4th Industrial Revolution: A New Era for Cities and Societies

good afternoon, how are you all? We are excited to be in Barcelona, ​​yes, one of my favorite

cities

in the world, so I am very excited that you all are here today because we have an incredible panel, we have two incredible keynote speakers. how popular the Smart City Expo is, it's the third day and everyone is still very excited. Everyone wants to come, talk and share their best models, their best practices. What we are trying to do here is also be able to learn from each other. The other is to be able to say, you know, next year or next decade, what we really learned, what we can really do, what didn't work, because it's very important for us to understand what doesn't work so that we can. learning from the mistakes of others my Grandma always said with a Light no one gets lost that means that with a little light we can really find our way and for the light that knowledge that information is so important and within that the information has created a whole fourth Industrial Revolution, which is what our panel and our keynote speakers will be addressing today, so let's see if we have a little time at the end.

I know our moderator will be the one leading the panel on questions and we'll try to have a discussion on some questions and hopefully some great answers, but make sure you connect with the people here and make sure you can get their information via email. I know that within the exhibition everyone can reach me, so make sure that I always tell all my staff and all my teams if you don't do it, if you go to a dinner, if you go to an event and you don't come back with the least 20 cards, so I don't know what you were doing, so it's important for us to be able to connect and make sure that we all get back to learning from each other.

Today we will know it when we talk about the fourth

revolution

we have been through. We are experiencing a lot of

revolution

s and I like to call it our innovation revolution in a way because communication information data today is valuable and can create as many significant changes at the same time as certain challenges could create, right? Not all information is used in the best and most appropriate way. I'm very, you know, very proud of the fact that the EU has been able to look at the GD P R and have started that path towards understanding what our rights are as citizens. , our rights to privacy and our rights to our own data at the same time.

Time we have to discover not to regulate excessively, not to create more obstacles, but to be able to create ecosystems so that the private sector and the public sector come together and work together to create more entrepreneurship. I'll give you a little bit of an example. I used to work for President Barack Obama and we came in during the worst recession we've had in over a hundred years and we came into a government that had legacy systems in a government that was really trying to figure out find better ways to help people. small businesses to help communities come together and be able to create better more businesses 50 more than 50 percent of the jobs that were created came from small businesses came from ideas came from innovation and when You know, one of the first things What the president did was the creation of open data, open data, open government, this creates the flow of information that we used to think was top secret, this flow of information could be used to create the collaborative economy it could be used to create, you know , distribution systems that were more efficient.

I was able to create financial mechanisms where people could actually make money, distribute money to, you know, all the developing countries, the modern countries and everything, so the policies are fine, what we do. learning from each other today can create strong policies or they can create bad policies and I always think that from a data perspective we have to be able to use data in the best way to create better tools for our electorate, so that they know many of the policies that What we did and tried to do creates a lot of momentum, especially job growth and growing innovation, so I just want to leave you with that idea that when we balance policy and entrepreneurship and in projects, corporate projects and everything, We always believe and we must always remember that the citizen is at the center the citizen is the core of our environment of our

cities

and we may have to plan for them we have to make sure that they are not forgotten that they are not marginalized that they are constantly behind our heads because this is who we serve and that's what we serve in the business community and in the public community, so it's very, very important that we can all keep that in mind.

I'm going to briefly introduce our The first speaker is Sasha Constanza Chuck, she is an associate professor at MIT in Boston. Yes, Boston. I used to live in Boston. I am very excited about Sasha. She is an associate professor of civic media at MIT and an associate professor at the Berkman Keith Center for the Internet. and Society at Harvard University, and his work focuses on social movements, transformative media, and justice in design, and justice in design is key because his book called Design Justice will be published by MIT Press in February. 20 to 20, so hopefully we'll all be able to read it. and she's giving us a little preview of that book, I'm so excited to have her here, please, Sasha, come and thank us.

It was a wonderful presence, to the best of your knowledge, thank you Natalia, host, axion, estin, sofa opponent, can you hear me? Yes, that's fine, so thank you. for having me here, I'm very excited to be here and present some of this work. Today I'm going to talk a little bit about design fairness and introduce the concept of smart enough cities, which is a book. by Ben Green and delve a little bit into the work that I and many colleagues have been doing, but I wanted to start, you know, in case not everyone is familiar with it, the framework of this panel is around the fourth Industrial Revolution , so If I thought about it, I would start by quickly pointing out that that is the title of a book that was previously published as an essay by Klaus Schwab, founder and CEO of the World Economic Forum.

He published an article in 2015 and a book in 2017 that has been very influential and in that book you know that he talks about a new wave of transformation that is about linking the physical, the digital and the biological and he names or lists many technologies, including intelligence artificial, 3D printing, genetic modification, CRISPR and him. This goes on and on and I will be honest with you when you look at this work. If one of my MIT undergraduates came to me and presented this as a thesis, I would be skeptical because it is so broad that I find it very difficult. capturing the analytical buy to use it as a meaningful way of thinking about what we're facing, in other words, as a feminist scholar, writer, and thinker working in science and technology in the context of marginalized communities, I think.

We need to be specific and talk about particular contexts and particular bodies and how they are affected by particular technologies, so in a popular graphic for this text that is on the Salesforce blog we are all moving forward, you can see this image. of the fourth Industrial Revolution with a woman of color controlling, I guess, an airplane, a robot television, and a home speaker system from her smartphone or maybe she's being controlled by them and I think unintentionally, but maybe precisely , is standing on a giant representation of her carbon footprints. Not really, that's my interpretation of the image, so we need to think about the unintended consequences of the developments of these technologies and we need to think about the rhetoric and the discourse versus the realities, so if you take nothing else away from the talk that I'm giving right now, I would recommend that you read a book by Ben Green called The Smart Enough City is with MIT Press and in it Professor Green discusses the way that city managers, in collaboration with corporate suppliers, They make promises about automated decision-making systems or 80s that are often snake oil at best and actively harm the most marginalized communities not included in historical data sets at worst. that are used to train them, so he does think we need to implement city sensing technology etc., but he warns us and provides a number of excellent examples.

