 23 years before another chess prodigy and Cuban chess legend could end the German reign. Raúl won the world championship in 1921 defeating Laska in Havana. Kappa Blanca's reign in Cuba ended in 1927 when Alexander Alekhine surprisingly won the world champion title in Buenos Aires. airs the surprise came since alekhine had never won a match against capoblanca until the world championship supposedly due to alcoholism alekhine lost the title in 1935 against the dutch max ue to regain the title of world champion in 1935 until 1946 when he died in mysterious circumstances since The title was vacant, the 1948 world chess championship organized in The Hague and Moscow was a five-player contest, Mikhail Botfinik convincingly won the tournament becoming the sixth world champion in chess history and the first Russian Alekhine played under the French flag when he won the title of world champion To achieve such an incredible achievement Botvinnik's reign lasted until 1963 despite temporarily losing his title twice The first defeat occurred against Vasily Smithloff in 1957 to regain the title in 1958 The second defeat was Against Mikhail Tal another legend from the chess universe What made Tao one of the greatest players in chess history was his attacking style combined with pure genius and creativity on the board.
He was born in Riga, then part of the Soviet Union. He was also often called the Wizard of Riga due to the unique playing style of him. Among his most famous quotes, chess, above all, is art, thanks to the magician and may the legend also rest in peace, after defeating Tau in the rematch and becoming world champion again, Botvinnik lost his title against Tigran Patrocian , another russian player known for his defensive style in 1969, boris spassky. another formidable member of the Russian school became world champion defeating petrosian however the name of boris spassky is often associated with another chess tournament we are talking about the historic 1972 world championship when sprassky played against bobby fisher considered by many chess enthusiasts and experts chess as the best chess player in the history of chess per se, the tournament was not expected to be very exciting from a purely technical perspective, fischer was much better than spassky and the result was too easy to predict, however, in the height of the cold war between the two superpowers an american chess player was challenging a russian world champion a man from chicago dared to step onto the russian turf and challenge them to what they were better at in the match of the century as the media changed the name This world championship tournament was by far the most broadcast chess event in the history of chess and for the first time since Paul Morphy another American chess player made sure that every US newspaper mentioned the word chess on the July front page.
In September 1972 the world's attention was on that board located in Reykjavik where Fischer became the eleventh world chess champion as largely expected to describe to non-chess players what Bobby Fischer represented for chess we can use the words of another chess legend it is difficult to play against einstein's theory mikhail tal after his first defeat to fisher fisher's beautiful chess and his immortal games will forever remain a central pillar in the history of our game gary kasparov on the death of bobby fischer thank you bobby and rest in peace you too legend due to bobby fischer's refusal to defend his title anatoly karpov became world champion by default in 1975 and held the honor until 1985, when 22-year-old gary kasparov, He won the world chess championship in Moscow.
In the following years, Kasparov retained the title against Karpov, who was defeated five times in a row as he began a journey that ended up crowning Kasparov as one of the top three chess players of all time by many chess enthusiasts. Kasparov was even challenged by an IBM team to play a super computer called Deep Blue even though he won the first match 4-2, unfortunately Kasparov lost the rematch the following year, however in 2000, Kasparov was subsequently defeated by one of its scholars, Vladimir Kramnik, once again a Russian was in the highest place in the chess universe and that place was consolidated in 2006 when FIDE, the international chess federation, decided to reunify world chess.
The champion title in 2007, the title of undisputed world champion was awarded to Viswanathan Anand, becoming the first Indian to win such a title, considered one of the best players in the rapid and blitz specialties, the lightning boy, like other players of chess used to define him from his young age due to his incomparable speed in front of the board.chess, he was forced to become the player with the highest elo rating in chess history in 2013. magnus carlsen, among other records, carlson, a legend in the making, not only achieved the highest elo rating in history, equal to 2882 in classical chess, but was also simultaneous world champion of classical rapid and blitz chess twice in 2014 and 2019 after defeating Anand again in the 2014 world champion's rematch.
Carlson retained his title in 2016 and, more recently, in 2018 in London, his star seems to be getting brighter. and brighter year after year with incredible victories regardless of whether the match is played under classic blitz or quick time rules if there is a candidate who will finally eclipse fischer kasparov and other legends as the greatest and brightest player in the history of chess , every chess expert would bet on the Norwegian who is the greatest among the greats, it is difficult and many times the reasons for the choice are personal, we cannot forget that chess is partly an art and like all art, what a person feels in front of to some games played by morphe or tao o Some moves made by Kasparov or Fisher are simply unique and private.
A rational method has been implemented to understand which player made the least mistakes during his career based on computerized systems, but once again we do not believe that chess can simply be coldly analyzed by particular engines. For games played in different periods there are always other factors that can interrupt the process. I guess we have reached the end of our wonderful journey using Karpov's word this combination of art, science and sport called chess represents one of the most enchanting journeys a man can experience. It was not our intention to discuss famous games played in history or teach chess.
There are other great YouTube channels to make. We just wanted to tell you a story, an incredible story of how a board with 64 squares and 32 pieces can bring the world together and make it speak a universal language. Chess. We hope you enjoyed it. See you next week in the meantime. Please comment, subscribe below and turn on your alerts, see you soon.

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