Similarly, Virginia Eubanks (this is the second item on her reading list) in her phenomenal and impressive book Automating Inequality, How High-Tech Tools Profile the Police and Punish the Poor, has done an extensive and scathing of the deployment of systems such as predictive policing and automated decision-making tools around access to social benefits in the US, context in which he argues that these ABS are being used largely to penalize those who already They are the most marginalized rather than simply making systems more efficient, which is what we all hope they do, but because I operate through a feminist analysis of science and technology I would like to base the conversation on a particular and specific example. , so I'm going to draw on my own lived experience as a transgender person, as a non-binary trans feminine person, in my process of getting here to the Smart City when I go through the airport security systems, so when I went to Logan Airport in Boston I went through the millimeter wave scanner like many of you probably did and then you stand there, you go into the device and you raise your hands, you know, above your head, that's right. this headset microphone is still working so listen to me so you know you put your hands up the thing spins around you and then the agent asks you to come closer and then if an anomaly has been detected they use their hands to touch the anomaly and, hopefully, then you'll be free to go, then, which many cisgender people and cisgender means people whose gender identity fits the sex you were assigned at birth, which many cisgender people don't know, but almost all transgender people and gender non-conforming who ever have.

What we've gone through in the millimeter wave scanner system is that when you enter these systems, the agent visually inspects you and decides whether they think you're a boy or a girl and presses a blue button for a girl or a boy and a button pink for a girl and then the system compares the millimeter wave resolution scan of her body to a statistical standard of what that body shape is supposed to look like and contain, in my case if the agent selects it thinks I'm Yes I'm a woman so they scan my body and I often get this beautiful yellow highlight around my groin area and then an agent puts their hands all over it and if I dress more masculine that day and they think I'm a man they press the button man button and in that case I highlight this area of ​​my body and then an agent palpates me and this happens because my body will always be marked as abnormal by the millimeter wave scanner due to the socio-particular situation. technical configuration of gender normativity or cyst normativity or the assumption that all people have a gender identity and presentation that conforms to the sex they were assigned at birth and that has been integrated into this scanner, has been integrated into the statistical models you are using and has been integrated into the TSA security protocol that agents use when making their decisions, so this is an example from my own lived experience of how the sociotechnical systems that are built around Modal norms systematically exclude and impose undue burdens on any member of the population.

That doesn't conform to those standards, so these airport security scanner systems not only single out trans and gender non-conforming people for additional and extremely invasive searching, but they also tend to especially single out black people whose hair often triggers systems that tend to single anyone out. who wear a headscarf, they tend to point out people with disabilities who can use devices to increase their mobility, they tend to point out older people, anyone who, for example, if they are incontinent and wear a diaper and a adult diaper, will probably be singled out for that, basically, so many people who don't fit into neatly packaged gender binary normative body types are being flagged by these systems every day and that's an example of what the science and technology scholar Langdon calls the politics of artifacts the ways in which normative ideas about how people are supposed to exist in the world are incorporated into sociotechnical systems and are therefore now reproduced.

It has been noted how these systems are biased against many different types of people, not just trans and gender non-conforming people. Written extensively by surveillance studies scholar Simone Brown in the brilliant book Dark Matter by her and a student I have been withWorking at the MIT Media Lab, Joy Bulam Weenie, has technically demonstrated how facial analysis systems are biased by both race and gender or technically by skin tone reflectance and facial structure and she demonstrated how part of her master's thesis is how facial analysis systems tend to perform worse on darker-skinned women of color than anyone else and that's an artifact of the way the data sets were constructed. the facial data sets that are collected and used to train systems and, in part thanks to his work, a number of those systems have improved on benchmarks, but I think a lot of people didn't really understand the fundamental idea of ​​his work, which is that all automated decision making support systems must be periodically evaluated by external evaluators using an intersectional feminist lens, meaning that they explore how the systems work not only in universalized average people but also how they perform specifically in subcategories For example, do they perform differently in women and men? perform differently in people with darker skin tones than in people with lighter skin tones and what happens when you do a grid analysis of how those things intersect, which is what she did when she demonstrated this technical bias.

Also, since this week was Transgender Day of Remembrance, I want to somehow share a moment of silence for Johanna Medina Leone and Ruksana Hernandez, both of whom are two Latina trans women who died in the custody of Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Ice in the United States after being detained trying to seek refuge due to the gender violence they suffered. They face in their home countries, but the ice of the Trump administration did not allow them to enter, they were detained and died in detention after they were denied access to the medications they need and I wanted to put them here on this screen because when I talk about me From my own personal experience going through airport security systems, I want to emphasize that my own white skin, my educational privilege, my access to resources as an MIT professor, protect me from some of the worst violence that people experience when they try to navigate border security systems. in general, because if you walk around the showroom you will find many companies selling border security systems that are supposed to provide better information through algorithmic systems that can use automated decision making to help immigration officials decide who let in and who not to let in and the most extreme example of this kind of thing is the Trump administration's recent decision to collect social media profiles of people applying for US visas, so if you have applied for one visa for the USA Recently in the USA this is going to happen to you and they issued a contract for companies to develop a system that helps them use social media profiles to ingest that information and then make a prediction about whether he would be a good immigrant or a bad immigrant. decision to bid for something that was roundly criticized by almost all academics working in the field of natural language processing saying that this is not something that can be done is not a useful approach to this question this is going to be harmful, We know that natural language processing is deeply discriminatory against different minority linguistic categories, etc., so it is not a good solution, but it is being sold and this is part of the deception that I also want to emphasize. that violence against gender non-conforming people is not a new problem or something that is only being instantiated through automated decision-making systems;

It's something that spread around the world during the era of European settler colonialism, so this is an image of Vasco Núñez de Balboa in 1513 had his dogs devour forty people of the third gender that he found in what is now Panama and who thought they were possessed by the devil because he saw them as men dressed as women when in reality they were people of the third gender who performed a particular social role and cultural function in their society, so the idea here is that long-standing historical patterns data of discrimination and violence based on gender, race, etc., unfortunately they are now being reproduced in automated decision-making systems that we are building. and sell partly because the data they are using is biased and partly because the systems are intended to enforce a particular worldview that has prevailed over a period of a few hundred years, but which does not reflect the totality of experience human. and epistemology, we can read more about this type of violence in books like Harsha Walia are doing on frontier imperialism and Ruja Benjamin's phenomenal book, Race after technology, in which she systematically explores the ways in which different types of technological design, even When they mean well, they often reproduce. racial discrimination and the legacy of hundreds of years of white supremacy and slavery, which is why she is a professor at Princeton.

I highly recommend this book, so after reading Ben: Smart Enough Green Cities and Virginia Eubanks Automating Inequality, you should read Race After Tech, it's phenomenal. book that will influence the entire conversation about many of the systems being sold here at the show today and I think the point of all this is that we need to understand that much of design unintentionally reproduces existing patterns of racial, class and gender discrimination and we need think about the kind of world we're trying to build and the kind of systems we're trying to build, do we want to continually reproduce these systems or do we want to build a world that is more fair for everyone more inclusive of different experiences, bodies and stories and so Of course, a world that will survive, that will be ecologically sustainable and that will be habitable for humans within a few generations, and that brings me to the second half of the talk, which is about design. justice because my work and the work of the design justice community is about exactly this question, it is about the relationship between the design of sociotechnical systems and power and it is about a growing community of designers, developers, artists, technologists, researchers and community organizers and many others who are interested in building a community of practice that seeks to systematically challenge rather than reproduce unequal systems, making it a framework for the analysis of how the design of sociotechnical systems influences distribution of benefits and burdens among various groups of people and a simple way to think about it is that many systems we design today assign more benefits to those who are more powerful and fewer benefits to those who are less powerful in society and automated systems of Decision-makers also often assign more damages to those who are less powerful. and less harm to those who are more powerful.

Design justice is also explicit, unlike some similar frameworks such as design for good or human-centered design. Design justice is explicit in thinking about how design reproduces or challenges what black feminist scholar Patricia Hill Collins calls the matrix of domination white supremacy heteropatriarchy capitalism ableism settler colonialism and other forms of structural and historical inequality and if you don't understand which are those terms you can read her fabulous book black feminist thought in addition to being a way of thinking about how we want to design systems to transform the world design justice is a community of practice is a growing community of practice that focuses on equitable distribution of benefits and burdens designs meaningful participation in design decisions and recognition that indigenous and diasporic community designs exist traditional knowledge and practices and a simple metric that you can use as you think about what smart systems to build, implement and instantiate in your cities or in your communities because you can think about who is involved in the system design process, who could potentially be harmed by the system and who benefits the most from the system and you want to ensure that the people who are going to be harmed the most are involved in the system design and analysis process.

We are a network that was formed in 2016 and are continually growing. I don't have time to go into details. You can talk to me later, but in the couple of minutes I have left, I think what I'll do is move forward to highlight a couple of resources that you might want. To see what has emerged from this network and how it works, for example, if you access full consent technology, you will find a resource on what it would mean to develop consensual technology based on what we have learned from sexual consent. movement, consent is so good that it is freely given, revocable, informed, enthusiastic and specific, and many of the consents we are used to giving in digital systems are none of those things, so we want to think about what that would look like and we have resources for that, we can think about the way we intervene in spaces like hackathons, so catherine ignacio presented a paper on feminist data science the other day and was involved with alexis hope and others in the hackathon make the breast pump not suck and policy summit that took place for two consecutive years and was about creating spaces to redesign and reimagine technologies that center communities that are often excluded from design processes.

You can read the more than code report, which is a report that we prepared after interviewing more than one hundred people of public interest. Technology professionals about how they think about building systems in ways that are inclusive of the most marginalized communities and I teach this kind of process at MIT in a place called collaborative design studio at mit.edu, co-designed and so on in the last thirty seconds. I'll skip that and just share with you the principles of the Design Justice Network, so these are a set of principles that we use at the Design Justice Network to inform all the projects that we're working on as we go. building new interfaces, new machine learning systems, or new models for the built environment, I'll go over them and then finish.

The first principle is that we use design to sustain, heal and empower our communities, as well as to seek liberation. From exploitative and oppressive systems we also center the voices of those who are directly affected by the outcomes of design processes rather than top-down design. We prioritize the impacts of designs on communities over the designer's intentions because we know that good intentions lead to right things. the road to somewhere is paved with them we see change as the emergence of a responsible, accessible and collaborative process rather than simply a point at the end of the process we see designers as facilitators rather than experts and we also believe that everyone is an expert based on your own lived experience, we all have unique and brilliant contributions to bring to a design process that no amount of so-called empathetic design or human-centered design or charettes are going to emerge, which is why you need to have people with real experience in a problem area. your design team with decision-making power if you want to build smart city systems that are fair and truly sustainable to do it right, we have to share knowledge and design tools with our communities and that helps us work towards sustainable community leadership and controlled results.

We also need to work towards non-exploitative solutions that reconnect us to the earth and to each other and finally before looking for new design solutions and believing that through techno-solutionist approaches or through what Mar Hicks you know calls techno-approaches. chauvinists for the development and maintenance of the city instead. We need to start by looking at what is already working at the community level and that includes honoring and elevating traditional indigenous and local knowledge and practices and we believe that if we join forces between triple bottom line companies, municipal governments that are truly committed to democratic processes and organizations and community-led social movements, we believe that we can build future cities that reflect these principles that include those who are often most marginalized and harmed by automated decision-making systems and that is a world where many worlds can fit and that survive to the current wave of ecological devastation that we are experiencing thank you thank you presentation thank you very much Sascha and this is what you know what this Congress is about what this conversation is about is how we find that right balance how do we have that dialogue and our next speaker will speaka little bit about one of the biggest companies in the world, which is Amazon, and you know it's close to my heart because I've known Amazon since it started with books, right here, my family.

In Spain there are many bookstores and seeing a company go from books to innovation, grow and so on and become one of the largest companies in the world is tremendous, but there is also a balance and we are going to talk about how we can really create better systems because in order for us to communicate on earth and grow, I know that in order for us to see what the value of our data is, we need to be able to manage it and Amazon Cloud Services has really been able to help a lot of entrepreneurs figure out ways that they can work together to be able to serve the citizens a little better and get everything they want too, so we are mentioning Pilar Torres, she is Amazon Web Services with Amazon public sector for Spain and Portugal and she will talk a little about what Amazon is doing here in the region and some of the projects that have been quite innovative, especially how we can all work together to make better decisions in the end, so thank you Pilar for being here today.

I give you the floor. Thank you all very much, so we take advantage of Natalia's parallel words just to provide a brief history of AWS. AWS is a company that was born thirteen years ago to provide cloud services to startups, companies from all sectors, government cities, non-profit educational organizations because the evolution of how our clients have been adopting these technologies over the years is incredible. of these 13 years and in fact AWS was born based on a need that Amazon had which was how to deal with very exceptional demand peaks at very specific times of the year (we will get closer to one of those very, very soon) and how to create a technological framework that would allow a company, a government or a city to use IT technology.

The same way we use electricity today, you only pay for what you use and you always have the capacity you need, no matter how big or small that capacity is. The concept of a smart city has evolved over the years, certainly a few years ago it was a lot. focused on developing point solutions that were not so different from what Amazon started in its own history creating monolithic applications, so monolithic services are autonomous services built by themselves but that do not talk too much about other services, other data sources, from other parts of the organization and Amazon itself realized that this was not very efficient to create new services, especially when the company had to face increasing expectations and growth demands from end users, so I also moved to a microservices strategy that was a build o o o Using cloud build services that could talk to each other was incredibly flexible, incredibly agile, and easy to develop, and that would result in communicating with each other a much better experience for our clients.

These are some definitions of what a smart city is, I'm sure. you also have your own, but I want to highlight a few points here, one of them is the focus on citizens and this has already been mentioned to make the city really the center of the digital transformation because the transformation The purpose of twisting is facilitate a better future and a better present for citizens in cities, in addition to addressing public issues and being sustainable, so these three definitions from different sources somehow bring together the three key elements of citizen centrality. addressing public issues and being sustainable and smart cities have to face these challenges and opportunities and areas of prioritization around healthcare Public security public services culture community transportation and there are very, very common factors for many cities and there are already many cases of different solutions that cities around the world are creating to better address those challenges in kana is a platform running on AWS that provides support in emergencies and floods and how to rescue people based on the information that citizens post online, for This information, once collected and analyzed, allows us to design the best evacuation routes for people who are in the most critical conditions in these emergencies.

Different cases on how to improve city services in Boston. It can capture in real time what the situation of the road sidewalks is and send this. The information to the city will be able to improve, fix and improve the infrastructure and a recent example from Cagliari of how this city in Italy solved the problem they had when they had municipal elections and had to publish the information publicly. about election results and election data, they solved it here using the cloud for 125 euros. This was the cost of the city of Cagliari to solve the IT needs to offer election information to citizens, so this is really a democratization of technology because it is an incredibly compelling cost in terms of technology AWS is a company of builders and builders creating technology that can be useful to customers here are a number of elements that I will talk a little more about during the Trinette presentation of things that AI imagines learning data lakes voice and Our reality painted in IOT, our approach is to cover from device to data analysis, but in a very modular way, so different frameworks can provide different levels of data access and you have data that happens on the device and that needs to be operated on at the device level at the edge, where you may not have highly scalable or high-performance computing, but then you can progress and use this data in more complex layers to do the full analysis.

One case is the new. The Welsh port city is doing to improve flood control, waste management and air quality by analyzing data from sensors, capturing this data and then making decisions based on the data they are collecting from sensors. I want to highlight here the voice of the city itself, one of the things they appreciated most was the agility and speed in implementing the solution in the past or with more traditional local technologies, a project can take months because first the ambition had to be solution that was needed. provision you have to size the technology you have to provision it you have to buy it you have to install it you have to implement it this can take months and even years with the cloud you can do it in days in minutes depending on the application and this is the beauty and agility that innovation provides, which we see is really the value that our customers appreciate.

Another case is in one of the companies here at this Expo how they are connecting millions of smart meters to detect fraud, but also to improvements to maintain the infrastructure, their whole strategy is to move to the cloud progressively, but look at the figures of savings, so they are really compelling in terms of profitability, so I said speed, agility, but Also, profitability is very important and then scalable, which was one of the values ​​that Anil recognized when implementing this solution. At the end of the day, it's all about the data. This is what the city of Manchester says.

It's fast, it's agile, but it allows you. Use the power of the data you have and that is why data lakes are so important in the past. The cost of storage. The cost of the technology was a limitation on the amount of data you could afford to store, so it really had to be intentional. what data should I store for my future analysis and my future predictions and decision making and what data I can't afford to keep because it might be useless or I don't see the value at the moment, this is no longer the case with Lakes data They are very, very scalable and low cost, it is possible to be free of these restrictions on the data that you will analyze or store because you have multiple devices, multiple data sources and they are only growing and, by the way, they are large. the data is not new the analysis is not new this is how exactly 80 years ago in 1939 Transport for London did analysis this is how four million passenger tickets were analyzed to see some pattern or to see the patterns or what the routes were which were used more frequently by passengers in order to increase the frequency of trains on those routes to schedule, avoiding maintenance, etc.

This is how it was done, but thanks to digital transformation this is how it is done now, real time is not only used by London Transport but only used by citizens, so this is another big revolution. These services are not just for the city entity or organization that provides the service, it is for the citizen, it is for the person who uses and consumes the services and This is the beauty of this. This is how Sardinia, another city in Europe, is using these data lakes to plan a situation in many cities in the middle of the world, which is how their population grows at very specific times of the year, say summer. season or Christmas, so the challenges are not that different from the challenges Amazon had when it had to serve the DIMM to meet demand on a Black Friday or Christmas.

It is a really limited period in the year where the population of Sardinia multiplies by 5, how can a city? Will you deal with that with this growth with this amount of infrastructure resources in an effective way? Will you scale your infrastructure for the 5 million in summer or size for your stable citizen population of 1 million or use a flexible infrastructure that allows you to scale up and down as needed and hopefully Sardinia can double its visitors soon. The application and machine learning business is an underlying theme in digital transformation. Our approaches are again a layered approach, so AI and machine learning require very specialized resources from a technology perspective. but also from a human perspective, you need to have a data analyst, you need to have a data scientist, you need to have an expert systems administration administrator, for those who have this experience and want to build their own algorithm or predictive system, they the layer inferior allows you to combine the available technologies and do your own things, for example, tensorflow is a very common and widely used machine learning platform for natural processing language for artificial input. 85% of the workloads in the tensorflow cloud ran on AWS, but not all companies, not all cities, not all organizations have those resources that certain companies have, so the middle layer saves a huge amount of time and costs associated with processing and preparing the data for analysis and then we have the top layer where you have resources, what are our services, which are ready to use, for example, translation recognition for children, etc., let me talk a little about children because, according to customers, this is the new frontier and there are many solutions in many cities and services are now developed in voice.

Two years ago, the state of Georgia in the US announced its ability to request the Georgia government on Alexa to provide citizen information via voice today the number of languages ​​has increased this city is very Vale is using it to allow a much more human communication with the city and when do I have to pay my taxes when is my recycling route arriving on my street these types of questions that can be much more accessible if you do it through voice and also in Italy Torino has returned to treat Alexa Skill as a friend between administrators and citizens to bring this closeness between the city and the citizen closer eliminate the barriers that certain parts of the population still have to access deetle deetle vehicles to interact with their administration or with the city and do it in a very human way, finally, manjushri a reality, it is a growing area that we are seeing very interesting.

The cases here as a summary are about data, they are about the use of innovation, but it is a transformation in cities in a much more agile, fast and profitable way to reduce the cost and burden of innovation because, for us , in our own experience, innovation. It is linked to failure It is linked to testing It is linked to error and the faster and cheaper you are able to do this iteration, the more successful you will be in your innovation product and there will be no barriers to entry when you start creating solutions with these technologies. you saw in Klug Larry, it's cellular democracy, so this technology is available to the largest government in the smallest city or any of you and you can start today, so with this thank you very much and you will be very welcome. sitting at our booth thank you very much Pilar so friends, let's move on and take a little break so we can network.

I hope that Pollan knows a little more about we're going to have a great panel led by me.friend here, miss young, young, wave, food from Equal Ocean, she comes from Beijing, China, and the panel is pretty amazing if you think about all the people we have today, we have a panel. where France is represented, where Norway, Colombia and Luxembourg, the USO discover how we all have this incredible diversity where we come from and we meet here in Barcelona to be able to learn and discover how we can really make a better world for our citizens, so we'll take a little break, set this up and make sure you come back in about 10 to 15 minutes and take advantage of the learning and the chance to connect with our Speakers and I look forward to many more ideas and many more collaborations so that we can build a better world .

Thank you. Hello everyone, welcome to the panel. I am the moderator of this session. I'm cool from Beijing, as Natalia just presented. So in this panel we will discuss in Industrial Revolution 4.0 how we can leverage technology and adapt it to our smart city infrastructure. Now let's introduce our beloved guest speakers. The first is Miss Glassier Fiona, she is the Hero User Program Coordinator. C please take a seat and the second is Miss Juanita Rug Raju Keys I just found out don't blame me she is the vice chancellor of innovation at EAN University and the third is Mr.

Pierre Lawrence is the head of the electronic communications division of the Luxembourg Ministry of State and then our last speaker, mr. Joel Mills, he is the CEO of Ackman City, okay we will start very soon as we all know that Smart City, this is the 2011 Smart City Expo, it has been held in Barcelona so far, let's do the math, it is the 7th . I guess 200 years ago there were less than 3% of people living in urban area but now there are more than 50% of people living in urban area until 2018 and more than 80% of people are expected to live In the urban area in the next century, urban cities have become a very important habitat for human beings and how to reorganize the resources of artists and how to make the city work more efficiently has become a challenge for all of us as the population explodes. have our first speaker to have the presentation of him, please come up to the stage, it is a way to be able to turn on this light.

Goerke, yeah, sure, okay, should I do it from here? They are both working. Thank you very much for inviting us. We are very, very excited. be here my presentation is called space for cities when we think about space and when I started working in the industry I talked about planets, I talked about exploration, I even talked about aliens, but I never talked about some assets that are actually orbiting the Earth. thousands of satellites out there why our satellites are important because they have applications there are things we can do unscathed with satellites probably most of you already have a technological education but I'm fine but for those of you who are not familiar with satellite applications , I am going to tell you that there are applications of military satellites, the first is Earth observation, that is, an image more or less taken from satellites. object you can mainly observe changes in what happens on Earth by comparing images of the same place taken at different times the second application is communication is basically the one used in more remote places to capture and mobile signals and the third is satellite navigation Most of you know this application as GPS, which is from USA.

US positioning system and we use it to know the exact location of things as they move, so I work for an association of space agencies called each Z, most nations of an agency, a minister or a office in charge of space affairs, the association has was created in 1989 with the goal of really communicating what is possible with satellite applications, so we collect stories about similar data abuses, we try to understand whatever the needs, the challenges and the motivations behind these uses and then return them to our member space. agencies and the European Commission about what the challenges are for cities, SMEs and public administrations in general, in addition to trying to use these applications as a service system, so how do we do it?

We actually interview SMEs and NGOs from the public administration and ask them what to do with satellite applications, we compile the stories in articles, we have a database on our website in each space or we browse the chicken and organize thematic events in collaboration with regions and cities on how to use this data in different sectors, in addition, we have a set of publications that you can access on our website, so why is the topic of satellite applications interesting, not only because we use this information on a daily basis but also because new services and data are being created, in particular the European Union has created its own satellite system Galileo is our satellite navigation system and Copernicus is our Earth observation system.

If you access Copernicus, you will not only find the raw data, but also services that are free and open to anyone in Europe and around the world, so it is very important. Since we pay for these satellites to be there and for the services to be developed, we are aware of their existence and use them, so what we are trying to understand right now is how to maximize the potential of the application of satellites in the cities. launched last year this initiative called space for the city trying to understand that our satellite applications can help cities be safer, more resilient, cleaner, healthier, inclusive and more efficient, and I'm going to give you two to guide you through a series of examples now.

Data from our satellites is used on some European citizens, so this is what we want to do to document experiences to identify needs and challenges of practice and give feedback to decision makers, so let's start from the city topic clean and waste in particular. so this is an exeter experience exeter is a medium sized city in the uk in devon, i have about 100,000 people, they had the problem of coordinating their waste collection trucks, they didn't have a coordinated way of managing the trucks and as As a result, their four lines were inundated with requests from citizens who didn't empty their bins, so what they did was equip all of their garbage trucks with satellite navigation equipment that tracks their movements, plus they have a web-based platform. in which both the administration and citizens can see where the trucks are and when their containers will be emptied.

As a result, saving £240,000 a year in vehicle capital costs and £150 in revenue costs, we are somewhat obliged. Give an economic value to these services, but we will remember that public administrations are not there to save money but to provide good services to people, so let's look at another example. This is an example from León. León is a city in France where they have been working. Ricola is a neighborhood and they participated in a European project by which they were basically obliged to have 70% of the energy produced in this neighborhood that produced green technologies, so what they did is that they implemented a solar energy park with the help of images satellite our confederate lpr images through satellite images you can actually see the solar radiation of the surfaces, this means that you can predict how much energy a solar panel will produce at an exact location and once you have the value of how much energy a panel should produce.

You can actually detect the malfunction by simply comparing the actual output of the panel with the expected output, which means that this way they can save a good amount of time and human resources because they don't need to go every day or every week. on the premises to see if they are working, but they can do it conveniently from a control center and simply send an employee when a solar panel does not produce the expected energy output, let's go to another area of ​​the smart city environment that is safer and resilient. cities, these four areas have been built on the basis of the European Millennium Development Goal number 11, so we go here to a village of a thousand people in Aqsa Tiny, in the south of France, Albin, so this village is a water tank that is located in the mountains where there is no internet connection, so what they did is that to monitor the pumps they basically placed a satellite dish there and thanks to the satellite dish they could receive information in real time about the operation of the pumps and the quality of the water and here again they can save time and resources by intervening only when necessary in the pump third dimension healthy and inclusive city you know that there is a proliferation of applications or they are there most of them are based on Satellite Navigation, an application called Voy to share, created again in France to meet the interests of three million people with mobility problems who can now share in real time information about barriers, cafeterias equipped, for example, for people with disabilities. reduced mobility here we do not have an economic indicator of why this law is important, but we do not need the economic indicator again, so we have an example of a participatory tool in which the users in brackets become masters of their own destiny. and they intervene and act themselves to improve their lives and we go to the fourth and last part, efficient seating.

This is an example that comes from LAN V in their branding, so in Denmark there is an entity in lambda that is responsible for water pumps, so they realized at a specific point that at a specific location the water pumps waters were breaking much faster than in other parts of the world. They did not understand why and using satellite images they were able to notice that in a particular place the ground was moving much faster than in other places breaking the bombs so right now, based on satellite images, they have a map that indicates with different colors where the moves the ground and at what speed and where the pumps should be replaced in order to prioritize maintenance work on the Water Pump Network.

These are just some examples of what can be done with the satellite application in cities. Many more examples, I mean, can be mentioned and are present on our website. We need people to come up with ideas about how to use this data because the data is out there, the data is out there for free and we really need to take advantage of how our money is spent and make sure that we have power over the technology and we decide what direction the technology goes in. and we don't let Those who understand technology decide what we have to do with it.

In case you have any ideas, in case you want to partner with us, in case you know a good example of our satellite applications being used in cities or elsewhere, please reach out to us. Tell us your story and we can spread it and put you in touch with other people who need your experience, if you don't have experience and want to get in touch with municipal administrator services or SMEs that already use this data. Please approach us because we can also put you in touch with the experts and cities that already have experience with it.

Thank you, thank you, thank you, thank you for sharing with class about those satellites and then let's go back to Earth, so the satellites. collect data and how we use this data to help our mayors or governors manage the city to help make the city more efficient let's listen to what Juanita says thank you good afternoon everyone. I am very happy to be here today representing Arjan University, but I am really representing a joint effort between public and private entities, universities to really have different theories and solutions, so we are talking about a specific project called clean transportation, let's see and It's led by Proton Travolta, it's a non-profit agency, it's like a thought. moral of a tank because it develops projects that are private it is owned by the largest companies in Colombia but it really seeks to have an idea of ​​the city in the long term it is not working for a specific interest of the companies that are part of it that is part of the pro rata but you're really thinking about the city, so in your plan in the big long-term vision plan you have different topics security mobility future of work and economic development your very original planning public leadership security but in the end when you focus on these topics, is really talking about smart cities, so they launched the idea of ​​everyone working in Colombia and specifically in Bogotá in a joint effort to develop urban solutions, so we start with some challenges that we have in Bogotá this year.

We start the yearwith terrible news, one of them was that Bogota residents in Bogotá are losing 272 hours a year in traffic jams, the other was that for the first time in our history we had a terrible environmental and viral airborne alert of mm in Bogotá for the first time, then we knew those types of problems, for example in Mexico City we knew that the administration had had some of these alarms in the past, but we did not have one like that in Bogotá and we started. the year with that, so we started to think that really when we talk about smart cities we are talking about a multi-stakeholder problem, we cannot talk about it only from the government, we have to take into account the opinion of citizens.

Taking into account the responsibility of the private sector, but also of universities and civil society, so this is the way we have to address these types of challenges and we also have to consider revolutionary technologies to help solve this type of problem , so we started thinking. about the possibility of having some capacities in the collection and analysis of data so that we can have better solutions in the country, then we began to add to the table different capacities of universities, companies and also specifically needs of the government of the city, but also from other entities that are working with different companies and what we want to do is have tangible tangent pilots to have real real data to have indices to have indicators and help build public regulatory policies but also good practices of companies and we started and we are We are going to launch next week some of the capabilities that will be called Smart Bogotá, the first pilot because we did not want to launch this new effort without starting, without having started we have already started a pilot, our first pilot is a clean transportation pilot and What is so important about clean transportation?

What we know is that all the cargo trucks are the ones that are creating the most traffic jams in the city, but also the air problem is one of the most important factors, so we are going to work with different companies that are coming to the city with these trucks and we are talking to them about how we can actually have numbers, how we can have data so that we can manage and have a better solution for this type of transportation, so we are going to collect data from these vehicles and we are going to have the entire baseline for logistics performance, particulate matter is specifically 2.5 parts per million, which is really harmful to health, all greenhouse gas simulation and from this data we will prioritize action as green driving. we are going to work on the preventive maintenance of the vehicles we are going to work on the allocation of carbon limit capacity and what we really want to achieve is the technological reconversion we have written working with the municipality the person responsible for the environment the person responsible for mobility and also city ​​development we have been working with us very jointly and as we can see in this here it is not shown but you can see the truck, what we are doing is putting a seam on each truck and we are actually taking and compiling the data in real time us and we are sending them to the Amazon cloud, we have here an alliance with Amazon that is helping us here and with the sensor that any of the university created in any university where I work and we are analyzing the data with another university that is El Rosario, we are going to deliver this information to the city, it is a bit like this, as you can see, we are going to have all the environmental data and emissions data, we have any specific device that was created and the device that was created at the university that allows us to have really moving the PM 2.5 data, which is, I think, the most important thing we develop here. send that to the cloud and we are monitoring during all of them all the trips of these vehicles all the information that you will see here noise we have all this type of information and we have it in a big panel so that all the companies can see it we can see that it is specific in information but we can also see a graph where we can see exactly how this is working in the city in the end these are the entities that are part of our specific project and that are part of the sum of capabilities we have Proton, which is this non-profit agency profit that is leading the project, but we are also working with Say Land, which is the national entity that has all the large

industrial

companies working together.

We have Amazon here, we also have T go t go is a technology company we have three different universities and we have a company that works in a law firm that is helping us with all the intellectual property efforts and all the agreements that we have to share between us and we are also working with Sanna Sanna is a government owned Technical University and they are working with us on designing an eco driving and maintenance course for all people who drive these types of cars, so that we can have the pilot running at the same time these people drive and train. about how to drive better so that we can have less traffic jams but at the same time we can have less environmental environmental problems Ori in the city, so this is the project is a way in which we are showing that if we have the ability to collect analyzing data really We can have this type of opportunity for each type of project, it does not have to be a mobility project, it can also be.

I don't know any type of project because in the end I did what you really have to do. Data is the only way for a public policy to be well made is when you have real information and not just an opinion, so what we are really doing here is helping the government by helping companies to really have the information and good information to make some decisions thank you. thank you thank you thank you Juanita and the next one let's return to the topic of how to take advantage of technology and adapt it to the infrastructure of smart cities and let's listen to what our Mr. says.

Pierre, let's introduce ourselves to the technology, hello everyone, yes, we have this whole thing about city maps, it's a lot about harnessing the benefits of digitalization. I represent the Luxembourg ministry, it is also in charge of the digit policy in Luxembourg, but what I What we want to present today is more about the networks behind all these applications and we have heard about the possibilities of use and misuse of artificial intelligence. We have thought about the importance and interest of using the cloud, but behind this is the cloud and all the devices that should. To communicate we also need networks and networks are what must provide the necessary connectivity so there can be different types of networks that can be fixed networks they can be mobile networks they can be satellite networks they can be terrestrial networks there is the old copper The infrastructure is fiber , now there are wired networks, sometimes they can be combined as well, for example Wi-Fi is, after all, wireless access to a fixed network, but they are all necessary to make most smart city applications possible , so my main focus will be It's about five trees because 5G will really be the infrastructure of the future that will make these new applications possible in Europe, the European Commission has presented an action plan that encourages Member States to begin deployment of 5G no later than next year and the agenda is that most major cities and transport should be covered by 2025 5g is about personal communications, it is about faster communications, more bandwidth to transmit more data, but it is also about machine-to-machine communications, primarily with those needed for device applications. smart home also helps smart transportation, all these applications will be supported by 5g networks and it is important to emphasize that this is not only for industry and companies but is also very useful for public entities, municipalities and communities and that People must be at the center of all these efforts in Luxembourg we are preparing to launch five trees next year we have drawn up the national strategy for this and we have recognized in particular the strategic importance of this new type of network that many are talking about speech, this slide shows that the green part for which mobile networks have historically not been as efficient for speed and data transmission as the next fixed word, fiber to the home, was the first to really enable speed very high. to go up to 1 gigabit per second, then the cable also reached that copper network, it doesn't really reach that speed, but today we can also reach a very high speed with the old twisted pair, but then the mobile networks will catch up and thanks to 5g.

By next year they should also be able to reach speeds of one gigabit per second or more. This is the magic triangle of 5g, so in the top circle you see the improved mobile broadband that I already mentioned on the left side. At the bottom you can see the massive machine type communications, so it is said that 5g should allow up to a million devices per square kilometer to be connected at the same time and that is really a lot and some of these devices inside. Also, that's what will be needed if we want to have all these crazy City apps at the same time, on the right side, at the bottom, you have ultra reliable, low latency communications, so this is also a new feature for critical applications. really high reliability is needed and for a number of applications, for example in aid, but also in relation to automated driving, low latency is also needed, so this also improves dramatically compared to previous generations of networks mobiles.

You see that the smart city is further left at the bottom it is mainly about machine to machine, but also for cities there may be other applications related to the smart home or for example augmented virtual reality, where in particular it would also need improved mobile broadband. It's also important to note that 5g will also allow network slicing, meaning you don't need all these different features for all applications, so different parts may meet different quality standards than you actually need them for. for the service you want to provide. This slide is about the frequencies that you have.

At least three types of frequencies in Europe that I identified for 5g, the lower frequencies that refer to the large ozone coverage, the middle frequencies about higher speeds, but the coverage is not that great, but you will need it for time areas in the cities and then. There are even more higher frequencies, the million meter frequencies, which are actually for smaller areas where you need very high bandwidth and different conditions are needed. It is important to note that all of these mobile network antennas must also be connected so that I still need fiber or perhaps satellite where fiber is not available to connect the antennas for the network to work.

I have listed a few applications but I think you know most of the ones that could be for 5g. The network would be very useful. An example could be parking cars remotely. People would leave their car in a zone and then be automatically taken to a free parking space. I see my time is up, so I'll move on to this last slide for many smart people. Urban applications do not necessarily need 5G networks, some can rely on narrowband connectivity for some, a fixed network is the good solution for Dre can also support high data speeds, but if you want to have all these applications at the same time 5G is really the right solution for the future because at the same time it allows low latency communications and with the network outage you can have different features depending on the service you want to offer and synchronize the other less relevant slides, so thank you very much. and I leave the floor to the next speaker.

Thank you, thank you Pierre, just as telecommunications technology helps us transmit data better and how to use data to help us create better solutions or better strategies at scuzz medical, let's welcome Joel to give us a speech ok good afternoon Thank you very much for inviting me here I am coming to the end of the day and I think I am happy to see you all here I am going to tell you a little about technology but in reality it is not about technologies over people it is about how we interact with technology, People are so obsessed with all the technologies and how they are developing and this is really important, but for things to move forward, humans have to understand that the technology has to be able to work with that. technology, we have been working very, very hard and we have been working directly with the United Nations to try to get all this technology and all this data that comes to the cities and to be able to understand it so thathumans are the people who are going to make these decisions and move things forward and we need to be able to understand this complex data and work with it to do this.

We have been using smart digital twins. Now this is the technology that we have developed over the last 15 years in the oil and gas industry and it was only the last year that we suddenly took this technology to a new field, so we started doing this and we started developing the digital technology. twins, the first place we did this was in Norway. We started with a city in a small Audison town to test this, but it's an idea where we can augment and overlay data on a city to really get a good understanding of what's going on.

We are working together, as I said, with the UN, we are using this to solve problems and we are using it and the way you can solve problems is to have a very good visual understanding of that data through visualization. The UN has this. program that they've spent the last few years developing where they go to a city and can really find out what a smart, sustainable city is. Most cities you talk to say they are smart, they say they are sustainable, but what is that? The UN is created to solve this and understand this and has a system of key performance indicators (KPIs) to really understand and evaluate what that city is like.

This gets you to a point where we have a reference point, you know where you are. are, which is always a good starting point, if you want to move forward, you need to know where you are to know where you are, but in order to move forward, we need to think about how we can move this forward and the way we do it. We've been looking at this to pick out individual elements, so we take each of these KPIs and visualize them in our smart city to understand what's happening, so I'll just show you a quick example here. visualization here what we are seeing is the response time of the emergency services, we have the firefighters, we have their big data, my most hated word is big data, I must say that I hear it mentioned all the time and every time I hear that mention it.

I go and talk to people and 99% of the time I talk to people about their big data, they store it and don't use it for anything. We want to start using that data if we only use 10%. From the big data we have today, the solutions we could make are incredible, so in this example we are showing the response time of emergency services, we are looking at firefighters and we were looking at the relationship between firefighters. and the traffic and we realized that it was not 10 minutes as it should be according to the UN standard, but it was 30 minutes in Norway your house is made of wood in 30 minutes it burned down that is the end of what we wanted to see solutions non-traditional and how we could solve this, so instead of changing the road network or making fewer vehicles on the roads, we looked at what were the trigger points to generate this maximum flow problem because in most cities there are no problems of traffic 24 hours a day you have a peak flow problem, so we looked at how we could solve the peak flow problem and what we did was we realized that if we change the opening times of schools and daycares, the people who work In flexible hours they would not do it.

They don't need to sit in that traffic jam and waste those hours of their lives and they can go a little earlier or a little later because they can deliver their children at the right time. That made a big difference. We looked at the traffic and we looked at how and We looked at the parking and we looked at how we could change the rate of pick-up parking in street parking at peak times and how we could do it to quadruple the price of peak-hour parking, which meant that people who didn't want to make those trips won.

We don't make those trips, we put this together and the last thing we saw was also garbage collection. I was interested to hear another example of that, so we looked at garbage collection and realized the garbage routes they went through in this city. rush hour traffic and no one thought about that so we took them out and redirected them by changing just three small things so as not to buy a new big road in the structure, we haven't changed anything, we have the response time that I have. What I'm trying to get at here is if we understand what we're working with, if we can share this data between different departments, between different areas, take it to a higher level, suddenly we'll be able to make better decisions and these are really easy decisions to achieve.

We can see it all the time, so like I said, we have been chosen, it is very early stage, but we have been chosen to be the UN global partner for the simulation program and I will show you a little video to finish. Here's a little bit about what we're working with, so I'll put it in a little video. Do I have sound? Sorry, I'll just take it back if that's okay and let's start from the beginning. Here we go, sounds good. You can see a little idea of ​​what we are working with. I want you to finish with what you've seen today and it doesn't mean that I should use us, but with the data that you all are working with we are all working with start putting it in a visual format start putting it in a format where it is not designed for the machines but for us it is designed for humans to interact and we can start using it to make decisions, connect it, connect those dots between different departments, between different people, and I think that all these goals that we want to meet, their sustainability goals, we will be able to achieve them. know them if we leverage technology through people, so let's work together to get there.

Thank you very much, thank you, thank you, Joe's speech, and here now we have a panel discussion formally, etc., like for a panelist of all, we have different backgrounds. We have diverse areas, like we have different specialties, so in the last few months or in the last three days at the exhibition, what is the most impressive technology that you have seen in this great World Exhibition Congress and also what do you think that could be that? technology? could be applied in the development of our smart city, feel free when I discovered the tunnel that was built under the city of L'Aquila, which is located in the center of Italy, and was hit by an earthquake that basically destroyed the center of the city and I have basically put all the basic infrastructure like the water connection to the Internet and the insecurity of the electrical network inside this tunnel and that means that if another earthquake happens, I mean, all the services will be insured and I hope that the city above is also a good plan, yes, I can.

I mean, I spent some time walking around the show and it's really interesting, there's a lot going on and I think rather than picking out an individual product, I just wanted to say it's awesome to see. how fast and how fast technology is developing and this technology is not just technology for the point of technology, it is actually technology to improve people's lives and improve solutions as we increase the population and push, like I said, to make it so that we have not reached a point where we are destroying our planet, but we are actually in a sustainable situation and if we can start using these technologies and make sure that politicians and everyone else can move to the same speed as the technologies, I really think we have some really positive ways to move forward, so I think the technologies are moving very fast, we need to make sure that the decision makers and everyone else can move at the same speed so that we can achieve those goals.

I will say that the most important thing that I have seen in the last few months or here is that we really understood that this is a multi-stakeholder issue and we have been listening to the mayors but at the same time to the private sector, to university civil society, as well which I think is the smartest way. And it's great that I've been looking around and that technology is just a tool to really create better places and that we have to have an idea of ​​the city that we want to achieve, but it's an idea that we really have to create. between these different stakeholders, I think that's the best part of this conference because a few years before we only saw technology and we saw big and companies, now we have a broader conversation and I think that's very important, yes, collaboration matters, yes , completely.

I agree with that, I think it is very important to put people at the center of all this and also when I was talking about five, we really have that people do not necessarily support a new technology, they have to feel that it is beneficial for them and speaking of technologies I think the important point is also that they all work well together to avoid bottlenecks to avoid the use of different technologies but that and in the end they don't really fit and that the benefit is lost because of that yes, thanks for sharing and Also like um, let's say when you go back to your childhood, what do you think you've ever imagined with digital eyes to see or so smart to like it or let's say what's the big difference that you see in the city that you see?

If you are living now and in the city you lived in growing up, what would be the most surprising part that changed? Well, I think smartphones made a difference and I mean the biggest difference is made by all the technology that you have. your phone and how that can help you find things in cities. I will also say the Internet and all the things that we have because of that, because remember, when I was little I'm going to tell you my age with that, but we were seeing, I don't know, it shows that the world that we are showing we were going to fly with cars, flying cars and that kind of thing, and when you went to Epcot Center at that time, there were more surprising things that I saw knowing what we are experiencing is more realistic but then more powerful because we are all connected yes yes I also think that all cities have common problems but also There can be big differences between cities that have environmental problems, others have more traffic problems, their cities are close to the sea, the houses are in the mountains, so we also have to differentiate ourselves in each city to try to find the right solutions for the problems that exist.

I believe that technology is opening the world for all citizens, everyone involved can find. We discover things in a few seconds because of our mobile phones and the internet and they are different in two and 4G and 5g and everything else and it means that our lives should be many of the things from the past that I saw as a child. Many of those things are now easier to take a taxi if you press a button on your phone and it comes to find out when the buses are going, you press a button to go to a new city and get your bearings, you take your phone out of your pocket and look through the city you can communicate with everyone you can connect with people I think the world is getting smaller even though it is getting bigger and I think technology is allowing us to go in the direction we have to be.

Be careful with technology. I think there are huge opportunities open with technology, but we need to steer the technology and we need to make sure we know what's happening with artificial intelligence, especially, and we need to look in the direction of what's happening. there, but if we can use it to our advantage, I think we can achieve a better quality of life for as many people as possible and I think that really has to be the key and the goal of where we are moving with our cities in the future. thank you thank you so here comes the question and answer session if any of you have questions you can take the microphone in the hallway and also tell us your name where you're from anyone we have a quiet audience okay so no questions , everyone clarify that we are talking about something great, fantastic, so thank you to all of our panelists.

I'm going to conclude this session. Yes, we are in the

industrial

revolution 4.0 and it is a time of connection, as the market research company IDC conducted research at the end of 2018 there is 18 second data in this world produced by all of our past behaviors, including our ancestors, What does a Jacobite mean? But let me tell you a smaller unit, an exabyte, like all languages, all the words that human beings ever spoke are five. exabytes and one is a gabite means 1024 exabyte, that means like 360 ​​human beings on Earth once spoke, that's massive, that's massive, the data is, so how do we do it with the data produced in the last few hundred years? , even thousands of years, and how we face the future. 80% of the people will live in the urban city and how we manage the city efficiently in the developed city in the developed countries in the background and also in the developing countries how we help human beings to live better and work better and Living happier is the most important thing.

Important topic here inthis Congress and also for our future Congress, thank you all for being here and we hope to see you next year, thank you, thank you to our panelists, applause.